The main goal is to develop a PET imaging agent based on modifying the peptidomimetic PSMA inhibitor which will result in improved tumor uptake and clearance mechanism. Different fluorination approaches were attempted with PSMA module compounds such as direct labeling, cupper free chemistry and the use of prosthetic group (SFB). The direct labeling approach has been eliminated as an option due to the instability of the fluorination. As for the cupper free chemistry labeling approach, the final purification step is in progress to provide a final product with higher specific activity (less mass for better imaging). In addition, the production of SFB has been attempted for labeling the module compounds as well and the work is ongoing. Once the labeling approaches are established, and then the labeling of the modified PSMA inhibitor analogues will be investigated in vitro as well as in vivo.

关键词：抗原；诊断（医学）；氟化；前列腺癌

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A mouse model of TBI has been established with behavioral test parameters to evaluate functional deficits. Dietary conditions to generate extreme and moderate n-3 fatty acid depletion in the mouse brain have been established for testing TBI outcome. Significant retardation of spontaneous recovery from TBI-induced motor and cognitive deficits in mice raised on an n-3 deficient diet where brain DHA was depleted by over 70%. Degradation of alpha spectrin, a marker of TBI induced injury, was elevated in the cortex of TBI- inflicted DHA-deficient mice with less NeuN-positive neurons, indicating exacerbated injury in these animals. Moderate depletion of DHA (by 30%) also showed the same trend in behavioral outcome, and biochemical characterization is in progress. Effects of DHA and synaptamide on axon growth have been established in cortical neuron cultures. Software for the isotope assisted mass spectrometric identification of metabolites has been developed which is being applied to DHA-derived metabolites formed by cortical neurons in cultures as well as TBI-inflicted brain homogenates. A nanosymposia presentation and a manuscript have been generated from this project.

关键词：创伤性脑损伤；酸；解剖模型；生物化学

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The main focus of this thesis is to present the idea that QR codes could contribute to a reduction in adverse drug events (ADEs) by increasing the efficacy of the national drug code and storing an electronic health record. This research examines a change in drug coding technology that will decrease the number of ADEs by empowering patients to be more proactive in tracking their current prescription and over-the-counter drugs, and the ADEs associated with them. The main objectives of this research are to demonstrate the benefits of replacing the National Drug Code carrier, discuss how these benefits will decrease ADEs, and associate electronic health records with ADE reduction. Our recommendation to replace the current one-dimensional barcode with a two-dimensional barcode known as Quick Response (QR) code will allow both patient access and drug awareness software application compatibility. This research also provides relevant information to the use of the QR code such as the following: information to be stored, practical hardware devices for patients to access information, and software applications that can contribute to decreased ADEs.

关键词：编码；药物；医疗；档案管理

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We have obtained continuing approval from our Institutional Review Board and Conflict of Interest (COI) Committees. Dr. Sassani has assisted Dr. David Liang and Dr. Esther Bowie in data collection. All observers are masked. Nevertheless, at the request of our COI Committee he does not participate in data analysis or interpretation. We completed testing in 4 volunteers in each of the once daily and 4 times daily, 1 x 10-6 M cohorts; four times daily, 1 x 10-6, 5 x 10- 6, and 1 x 10-5 M dosages of topical Naltrexone in Vigamox eyedrops. Due to a pharmacy error, one additional cohort of 4 individuals was treated at a lower than scheduled dose of 5 X 10-6M and this cohort had to be repeated at the higher dosage of 1 x 10-5M, thereby further delaying the research. No significant untoward side effects were noted in any groups of volunteers. Although this officially is our Final Report, we are committed to completing the terms of our original grant. Therefore, we have recruited our final cohort of volunteers and within one week will have treated them with the four times daily, 5 x 10-5 M Naltrexone dosage. Thus, we will have completed the protocol fully.

关键词：用法用量；眼科疾病；医药

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This research combines behavioral, electrophysiological, and molecular approaches to elucidate the cellular basis for learning impairment in a mouse model for fragile X syndrome (FXS), using olfactory learning as a model system. We hypothesize that FMRP, the protein missing in FXS, participates in two aspects of circuit function that are critical to learning: synaptic plasticity and the generation and survival of new neurons in the adult brain. Efforts in the first year of support were directed to laying the groundwork for the experimental studies of the project, which we expect to complete in years two and three. Colonies of mice with the needed mutations have been established and all of the personnel for the studies are in place and trained. Significant advances have been made in the establishment of behavioral paradigms to test both hippocampal -dependent and - independent forms of olfactory learning. Experimental paradigms have also been refined for the study of neurogenesis in the olfactory bulb, glutamate receptor expression as it relates to olfactory learning in olfactory cortex and hippocampus, and the effects of age on glutamate receptor expression. These studies are likely to advance our understanding of intellectual disability and autism in addition to the specific condition of fragile X syndrome. This knowledge will be necessary for the development of rational strategies for prevention and treatment of cognitive impairments from a variety of causes.

关键词：电；海马；神经细胞；解剖模型

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It has been suggested that PHSCN inhibits metastatic invasion by forming a covalent, disulfide bond with a cysteine residue on the beta1 ( 1) subunit of alpha5 beta1 ( 5 1) integrin1. However, these studies were performed with purified 51 integrin, which also produces evidence of covalent bond formation with the 5 subunit (tandem mass spectroscopy data not shown). Hence, the specificity of the reported interaction between PHSCN and the 1 subunit1 is suspect. Moreover, the cysteine rich 1 subunit can heterodimerize with 12 distinct alpha integrin subunits2, forming integrins that function in many pathways. In contrast, the 5 subunit interacts uniquely with the 1 subunit2 to induce invasion and support adhesion3-5; hence it is a much more desirable target.

关键词：乳腺癌；转移；共价键；半胱氨酸

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The high-resolution breast camera under development for this project consists of many detector modules formed by coupling pairs of high resolution scintillation crystal arrays to position sensitive avalanche photodiodes (PSAPDs). These LYSO crystal arrays contain 64 1mm3 crystal elements. The modules are organized in cartridges built out of 8 layers of 16 modules each. During this funding cycle two cartridges were constructed and operated in coincidence. Intrinsic spatial resolution was determined to be 0.85 mm. Software was written to perform calibration of the subsystem consisting of 512 PSAPDs. A global energy resolution of 10.62 +/ 0.04% FWHM ( at 511 keV) was obtained. Reportable outcomes include 2 peer reviewed publications, 2 abstracts submitted to the IEEE NSS-MIC conference, and 3 conference proceedings articles.

关键词：雪崩光电二极管；乳腺癌；相机

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This chapter is divided into 5 main sections. The first part is an introduction to the process of patient consultations, and how the process of these consultations can be redesigned to make it work more effectively with a range of technologies and devices. We provide some guidelines for providers to enable them to focus their direct services on more important tasks than routine work, which can often be done using a range of technologies. The second part reviews a number of technologies that are changing the way we communicate whether in our daily lives or in our healthcare practices, particularly smartphones, tablets and a range of medical devices intended for use at home. The third part is designed to focus on synchronous or real-time Telepsychiatry, which encompasses live and interactive communication between the patient and the provider for diagnosis, analysis, and data collection. The fourth part reviews Asynchronous or Store & Forward Telepsychiatry, a clinical process that we have pioneered and which we believe will become very common in future. Asynchronous medicine is the transmission of medical information from the patient to the provider, or vice versa, over a distance, with a review of the information later on. The information is literally "stored and forwarded" and viewed asynchronously. This is similar to sending a lab test result or an x-ray image to the doctor who then reviews the results whenever they have time available to provide suggestions or treatment. The final section will focus on the future, and in particular on the use of virtual reality in mental health.

关键词：临床护理；医药；心理健康

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This translational epidemiologic study conducted online aims to confirm preclinical data on the chemopreventive potential of chloroquine (aminoquinoline), a well-characterized anti-malarial drug. Exposure to chloroquine, an off-patent anti-malarial drug with a 60-year history of use by millions, reduces the incidence of breast cancer in genetically programmed rats by 37%. About 65% of Peace Corps volunteers received chloroquine prophylactically between 1965 and 1990. Therefore, we will collect chloroquine exposure, breast cancer risk, and breast cancer diagnosis data from returned volunteers who served during this period through an online application. We will characterize participants into chloroquine exposed and unexposed groups, based on country of service and self-reported exposure status. The cost and time efficiencies afforded by this study design will allow the translation of preclinical data on breast cancer chemoprevention into public health and potentially promote the repositioning of a well-characterized and inexpensive drug.

关键词：乳腺癌；氯喹；体内分析；大鼠

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Medical data are intrinsically context-dependent, and cannot be properly interpreted outside of their specific contexts. Therefore, data analysis, especially, secondary data analysis, such as data mining, must incorporate contextual information. This chapter discusses the need for an explicit context representation in medical data mining. It focuses on five contextual dimensions: goal orientation, interdependency of data, time sensitivity, source validity, and absent value semantics. It demonstrates context-dependent modeling based on examples of clinical data used for screening, diagnosis, and research of a serious respiratory disorder, obstructive sleep apnea (OSA). In particular, the chapter describes context-dependent interpretation for three OSA risk factors: large neck circumference, snoring, and smoking. Furthermore, it presents a conceptual framework for representation of the contextual information. This framework is based on a semiotic approach to represent multiple interpretations of data and a fuzzy-logic approach to represent vagueness of data.

关键词：医疗数据；医药；上下文

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