According to data from the USDA, Brazil was the second largest producer and consumer of biofuels in the world during 2021. The country is among the global pioneers in biofuels development and adoption, with the introduction of flex-fuel (dual-fuel ethanol and petrol) vehicles as early as 2003. Moreover, mandatory blending of fossil fuels with biofuels has underpinned the growth of the sector ever since their introduction in the second half of the 2000s decade. Brazil’s massive agricultural sector also plays a key part in the development of the sector, with the country being among the largest producers of raw materials for biofuels, such as sugarcane, soybean, maize and animal fats.

In the wake of the Russian invasion of Ukraine, the conflict between liberal camps centered upon the US and Europe and autocratic camps centered upon China and Russia is growing. Finally, international trade, which had been free for more than 30 years after the collapse of the Soviet Union, is becoming increasingly blocked. For fossil fuels, supply is limited due to conflicts between the two camps, including between the US and China in 2018, Australia and China in 2021, and Russia and Western Europe in 2022. In the meantime, many countries are strengthening their individual carbon-neutral policies to address climate change. Accordingly, we believe that responses to climate change going forward will become a means for countries to regulate one another. Given carbon neutrality and energy independence needs, nuclear power is expected to become a major source of power. In addition, the expansion of the renewable energy market, which has secured economic feasibility compared to fossil fuels, is to accelerate the global transition towards a hydrogen economy. Given this rapidly changing world order, we believe it is time to take a close look at how green energy market being reorganized.

投资策略：公用事业：1、新型电力系统中，必将大力推进电力现货市场交 易，促进辅助服务发展，“新能源+辅助服务”将成为其中重要交易模式， 推动储能，特别是抽水蓄能发展；2、政策推动煤炭和新能源优化组合，煤 价限制政策有望落地，火电盈利拐点出现。推荐有较大抽水蓄能和新能源规 划，估值处于底部的湖北能源；有抽水蓄能、化学储能资产注入预期，未来 辅助服务龙头文山电力；推荐“核电与新能源”双轮驱动中国核电；推荐积 极转型新能源，现金流充沛火电龙头华能国际、华润电力、中国电力等；有 资金成本、资源优势的新能源运营龙头三峡能源、龙源电力；分布式光伏运 营商芯能科技。

清洁低碳是全球能源转型发展的必然趋势。作为全球最大的能源生产和消费国，中国大力推动非化石能源发展和能源转型。党中央高瞻远瞩，描绘了我国绿色发展的宏伟蓝图，制订了2030年碳达峰、2060年碳中和的目标，提出了“双碳”目标下构建新型电力系统的要求，明确了新时代能源电力的发展方向，也为全国海上风电产业发展创造了良好的环境。

由于地球环境变化导致气候问题频发，以及世界政治经济局势的变动导致世界能源供应的紧张局面，加剧了全球各国发展氢能等清洁能源的迫切需求。2020年9月，习近平总书记在联合国大会上正式提出了“双碳战略目标”，展示了我国应对气候变化、推动绿色发展的决心和目标。氢能作为能源转型的重要抓手，将在各行业“去碳化”进程中发挥重要作用，为解决全球环境问题和实现我国“双碳”目标提供了可实现路径。当前我国各省份加快布局氢能产业，推动氢能产业的制、储、运、加、用各环节加速发展。本文针对我国氢能产业发展现状及制约产业发展的问题进行了分析，从突破关键技术、提高氢能汽车补贴、加快基础设施建设、建立安全体系等方面提出对策建议，为加快我国氢能产业发展提供借鉴。

智能网络是由多个互联网、可寻址和独立管理的实体组成的开放分布式网络架构，需要形成完善的数据通信网络系统，以保证智能电网中所有组件之间自由安全的数据交换。文章在全面介绍国家电网公司智能电网和数据通信网络发展的基础上，分析我国智能电网数据通信网络所使用的互联网协议的内在特点，提出我国智能电网广泛使用IPv6技术标准的必要性。根据本技术标准的重要性，首先系统分析当前需要关注的国际标准和规范的建设；然后系统介绍国家电网公司从国际数据通信网过渡到IPv6的实际工作，为我国下一代网络技术标准在我国智能电网中的广泛应用提供参考。

核电作为一种低碳、绿色的清洁能源，拥有广阔的发展空间与巨大的市场潜力。伴随着可持续发展战略与生态文明建设的逐步实施，将环境友好理念融入核电发展迫在眉睫。本研究从总图设计的角度出发，提出了环境友好型核电厂的特点，分析已建核电厂存在的用地问题，按照环境友好型核电厂的要求，从厂址选择阶段和厂区规划阶段出发，提出标准化、可实施的环境友好型核电厂节地措施。