The American Wind Energy Association (AWEA), as a standards development organization, sponsored the development of recommended practices (RP) for offshore wind turbine facilities and published its RP report in 2012. The challenges faced by the emerging offshore wind energy industry parallel many of the challenges that were faced by the offshore oil and gas industry in its infancy. These challenges are documented and addressed in the development of the AWEA RP and are described in this paper. The paper discusses how the more mature American Petroleum Institute oil and gas standards were interfaced with International Electrotechnical Commission and other wind turbine and offshore industry standards to provide guidance for reliable engineering design practices of these mechanically dynamic, fatigue-driven offshore wind energy systems. Uncertainties requiring further validation and analysis are also described.

关键词：风能；风电；海上平台；沿海水域；设计

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With the push towards siting wind turbines in deeper water, floating offshore wind turbines are becoming an economically attractive option. The International Electrotechnical Commissions (IEC) 61400-3 design standard covers fixed-bottom offshore wind turbines, but there are a number of new research questions that need to be answered to modify these standards so that they are applicable to floating wind turbines. One issue is the appropriate simulation length needed for floating turbines. This paper will discuss the results from a study assessing the impact of simulation length on the ultimate and fatigue loads of the structure, and will address uncertainties associated with changing the simulation length for the analyzed floating platform. Recommendations of required simulation length based on load uncertainty will be made and compared to current simulation-length requirements.

关键词：风力发电机；海上风场；评估；设计

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Reference Network Models (RNMs) are large-scale distribution network planning tools. RNMs can be used by policy makers and regulators to estimate efficient distribution costs. This is a very challenging task, particularly being network planning a combinatorial problem, which is especially difficult to solve due to the vast size of the distribution areas, and the use of several voltage levels. This chapter presents the main features of RNMs developed by the authors, including high performance requirements related to the type and size of the problem. The model can be used to plan distribution networks either from scratch or incrementally from existing grids. Different case studies illustrate the applicability of these models to the assessment of the impact of massive deployment of renewable distributed generation, demand response actions, and plug-in electric vehicle penetration on distribution costs. The results obtained provide valuable information to guide strategic policy-making decisions regarding the implementation of renewable energy programs and smart grid initiatives.

关键词：智能电网；参考网络模型；可再生能源；网络规划

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ORNL and subcontractor Cool Energy completed an investigation of higher-temperature, organic thermal fluids for solar thermal applications. Although static thermal tests showed promising results for 1-phenylnaphthalene, loop testing at temperatures to 450 degrees C showed that the material isomerized at a slow rate. In a loop with a temperature high enough to drive the isomerization, the higher melting point byproducts tended to condense onto cooler surfaces. So, as experienced in loop operation, eventually the internal channels of cooler components such as the waste heat rejection exchanger may become coated or clogged and loop performance will decrease. Thus, pure 1-phenylnaphthalene does not appear to be a fluid that would have a sufficiently long lifetime (years to decades) to be used in a loop at the increased temperatures of interest. Hence a decision was made not to test the ORNL fluid in the loop at Cool Energy Inc. Instead, Cool Energy tested and modeled power conversion from a moderate-temperature solar loop using coupled Stirling engines. Cool Energy analyzed data collected on third and fourth generation SolarHeart Stirling engines operating on a rooftop solar field with a lower temperature (Marlotherm) heat transfer fluid. The operating efficiencies of the Stirling engines were determined at multiple, typical solar conditions, based on data from actual cycle operation. Results highlighted the advantages of inherent thermal energy storage in the power conversion system.

关键词：太阳能；传热；能源储存；冷却液回路；热测试

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This test was conducted as part of the U.S. Department of Energy's (DOE) Independent Testing project. This project was established to help reduce the barriers of wind energy expansion by providing independent testing results for small turbines. Several turbines were selected for testing at the National Wind Technology Center (NWTC) at the National Renewable Energy Laboratory (NREL) as a part of the Small Wind Turbine Independent Testing project. Duration testing is one of up to five tests that may be performed on the turbines. Other tests include safety and function, power performance, acoustic noise, and power quality. Viryd Technologies, Inc. of Austin, Texas, was the recipient of the DOE grant and provided the turbine for testing.

关键词：风能；风力发电机；声学测试；电力系统

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Using weighted power means, as opposed to arithmetic means, for wind speed statistics is recognized as more relevant to predicting power production from wind turbines. Yet computer models used for hub height wind prediction output arithmetic means, due to the lack of accurate information on wind speed distributions generated by the turbulent flow. The following demonstrates methods used to calculate wind speed statistics using power means, generated from high-frequency (32 Hz) wind measurements, from turbulent flow in the vicinity of a wind turbine array. The dependence of errors, as a function of turbulence intensity, in power production forecasts resulting from the use of arithmetic instead of power means is presented

关键词：风能；风电；计算机模型；发电；风力发电机组

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5月份，全国电力供需平衡。在国家微刺激政策以及下旬气温偏高等因素带动下，全国全社会用电量增速略有回升；轻、重工业用电量增长相对均衡，制造业日均用电量比上月略有减少，四大高耗能行业用电量增速略有回升，第三产业和城乡居民生活用电
量增长缓慢。全国水电发电量保持较快增长，但增量主要集中在云南、四川两省。5月份，火电生产形势略有好转，云南火电发电量增速大幅提高，全国风电发电量高速增长。电网投资同比较快增长，电源投资大幅下降。全国基建新增同比略有增加，5月当月核电新增2台百万千瓦机组。下个季度将迎来夏季用电高峰，全社会用电量增速将继续回升。我们预计，上半年全社会用电量同比增长将在5.5%～6.5%之间，而随着下半年宏观经济有望平缓回升，全年全社会用电量同比增幅将达到6.5%～7.5%。

关键词：电力；供需；用电量

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关键词：煤化工；自主创新

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本报告从能源行业事件分析；竞争环境、竞争对手、行业数据等几个方面进行了分析评论。

关键词：行业事件分析；竞争环境；竞争对手；行业数据

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报告从主要发电企业集团动态、电力产业环境、国内电网动态、电力设备行业信息、港台电力行业信息、国际动态等几个方面进行了分析评论。

关键词：电力；集团动态；产业环境；电网动态；行业信息；国际动态

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