This project is progressing excellently and remains on schedule across research sites as defined by the Statement of Work. From studies completed to date, our major findings are that (a) morphine-induced increases in extracellular dopamine in the Nucleus Accumbens (NAc) shell is suppressed by microinjection of the toll like receptor 4 (TLR4) antagonist LPS-RS into either the NAc or the ventral tegmental area (VTA). Intriguingly, suppression of NAc dopamine in response to cocaine is also observed by NAc or VTA LPS-RS. This is exciting as it challenges the broadly held view that the major effect of cocaine is on dopamine transporters in the VTA. Given this intriguing result, a control study was undertaken to ensure specificity of the results obtained. Specificity was observed since LPS-RS had no effect on dopamine released in response to intra-VTA neurotensin. Multiple additional Aims and SubAims have begun and significant progress anticipated in the coming project period.

关键词：药物滥用；药物成瘾；受体位点（生理学）

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This project final report summarizes a collaborative effort to evaluate the ability of a patented product in which a contact-transfer disinfectant, poly(4-styrene trimethylammonium)(methyl triiodide)(PSTI) is incorporated into an air filter medium to disinfect penetrating bioaerosols. After several false starts a quenching experiment capturing MS2 phage particles filtered through PSTI and captured in thiosulfate solution in an impinger showed that the iodine--aerosol chemistry is slow, and that earlier work based on capture-and-culture methods are blinded by the efficiency of kill by iodine in any aqueous medium. Moderate dependencies of bioaerosol characteristics and stability on environmental conditions and delivery medium were measured and reported. A device and method to achieve reproducible, controlled deposition of viable viral and bacterial aerosol droplets was developed, which created a tool for 'standardized contamination' of test articles that can be used to quantify and compare cleaning and decontamination methods. Alternative approaches to on- the-fly disinfection were developed and tested as possible alternatives to PSTI or another reactive air filtration medium as an enhancement to protectivity of next-generation individual and collective respiratory protective gear--- particularly in potentially infective environments---and HVAC filters.

关键词：空气过滤器；消毒；碘；生物气溶胶

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This issue of Research Showcase features articles on two successful research efforts, one on quiet pavements and the other on the benefits of prismatic sign sheeting, and an article on university transportation center participation in Florida.

关键词：佛罗里达州；降噪；棱柱片材

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Neuroblastoma (NB) is the most common solid tumor in children, which accounts for 15% of all pediatric cancer deaths in the US. New therapeutic antibodies to treat NB are urgently needed to improve survival. The purpose of this project is to produce patient-specific therapeutic antibodies to treat neuroblastoma. The goal is to develop new methods and strategies to capture the auto-immune response reaction in neuroblastoma patients using phage display and B cell hybridoma technologies. The scope of this project is to use NB patient- derived materials to create NB cell lines, xenograft models, NB specific phage display libraries and to identify and amplify functional anti-NB specific antibodies for future therapeutic intent.

关键词：抗体；儿童；神经母细胞瘤

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Contents include: (1) Contingency preparedness: Collect information from transplant centers, build awareness of the Transplant Center Contingency Planning Committee and educate the transplant community about the critical importance of establishing a nationwide contingency response plan; (2) Rapid Identification of Matched Donors: Increase operational efficiencies that accelerate the search process and increase patient access are key to preparedness in a contingency event; (3) Immunogenetic Studies: Increase understanding of the immunologic factors important in HSC transplantation. 4. Clinical Research in Transplantation: Create a platform that facilitates multicenter collaboration and data management.

关键词：医疗服务；辐射损伤；抗原；人员伤亡

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Ultra Compact Combustors offer unique solutions to minimize engine size and weight. They accomplish this by reducing the number of components in the engine core and perform the combustion in a circumferential cavity that encircles the core flow. Within this cavity, the fuel is injected rich. Burning continues to occur in the vane passage beneath the circumferential cavity which must be completed in a controlled manner prior to the inlet plane of the turbine rotor. Furthermore, the temperature distribution at the exit of the vane passage must be controlled to generate high work extraction from the turbine. The primary metrics for comparison are the exit temperature and pressure profiles, the emissions characteristics, and the overall system losses.

关键词：燃烧；燃烧器；发射；发动机零件

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This study has rested on the basic hypothesis that agents given during and shortly after resuscitation can favorably influence the systemic inflammatory response to hemorrhagic shock and injury. This hypothesis has been shown to be true in the animal model. Of possible therapeutic agents possible, three were identified for potential human use. Glutamine was the first to be used in patients. Clinical studies have not supported the use of this agent. Arginine has been successful in the animal model, but has not been used in for this purpose in humans. Clinical studies in the literature are mixed regarding its safety in shock. Allopurinol has been shown in the past to be successful, in animal models, but recent experiments have failed to confirm benefit. Studies were also carried out using alanine-glutamine dipeptide, which has substantial advantages over glutamine. But clinical studies by others have failed to show benefit of this agent. It is used widely in Europe, but the US FDA has not approved it for use, and it is unlikely to become available for US use.

关键词：冲击；创伤和损伤；临床医学；谷氨酰胺

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This report explores the volatility of primary organic aerosol (POA) emitted from light duty gasoline-powered vehicles at atmospherically relevant concentrations using state of the science instrumentation. Existing POA partitioning models were tested through analysis of emissions changes that result from perturbations to the dilution air used during vehicle sampling. Measurements were re-interpreted with the application of new theoretical models that can be extended to regional-scale modeling applications.

关键词：气溶胶；空气污染控制；大气化学

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Prostate cancer (PCa) cells are initially sensitive to hormonal manipulation, and androgen-deprivation therapy (ADT) generally reverses androgen receptor (AR) dependent growth and proliferation. ADT is one of the main treatment modalities in the clinical management of PCa, but ADT is only palliative, and PCa eventually progresses to an androgen-insensitive stage, i.e., castrate-resistant PCa (CRPC), after a median of 12 20 months. Progression to CRPC is a dynamic process that is incompletely understood as yet. Potential mechanisms contributing to the development of CRPC include selective growth of a preexisting hormone-insensitive population of cancer cells as a result of suppression by androgen ablation of the androgen-dependent cell population; activation of oncogenes; inactivation of tumor suppression genes; and interaction between cancer cells and tumor-associated stroma and tumorassociated macrophages. The object of this research project is to investigate the effect of castration on epididymal white adipose tissue (WAT), ventral prostate (VP) tissue, and adipose stromal cells (ASCs) from male Glipr1+/+ (WT) and Glipr1 / (KO) mice. We are testing our hypothesis that the biologic activity of WAT is affected by castration and that although the acute effects of castration (e.g., GLIPR1 induction) may suppress cancer-promoting adipokines, long-term ADT results in monocyte infiltration and the generation of WAT-associated macrophages (WAMs). WAMs, in turn, produce cytokines and promote the growth and survival of growth factor expressing ASCs, which enter the systemic circulation and promote PCa progression. An important note is that the prostate, an androgen target organ, is significantly affected by castration and also produces cytokines and cytokine receptors that may, in concert with WAT-derived cytokines, contribute to the progression of already established local tumors. We also hypothesize that Glipr1/GLIPR1 protein regulates castration-induced WAMs and ASCs.

关键词：前列腺癌；脂肪组织；雄激素；临床医学

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The overall aim of this proposal is to test the clinical effects of a Computer Assisted Decision Support (CADS) System for the management of Type 2 diabetes (T2D) by primary care providers (PCPs). Moreover, the aims are to compare longitudinal patterns of change within and between patients who are managed with the CADS system for differing durations. This comparison will help us to understand the clinical utility of using the CADS system continuously or up to a certain threshold of patient improvement. To achieve these aims, we requested a second year of funding (first year funded through United States Army Medical Research Acquisition Activity USAMRAA), contract number W81XWH-09- 2-0196, for a prospective, cluster, randomized controlled trial (RCT). The ongoing project is a multi-site study including the Walter Reed National military Medical Center, Fort Belvoir Community Hospital (FBCH), and the Kimbrough Ambulatory Care Center. The proposal herein is not duplicative of any current study but rather an extension of the already funded one. A detailed, technical explanation of the software and hardware elements of this study are included in reports for the original CADS study and available upon request.

关键词：计算机应用；决策支持系统；糖尿病

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