There is a fundamental conductance ÷ voltage limit in low voltage (<4kT/q) tunnel switching devices that obtain a sharp turn off by relying upon the band edges to abruptly cut off the available density of states.

关键词：低压开关；电导；电压；限制

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Quantum confinement, or reduced dimensionality on each side of a pn junction has the added benefit of significantly increasing the tunnel conductance at the turn-on threshold.

关键词：隧道开关；阈值；pn结维度

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We find that a plot of absolute conductance, I/V versus voltage, V, in an Esaki diode or a backward diode will reveal a best limit for the band tails, defined by the tunneling joint density of states of the two band-edges. This joint density of states will give information about the prospective subthreshold swing voltage that could be expected in a tunneling field effect transistor.

关键词：隧道二极管；反向二极管；频带边缘陡度；电流；电压

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Power systems may operate on several operating conditions including post-fault operating conditions where it is challenging to design a FACTS damping controller that can achieve satisfactory performance over several operating conditions. When the nonlinear power system model is linearized around these operating conditions, a set of linearized state equations can formulate the multi-model system. So in principle the control design for the system with several operating points is to design a common controller for the multi-model system. Basically the output

关键词：光机电；电力系统；柔性交流输电系统

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The Advanced Stirling Radioisotope Generator (ASRG) is a next-generation radioisotope-based power system that is currently being developed as an alternative to the Multi-Mission Radioisotope Thermoelectric Generator (MMRTG). Power sources such as these may be needed for proposed missions to solar system planets and bodies that have challenging Planetary Protection (PP) requirements (e.g. Mars, Europa, Enceladus) that may support NASA s search for life, remnants of past life, and the precursors of life. One concern is that the heat from the ASRG could potentially create a region in which liquid water may occur. As advised by the NASA Planetary Protection Officer, when deploying an ASRG to Mars, the current COSPAR/NASA PP policy should be followed for Category IVc mission. Thus, sterilization processing of the ASRG to achieve bioburden reduction would be essential to meet the Planetary Protection requirements. Due to thermal constraints and associated low temperature limits of elements of the ASRG, vapor hydrogen peroxide (VHP) was suggested as a candidate alternative sterilization process to complement dry heat microbial reduction (DHMR) for the assembled ASRG. The following proposed sterilization plan for the ASRG anticipates a mission Category IVc level of cleanliness. This plan provides a scenario in which VHP is used as the final sterilization process. Keywords: Advanced Stirling Radioisotope Generator (ASRG), Planetary Protection (PP), Vapor hydrogen peroxide (VHP) sterilization.

关键词：光机电；电力系统；先进斯特林放射性同位素发生器（ASRG）；行星保护（PP）

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The high penetration of wind farms in the transmission system causes difficulty for system operation such as voltage fluctuation, optimal system operation. In this study, the voltage fluctuation caused by output variation of wind farms (WF) is considered. In the conventional system, static condensers (SCs) play the role to keep the system voltage in the proper range with load change. Then, generation variation of WFs causes nodal to pass over the upper limit. Thus, the injected capacity of SCs is necessary to control for preventing overvoltage risk passing over the predefined value. The control capacity of SC is determined by loop calculation basing on sensitivity of SCs.

关键词：光机电；电力系统；电压控制；蒙特卡罗模拟

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Aluminum nitride (AlN) Lamb wave resonators (LWRs) utilize piezoelectric transduction to ensure low motional resistance. The resonance frequency of a LWR is defined by interdigital transducer (IDT) pitch and is thus decoupled from the overall device dimensions. This fine frequency selection technique is enabled by adjusting the so-called AlN "overhang" dimension allowing control of relative frequency of Lamb wave resonators in an array to 0.1%. Experimental results suggest the center frequency of LWRs can be linearly adjusted by up to 5% with no significant effect on other resonator parameters includingQ,Rm,C0, andkt2. Closely and evenly spaced AlN Lamb wave resonators, without post-process trimming, demonstrate the potential to realize a pure mechanical, high performance, yet low power RF front-end system.

关键词：精频选择技术；兰姆波；谐振器；谐振器设计；悬挑

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Inter-area oscillations in power systems are triggered by, for example, disturbances such as variation in load demand or the action of voltage regulators due to a short circuit. The primary function of the damping controllers is to minimize the impact of these disturbances on the system within the limited dynamic rating of the actuator devices (excitation systems, FACTS-devices). In H_∞ control term, this is equivalent to designing a controller that minimizes the infinity norm of a chosen mix of closed-loop quantities.

关键词：光机电；电力系统；柔性交流输电系统；线性控制

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This paper presents a study were the Rough Set Theory and Data Mining Technique are applied to the electrical power system. The Data Mining technique classifies the system operation in four possible states: normal, alert, emergency (emergency I and emergency II). The states, that correspond to the normal state can be classified as secure and insecure the remaining ones. In this security studies, the overloads in transmition lines and the violation of the voltage limits are used to classify and rank these contingencies. This technique was applied to the 118IEEE busbar test power network and the results obtained are analyzed. Finally, some conclusions that provide a valuable contribution to the understanding of the power system security analysis are pointed out.

关键词：光机电；电力系统；数据挖掘；粗糙集

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The information technology (IT) world has changed fundamentally and drastically from running software applications on a single computer with a single CPU to now running software as services in distributed and parallel computing environment. Power system operation has been also shifted from being solely based on off-line planning study to more and more real-time market-driven. Facing these challenges, we will discuss in this chapter how to design power system analysis and simulation software to take advantage of the new IT technologies and to meet the real-time application requirements, using the InterPSS project as a concrete example.

关键词：光机电；电力系统；分布式；仿真

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