The study defines cancer microbiome as the aggregate of microorganisms living in or on the human body along with their genomes that are influencing cancer manifestation and progression. Cancer microbiome sequencing has increasingly become an area of interest for the research community, which has the potential to revolutionize cancer care, largely due to studies that have significantly correlated the microbiome’s involvement in cancer manifestation. This study aims at deciphering the potential of the cancer microbiome sequencing and its larger role in bolstering the current era of precision medicine.

The agriculture industry is one of the biggest and most revenue-generating industries in the world. The agricultural production by the farmers helps in tackling the global food demand, which is expected to increase with the growing population. Farmers worldwide depend on agricultural production for their livelihood, and increased efficiency in the field would help in the upliftment of farmers and an increased global agricultural production. Farm management software and data analytic solutions can play a significant role in the growth of the global agricultural sector.

Epigenetics modification, including histone modification, DNA methylation, and RNA-mediated processes modification, are key to impact gene expression primarily at the level of transcription; disturbing any of three marks that contribute to epigenetic modification can cause abnormal activation or silencing of genes. However, other steps in the process (for example, translation) may also be regulated epigenetically. The current study aims to assess the global epigenetics market by focusing on products (consumables, instruments, software) catering to end users, including pharmaceutical and biotechnology companies, academic and research institutions, contract research organizations (CROs), and other end users. The current market for epigenetics is majorly dominated by manufacturers and service providers such as Thermo Fisher Scientific Inc, Illumina, Inc, Bio-Rad Laboratories, Inc, PerkinElmer Inc, Agilent Technologies, Inc, F. Hoffmann-La Roche Ltd., Exact Sciences Corporation, Merck Group, Abcam plc., MDxHealth, Pacific Biosciences of California, Inc, QIAGEN N.V., Zymo Research Corporation, Active Motif, and Promega Corporation among others.

The study defines that to accelerate the speed of chemical reactions, biological catalysts are required, particularly when there is a need to catalyze reactions that occur within the body of a living being. Ligases are those biological catalysts that seal the ends of enormous molecules like DNA. These enzymes are broadly utilized in molecular cloning, gene synthesis, next-generation sequencing, and many consequent by-products of DNA biotechnology. These enzymes particularly are also used for rectifying dysfunctions and the absence of DNA ligases in humans, which has a huge potential to revolutionize molecular diagnostics and malignant growth detection.

Biomanufacturing is the process of production of commercially important biomolecules by utilizing biological systems for use in medicines, food and beverage processing, and industrial applications. Natural sources such as blood, cultures of microbes, animal cells, or plant cells are often employed to carry out biomanufacturing. Cells used in the production process can also be derived using genetic engineering techniques.

The extraction of nucleic acids is the starting point in any molecular biology study and is thus considered a crucial process. The first crude extraction of DNA was performed by Friedrich Miescher, a Swiss physician, in 1869. He accidentally purified DNA from the nucleus while investigating proteins from leukocytes and found that the substance's property was fundamentally different from proteins and hence coined the term nuclein. DNA can be extracted from diverse sources, such as fineneedle aspirates of body fluids and biopsy samples; dried blood spots, buccal swabs, and fingerprints; soil, plant, and animal tissue forensic samples; and insects, protozoa, bacteria, and yeast.

Proteomics, also known as the large-scale study of proteins, involves the study of the structure and function of proteins and their interactions in the complex body. A proteome is a set of proteins present in either a cell, tissue, or organism, and its population may differ over time due to differences in gene expression. Proteomics investigates how different proteins interact with each other and the roles that they have within the organism, and assess the activities, modifications, and interactions of proteins within protein complexes to determine their function.