In vitro toxicity testing is the analysis of the adverse effects of toxic chemical or biological substances on cultured cells. All pharmaceutical, chemical, cosmetic, and food products have to undergo rigorous toxicity testing before they are marketed to ensure safe usage. Toxicity tests are conducted to examine the effect of the product or ingredients on organs or body systems. In vitro toxicity testing uses yeast, bacterial, mammalian or human cell cultures, tissue slices, and subcultures for testing for toxicity, ocular irritation, and skin corrosion/irritation. The Global In Vitro Toxicity Testing market is growing at a rapid rate and is expected to post a CAGR of 15.84 percent during the period 2013-2018. In 2013, the Americas led the market,
followed by the EMEA and APAC regions. The emergence of sophisticated technologies in molecular and cellular biology has encouraged a rapid evolution in life sciences and toxicology. In 2013, the Cosmetic industry accounted for the largest share in the market. However, other end-user segments such as the Pharmaceutical and Food industries are also expected to make significant contributions to the overall market revenue in the near future.

关键词：体外毒性试验；化学或生物；不利影响；培养细胞

查看摘要 索取原文[71页]

Nutraceuticals are products that provide pharmacological and medicinal benefits, in addition to providing nutrition. Nutraceutical ingredients are key functional ingredients of nutraceutical products. These ingredients may be natural bioactive substances or chemical compounds, which help prevent diseases and improve heath. The Global Nutraceutical Ingredients market is expected to witness steady growth with a CAGR of 7.03 percent during the forecast period. In 2013, the APAC region dominated the market, owing to an increase in demand for nutraceutical products from countries such as Japan, China, South Korea, and India. This region was followed by Europe and North America.

关键词：保健品；药物；药用价值；营养

查看摘要 索取原文[72页]

Pain management is a branch of medicine that uses an interdisciplinary approach for reducing pain and improving the quality of life. This approach can be simple or complex, depending on the cause of the pain. Pain management requires special skills and techniques such as interventional procedures, psychological counseling and support, and acupuncture and other alternative therapies. The Global Pain Management Drugs market is growing at a steady rate, especially in developed countries, and is expected to grow at a CAGR of 3.83 percent during the forecast period. Over the last few years, the market has been witnessing new developments and innovations in pain management drugs. In 2013, the Americas generated the highest revenue in the market, followed by the EMEA and APAC regions.

关键词：疼痛管理；介入手术，心理辅导；针灸

查看摘要 索取原文[79页]

《中国经济时报》报道，国家卫计委等部门4月4日联合下发了《关于推进县级公立医院综合改革的意见》（下称《意见》），此次《意见》要求各地应按照2014年县级公立医院综合改革试点覆盖50%以上的县（市），2015年全面推开的时间节点，制定县级公立医院综合改革任务具体分工方案。

关键词：医药行业；要闻综述

查看摘要 索取原文[9页]

报告从医药行业事件分析、竞争环境、竞争对手、行业数据等几个方面进行了分析评论。

关键词：行业事件分析；竞争环境；竞争对手；行业数据

查看摘要 索取原文[20页]

报告从医药行业事件分析、竞争环境、竞争对手、行业数据等几个方面进行了分析评论。

关键词：行业事件分析；竞争环境；竞争对手；行业数据

查看摘要 索取原文[18页]

介绍了W/O/W复乳溶剂蒸发法制备水溶性药物微球的基本步骤及存在问题,重点综述制备工艺的关键影响因素,并在此基础上阐述W/O/W复乳溶剂蒸发法技术的研究进展,提出该法在实际应用中存在的主要问题,并对其发展前景进行展望.

关键词：W/O/W复乳溶剂蒸发法；微球；综述

查看摘要

　　先天性直肠肛门畸形（ARM）常伴随肛门周围肌肉发育异常、神经节和神经丛的减少或缺失，最终影响肠道排便功能，导致术后肛门功能不良，这些改变通常与神经营养因子关系密切[1]。目前研究较多的神经营养因子包括特异性烯醇化酶（NSE）、溶解蛋白-100（S-100）、卡哈尔间质细胞（ICC）、神经细胞黏附因子（NCAM）、原癌基因（RET）和神经细胞衍化亲神经营养因子（GDNF）[2]。其中NSE和S-100可以反映神经节细胞功能；ICC发育异常影响肠道慢波传输功能[3]；NCAM和GDNF对于神经节细胞的发育具有重要意义；RET基因的突变与直肠畸形的发生关系密切[4-5]。本研究旨在通过观察直肠肛门畸形患儿直肠盲端的神经营养因子的表达，了解直肠盲端神经节细胞的分布，以及与新肛门功能之间的关系。

关键词：肛管;直肠;外科手术;神经生长因子类;儿童

查看摘要

目的:观察代文、阿托伐他汀和匹格列酮对高糖培养的大鼠肾脏系膜细胞转化生长因子(TGF)-β1、细胞外基质(ECM)、肾上腺髓质素(AM)和补体因子H(Cfh)表达的影响,并探讨其作用机制.方法:实验分为低糖对照(LG)、高糖对照(HG)、高糖+代文(HD)、高糖+阿托伐他汀(HL)、高糖+匹格列酮(HP)5组,分别用酶联免疫吸附(ELISA)和放射免疫法(RIA)测定细胞上清TGF-β1、纤维连接蛋白(LN)和Ⅳ型胶原的含量,用逆转录聚合酶链反应(RT-PCR)方法测定TGF-β1mRNA、Cfh mRNA以及AM mRNA的表达情况.结果:高糖状态下培养的肾脏系膜细胞应用代文、阿托伐他汀和匹格列酮干预后,细胞上清TGF-β1、LN和Ⅳ型胶原的含量较HG组显著减低(P＜0.01),TGF-β1mRNA、AM mRNA和Cfh mRNA的表达亦较HG组显著减低(P＜0.01).结论:代文、阿托伐他汀和匹格列酮具有一定的肾脏保护作用,其作用机制可能与其抑制TGF-β1的表达有关.药物干预后Cfh和AM的表达也减低,可能与TGF-β1的变化有关.

关键词：糖尿病肾病；肾小球系膜细胞；吡咯类；噻唑烷二酮类；转化生长因子β1；肾上腺髓质素；补体因子H；缬沙坦

查看摘要

目的 探讨妊娠血浆蛋白(PAPP)-A和巨噬细胞抑制因子(MIC)-1对流产的早期预测作用.方法 在孕6～12周采集140例孕妇血清并测定PAPP-A和MIC-1水平,追踪其妊娠结局.观察期内有20例孕妇发生流产(流产组),120例孕妇正常完成妊娠(对照组).比较2组血清PAPP-A和MIC-1水平,采用多元Logistic回归分析流产的影响因素,ROC曲线分析PAPP-A和MIC-1对流产的预测作用.结果 流产组孕6～12周PAPP-A和MIC-1水平低于对照组(P＜0.01).PAPP-A(OR 0.79,95％CI:0.75～0.84)和MIC-1(OR 0.83,95％CI:0.77～0.90)为发生流产的影响因素.PAPP-A(AUC=0.739,P=0.001)与MIC-1 (AUC=0.714,P=0.002)对流产具有较好的诊断效能.结论 妊娠早期PAPP-A和MIC-1水平下降对流产有较好的预测作用,可作为临床早期诊断流产的重要参考指标.

关键词：妊娠相关血浆蛋白A;绒毛膜促性腺激素,β亚单位,人;流产,自然;预测;Logistic模型;ROC曲线;巨噬细胞抑制因子1

查看摘要