Medical lasers have been used in surgical contexts for many decades. In recent years, advances in easy-to-use, compact, and self-contained modules have opened doors for novel or enhanced procedures in ophthalmology, dermatology, dentistry, and neurosurgery to improve patients’ quality of life. Flexible technologies that power and focus on medical lasers have changed the primary purpose of lasers. From being used as a cutting tool, lasers are now used for minimally invasive cleaning and reinvigoration of damaged body areas in the medical field.

Ophthalmoscopes are handheld eye examination equipment used for inspecting the retina and other parts of the eye. Ophthalmoscopes enable direct observation of the retina, a technique known as fundoscopy. They are used to examine the back of the eye, including the optic disk, retinal blood vessels, retina, choroid, and macula. They are prominently used to screen ocular diseases, such as diabetic retinopathy, glaucoma, AMD, retinal detachment, and other retinal disorders. In 1851, the German physiologist Hermann von Helmholtz introduced the first ophthalmoscope.

8 月月度核心观点。近期国内新冠疫情有所反复，但“动态清 零”的政策尚未发生变化。建议继续关注血制品投资机会，建议 关注天坛生物（600161）、派林生物（000403）、华兰生物 （002007），博雅生物（300294）。关注中药配方颗粒市场放量 预期下龙头企业红日药业（300026）和华润三九（000999）的 投资机会。

医药行业：7月板块调整，高估值子板块跌幅较大。医药行业在2022年7月份出现较大幅度的调整：申万医药指数下跌7.50%，跑输沪深 300指数0.48%，涨跌幅在所有申万一级行业中排名靠后。分子板块看，医药商业上涨0.03%，化学制药下跌4.08%，医疗器械下跌6.11%， 中药下跌8.78%，生物制品下跌10.44%，医疗服务下跌11.10%；高估值子版块跌幅较大。

从XBI走势来看，2010年至今曾历经三次回撤，但每次都能迎来更大幅度的上涨，整体最高涨幅超过800%，我们认为创新药整体具备长期成长和周期波动的特点，并有望提供较大回报弹性，看好其市场的发展潜力，维持行业评级：强大于市。从XBI具体标的表现来看，个股差异较大，2010年至今超过100%收益的标的占比仅20%，大部分公司仍然低于发行价格甚至市值归零。此外，目前我国创新药行业也已进入出清阶段，大浪淘沙。

7 月26 日，深圳发改委印发《深圳市促进大健康产业集群高质量发展的若干措施》，其中针对医美行业，一方面“产品+服务”双管齐下，不仅提出支持电子类医美产品（医用激光、光子等）、生物类医美产品（抗衰老药物、肉毒素等），还提出支持医美服务发展（建设国际性、专业化、规范化医美机构，打造医美之都），另一方面则计划通过完善执业标准、成立深圳医美质量控制中心等措施促进行业健康有序发展

Preimplantation Genetic Testing: According to National Center for Biotechnology Information (NCBI), preimplantation genetic testing is defined as the testing of oocytes or embryos at the preimplantation stage for genetic defects. The technique is majorly performed in conjunction with in-vitro fertilization to minimize the risk of passing down inherited conditions. The respective genetic test is performed in the cases where there is a higher risk of passing on the inherited conditions. Some of the common conditions such as single gene diseases, chromosomal rearrangements, and aneuploidies, with the help of techniques such as fluorescence in situ hybridization (FISH), microarray, and next generation sequencing (NGS).

Respiratory masks (RM) are protective devices covering a part of the user’s face. They are designed to protect both the person who wears them and the immediate environment from breathable pollutants (respiratory poisons or bacterial/viral pathogenic organisms). Face masks can be classified as full masks, half, and quarter masks. While a full mask covers the whole face, a half mask fits from under the chin to above the nose, a quarter mask fits from the top of the nose to the top of the chin. The breathing resistance varies proportionally to the density of the mask material used.

In the 1840s, the introduction of ether, a surgical anesthetic, made surgical procedures more common. Initially, general anesthesia was given through a device that covered the nose and mouth of the patient. The concern for aspiration of gastric content was not appreciated, and postoperative pneumonia became a common problem. Trendelenburg (1869) designed the first inflatable cuff, a thin rubber bag that was fitted over the end of a tracheostomy tube. It created a tight seal to prevent aspiration during anesthesia. As an alternate method for tracheostomy, Macewen (1880) suggested passing an oral tube into the trachea to relieve an obstruction. Later, anesthesiologist Franz Kuhn used metal tubes and preferred the oral route over tracheostomy and popularized orotracheal anesthesia.