The radio access network (RAN) uses radio signals to connect a subscriber’s cellular device to the core wireline network. RAN has been in use since the introduction of cellular technology and since then has been evolving with evolution of mobile communications. Small cell communication infrastructure consists of small radio equipment and antennas, which can be placed on structures such as streetlights, sides of buildings, or poles. It is about the size of a pizza box or a backpack and is essential to transmit data to and from a wireless device. These small cells are anticipated to revolutionize next-generation network as these cells transmit data using mid- and high-band spectrum, which would be helpful to strengthen 5G network capacity. Hence, small cell communication infrastructure is estimated to propel the market growth during the forecast period.

With the increasing internet services penetration, improving communication infrastructure, and data speed improvements, the growing number of internet and mobile users is influencing various business, across the world, to adopt internet to offer their services and products, driving the need for creation of different profiles by the end-users. Along with this, enterprises are increasingly adopting security measures to increase accountability by adopting user accounts. Such developments are, in turn, augmenting the demand for password management software. Owing to the increase in the number of profiles operated by a single entity, the management of password becomes vital, especially in enterprises, thus, creating a requirement for authenticating the right user. Password management is one of the frequent types of services which IT helpdesks have to deal on an everyday basis, consuming a significant share of their time. The sheer volume of requests for password resets received by the IT helpdesks makes it an extremely time-consuming task. For instance, META Group data suggests that a helpdesk receives an average of 21 calls per user per year asking for a password reset. Moreover, such requests can be easily avoided by the adoption of self-service password management and automating the process cutting IT service desk's time consumed in resolving such Level-1 issues and increasing their time and efforts on pressing on core issues.

In the current market scenario, the rising need for synchronization with e-commerce, fierce competition, and real-time price changes require maximum reliability and responsiveness and represent strategic advantage from the retail store chains. This competitive strategy for gaining more market share has been driving the adoption of an electronic shelf label (ESL). ESLs are gaining prominence as a means of displaying and managing product pricing and information. One of the advantages of ESLs is the ability for staff and shop managers to use the technology to help manage and control stock levels. In the ESL system, commodity and product information are electronically displayed and updated. It is essentially a digital tag, deployed by the retailers in stores to present information of the product on the store shelf directly to the customers. It is integrated into the communication network with the functionality to edit prices and information on the tag instantaneously, by operating wirelessly. It also provides operational flexibility for the end users to change the prices in real-time without needing additional resources.

物理战争阴云笼罩下的世界已经成为历史，随着军事装备信息化的进程，武力作为国家间竞争的最后手段，若想发挥最大优势，信息与通信自然成为先于武器装备，制约彼此的竞争领域。在这一领域里中国一直在跟随美国的脚步迅速壮大，同样是在2000年后，我国ICT服务出口总规模起升，并始终与美国保持同步。但在占比上，中国在2005年后反超了美国并进一步上升。这种现象背后隐含的信息非常庞大，正向去看的话，这是由中美之间产业差距造成的，中国借鉴了各国已经成型的先进经验，在信息和通信领域发力形成了跨代竞争的态势。而从负面的角度去看的话，这或许是由于中国对外服务本身就很局限，导致信息和通信异军突起。不过无论如何，信息和通信技术已经被推上了历史舞台，在可见的5-10年内，都将成为国际角力的重要战场。

疫情前直播+市场偏向以面向C端的娱乐属性居多，受疫影响大众改变对于直播认知，从娱乐导向偏转到对商务和教育的认可。