4月，上证综指(+2.09%)， 深证成指(+1.98%)，创业板指 (+2.21%)，国防军工(申万)指数(-2.00%)，中航证券航天产业相关指数走势如下:中航证券航天行业指数(-5.76%)，跑输军工(申万)行业3.76个百分点；中航证券航天防务行业指数(-4.90%),跑输军工(申万)行业2.90 个百分点；中航证券商业航天行业指数(-5.23%),跑输军工(申万)行业3.23个百分点。

低空经济：多领域、跨行业、全链条。低空经济一般是指在垂直高度 1000 米以下、根据实际需要延伸至不超过 3000 米的低空空域范围内，以民用有人驾驶和无人驾驶航空器为载体，以载人、载货及其他作业等多场景低空飞行活动为牵引，带动相关领域融合发展的综合性经济业态。低空经济涉及民用、警用和军用等多个领域，横贯一二三产业，涵盖上中下游整个发展链条，具有“多领域、跨行业、全链条”特点，已不是一个单纯从事民事飞行服务的经济形态，具有较强的综合性。

低空经济政策密集出台，支持节奏与 2017-2018 年智能网联汽车类似。1）顶层政策：低空经济于 2021 年 2 月在中共中央、国务院《国家综合立体交通网规划纲要》中首次被写入国家规划，2023 年 12 月首次被纳入国家战略性新兴产业，低空经济的战略地位被提到前所未有的高度。2）地方 政策：自“低空经济”被写入国家规划以来，多地快速跟进中央政策推动低空经济发展。目前已有深圳、珠海等多地出台明确的产业扶持政策，包括落户奖励、整机研发销售补贴、运营补贴等。3）空域政策：国家层面以空域改革为核心解决低空经济产业发展涉及的空域管理、飞行管制等问题。地方层面深圳经济特区率先推出低空经济专项法规，为低空经济产业发展提供法治保障。

低空经济兴起，离不开低空飞行基础设施的保障。建设低空智能融合基 础设施是高质量发展低空经济的核心和基础，低空飞行基础设施既包括通用机场和各种起降点的物理基础设施，也包括低空飞行通信、导航、监视、气象监测等信息基础设施，以及低空飞行数字化管理服务系统等。今年以来，深圳、安徽、无锡、苏州、沈阳、长沙等地陆续出台了当地的低空经济发展实施规划，均重点提及了基础设施各环节的建设目标。

Compact tractors, generally known as compact utility tractors, are primarily useful for small farms. The compact tractors are designed for small-scale farming requirements. Based on capacity, the compact tractors are categorized into below 30 HP (Horsepower), 30 HP–40 HP, and 40 HP–60 HP. In terms of drive type, the compact tractors market is segmented into two-wheel drive and four-wheel drive. The agricultural sector is the major application area of compact tractors, followed by utility-scale applications.

The airborne pods are an external pod structure primarily fabricated to offer enhanced aerial recognition, identification, communication, targeting, data linking, and self-defensive potentials to an aircraft. High-end airborne pods with a wide range of advanced sensors and laser technologies can operate in extreme weather conditions, which is also one of the prime factors boosting the application of airborne pods in advanced fighter jets, aircraft, unmanned aerial vehicles, and helicopters. The changing modern warfare scenario has forced governments of various countries across the globe to allocate substantial funds and financial aid toward respective defense and military forces. The growing defense expenditure budget indicates the government's emphasis and importance on modernizing the defense sector to meet the mounting need for security, which is one of the major market drivers.

The maintenance, repair, and overhaul (MRO) of an airframe or its component can help businesses maintain their functions for the long term. As a result, aviation manufacturers majorly focus on creating appropriate business processes and infrastructure. Governments of various countries across the globe are highly engaged in massively investing in aviation infrastructure to deliver better MRO services. They also plan to develop the airports as MRO hubs, integrating all the capabilities, facilities, and warehouses in the facility to offer high-quality services to aircraft. Several engine development programs are being adopted, owing to the ever-increasing spending toward aircraft modernization, norms and regulations, and environmental concerns for the retirement of older fleets. Most of the engine manufacturers are robustly focusing on the development of economical and efficient engines for new aircraft fleets. The procurement of advanced aircraft parts is expected to double in the next few years, which will result in the retirement of older planes across the globe. Further, the integration of the Internet of Things (IoT), blockchain, artificial intelligence (AI), and other advanced technologies into aircraft is boosting the need for high-quality maintenance services, which is fueling the airframe maintenance services market.

The maintenance, repair, and overhaul (MRO) services are an essential and unavoidable aspect of every business. A proper MRO of an aircraft or its component can help businesses avoid significant risks to their survival. Thus, aviation industry players majorly focus on creating appropriate business processes and infrastructure to support industry growth. The rising demand for air travel worldwide is encouraging aircraft manufacturers such as Airbus and Boeing to increase their production volumes and offer maintenance services for these aircraft as well. With the constant growth in air traffic, carriers are more liable to maintain the optimum condition of the aircraft so as to extend their life span; otherwise, they would have to procure new aircraft. The cost of procurement of a new aircraft is much higher than the cost of the maintenance of the existing aircraft.

我们复盘 2023 年初至 2024Q1 末船舶制造板块主要标的股价，中国船舶/中船防务（H）/中船防务（A）/中国重工/中国动力/扬子江分别涨幅 66%/46%/25%/34%/33%/40%，大幅跑赢沪深 300，区间最大涨幅分别为 76%/81%/60%/54%/66%/68%,中国船舶和中船防务 H 股赚钱效应更为显著。区间上看，2023H1 受益新船订单和新船造价持续向好，以及 2023 年 11 月至今在新船造价和订单持续高景气的基础上，叠加红海危机情绪加持，板块涨幅显著。

低空经济作为资本市场的新主题，被视为具有巨大潜力的新领域，有望成为今年投资的主线。我国低空经济正迎来快速发展的新阶段。经过长期积累，国家需求明确、政策法规支持加强、供应链完善、技术基础扎实，多条件共振，为低空经济的腾飞创造了有利条件。新领域的投资行情通常经历从初期的普遍上涨到回归理性，再到市场的重新评估和确认，最后可能迎来新一轮的增长。