Direct-to-consumer genetic tests (DTC-GT) offers its consumers the ability to solve their individual genetic puzzle. The confluence of breakthroughs in genetic testing has not only decreased the time required to perform a genetic test but also has reduced the cost of conducting these tests. All these factors combined have given DTC-GT a lot of acceptance among the consumers. The major proponent of the DTC-GT market is the distribution channels opted by the companies. The companies are marketing these tests via online or retail channels. With the piqued advertisements of these tests through print, media, and the internet, the industry is gaining familiarity among consumers. Companies such as 23andme, Mapmygenome, Ancestry.com, EasyDNA, and 24Genetic are offering a large number of diversified services related to genealogy testing, health conditions, and traits. The journey of the DTC-GT initiates by a consumer ordering the test through an online channel. The sample collection kit is provided to the consumers. DNA sample such as saliva or oral swab is collected by the consumer and sent back to the organization for the analysis. Consumers get their test results on their online account within 3-5 weeks.

In its current form, 3D printing is most widely used in product development cycles. The time taken from idea generation to prototyping is vastly reduced by using 3D printing. As parts made through 3D printing are directly produced from software models, design creation and redesign challenges can be surmounted very easily by redesigning and uploading new files to the system. This reduces the costs associated with re-tooling, and trial and error costs are significantly reduced and even eliminated in some cases.

Advancements in R&D labs, especially in pharmaceutical and biotechnological laboratories, are likely to stoke the growth of the market during the forecast period. Growing focus on improving the efficiency of laboratories is also poised to help the market gain tremendous momentum over the coming years. Also, low implementation cost, efficient time management, and compliance with GDP, GCP, and GMP are the key factors escalating the demand for LIMS. Moreover, the rising practice of genome and DNA study and invitro ADME technologies is working in favor of the market. Associated advantages such as high precision and elimination of manual data transcription errors are also anticipated to provide a fillip to the market. Furthermore, the burgeoning popularity of cloud-based systems is projected to positively influence the growth of the overall market.

The global coding & marking market has witnessed significant transformations over the last decade, largely due to various innovations, regulatory standard modifications, growth of end-user industries, integration of automation in production, and the influx of several vendors across geographies, among others. Coding & marking solutions are handy for several reasons such as product tracking & traceability, identification, and tackling counterfeiting, among others. With the growth across end-user industries such as F&B, healthcare, chemicals & construction, electrical & electronics, and automotive, among others, the increase in product proliferation has become common. This has further led to managing a diverse inventory range in the best possible manner. Over the years, the global coding & marking market has undergone various changes, adherence to standards, and other crucial coding terminologies.

科技创新体系是一个整体，其构成的因素有很多，例如主体、基础设施、资源和环境等。通过归纳各类文献，研究美国、英国、日本等国家的做法，通过研究国内的北京、深圳和广州等地区的经验，归纳总结出促进科技创新体系建设的相关经验，即完善促进产业发展的政策体系，实现相关人才的引进和培育，加强科技创新保障制度建设等。