In this paper, we apply a Hidden Markov Model (HMM) to analyze time-series personal health checkup data. HMM is widely used for data having continuation and extensibility such as time-series health checkup data. Therefore, using HMM as probabilistic model to model the health checkup data is considered to be suitable, and HMM can express the process of health condition changes of a person. In this paper, a HMM with six states placed in a 2×3 matrix was prepared. We collected training features including the time-series health checkup data. Each feature consists of eight inspection parameters such as BMI, SBP, and TG. The HMM was then built using the training features. In the experiments, we built five HMMs for different gender and age conditions (e.g. male 50's) using thousands of training feature vectors, respectively. Investigating the HMMs we found that the HMMs can model three health risk levels. The models can also represent health transitions or changes, indicating the possibility of estimating the risk of lifestyle-related diseases.

关键词：公共卫生信息学;个人健康记录;隐马尔科夫模型;卫生检查;数据挖掘;大数据

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The Electrical Impedance Scanning (EIS) Breast Cancer Study focuses on evaluating a new technology, electrical impedance scanning (EIS), as a tool for identifying women; who, because of breast tissue changes, are also at elevated risk of developing breast cancer, and who, thereby, would benefit from increased surveillance and the initiation of early breast imaging. The specific aim of this effort is to develop a finally Bayesian Belief Network (BBN) classification model to estimate the interval risk of malignancy and pre- malignancy in young women. A selected wound outcomes dataset, including cytokine and chemokine data will be analyzed to construct a series of predictive models. These models were cross-validated for statistical significance and interpreted for clinical significance.

关键词：活检;乳腺癌;乳房密度;临床医学;密度;检测;电阻抗;电阻抗扫描,图像;损伤;乳腺

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No abstract available.

关键词：诊断(医学),症状和体征;链球菌;创伤性脑损伤;阿富汗冲突;武器(解剖);人口;医疗疏散

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Visible and near-infrared light interact via absorption and scattering with biomolecules, and a number of diagnostic tools based upon these interactions have been developed to indicate pathophysiological states and normal and diseased tissue. Additionally, the cyclic nature of these absorption or scattering events, such as those arising from cardiovascular or pulmonary physiology, has recently been shown to indicate trauma and cardiovascular status. The most commonly encountered diffuse optical technique is pulse oximetry, a form of photoplethysmography (PPG), where the distinct absorption behavior of oxygenation and non-oxygenation hemoglobin molecules forms a basis for determining arterial blood O2 saturation levels (SpO2). New analysis algorithms have shown that PPG can be used to indicate a variety of physiological conditions beyond hypoxic hypoxemia (i.e., low SpO2) including noncompressible hemorrhage, a condition notoriously difficult to diagnose without CT or MRI capabilities, and cardiac output, a variable difficult to measure in real time noninvasively. With support from the FY12 Biomedical Initiative Line, we embarked on a size, weight, and power (SWaP) analysis of PPG sensors, and collaborated with Professors Ki Chon and Yitzhak Mendelson from Worcester Polytechnic Institute to build a prototype ultra-low SWaP sensor. This report gives background and motivation for why PPG sensing is an important physiological modality, and details on the SWaP analysis and prototype development.

关键词：吸收,血,心输出量;探测器;诊断(医学);心;出血;光,光吸收;体积描记法;

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Polycystic kidney disease (PKD), the most common life threatening genetic disease and affects approximately 1:400 people in the US including significant numbers of Active Duty Military personnel, Veterans and their beneficiaries. In PKD, the affected renal epithelia form cysts, eventually destroying renal architecture and function, leading to chronic kidney disease and end stage renal disease as well as pain, bleeding and infection of the cysts. Despite identification of the genetic mutations and remarkable advances in understanding the pathophysiology of PKD, there is currently no specific therapy for PKD. The present research examines the innovative translational therapy of intravenous administration of adult renal tubule cells containing the wild type (normal) PKD genes in experimental PKD (the PCK rat model). The aim is to replace abnormal renal epithelia while avoiding the morbidity and mortality of surgery. Expansion of cells in vitro will also extend the utility of organs available for transplant. Data obtained to date demonstrate markedly lower renal cyst volume and fibrosis and better kidney function with cell transplantation. These results are the basis for an additional funding application (PR130268) to extend the present studies, ultimately to prevent or treat kidney failure in humans. The results will also be presented at the Annual Meeting of the American Society of Nephrology in November, 2013.

关键词：异常;体系结构;肝纤维化;基因;基因疾病;出血;传染病;肾脏疾病;死亡率;病理生理学;移植

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The United States Air Force School of Aerospace Medicine's Consultative Services Division (USAFSAM/OEC) was asked by HQ ACC/SGXH to evaluate the TVA-1000B toxic vapor analyzer due to the fact that its life cycle as standard Air Force Bioenvironmental Engineering equipment is projected to end in 2014. The primary purpose of the TVA-1000B is to provide a quick screening tool for detection of a wide variety of toxic industrial chemicals/materials, while at the same time giving a good approximation of the quantity of contaminant present. USAFSAM was asked to determine whether a commercial off-the-shelf (COTS) solution exists that could better detect and quantify a broader range of chemicals than the TVA-1000B. USAFSAM conducted an exhaustive literature review to answer this question. Based on this review, there do not seem to be enough significant advantages in existing COTS portable gas and vapor monitoring instruments to justify replacing the TVA-1000B at this time.

关键词：检测;设备现代化;火焰电离;气体;产业;红外光谱;生命周期;文献调查;监视器

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Rising prescribed medicine costs and trends associated with those increases are an area of particular interest to U.S. policymakers and consumers of health care. Analyzing trends in total prescription drug costs by therapeutic subclasses for certain subpopulations provides decision makers and the public with a clearer understanding of current circumstances with respect to medicine use and expenses, and what to expect in the future. This Statistical Brief provides trends for three therapeutic subclasses of prescribed drugs for the population under age 40anti-diabetics, anti-hypertensives, and statinsall of which treat conditions often associated with aging and older populations. This Brief presents trends in utilization and expenditures for outpatient prescription anti-diabetics, anti-hypertensives, and statins for persons under age 40 in the U.S. civilian noninstitutionalized population for the years 2000 and 2010.

关键词：处方药;医疗利用率;支出;门诊;糖尿病;高血压,高胆固醇,统计数据;人口;消费者;趋势;卫生筹资

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Our objective was to enable an end-user to create complex queries to drug information sources through functional composition, by creating sequences of functions from application program interfaces (API) to drug terminologies. The development of a functional composition model seeks to link functions from two distinct APIs. An ontology was developed using Protege to model the functions of the RxNorm and NDF-RT APIs by describing the semantics of their input and output. A set of rules were developed to define the interoperable conditions for functional composition. The operational definition of interoperability between function pairs is established by executing the rules on the ontology. We illustrate that the functional composition model supports common use cases, including checking interactions for RxNorm drugs and deploying allergy lists defined in reference to drug properties in NDF-RT. This model supports the RxMix application , an application we developed for enabling complex queries to the RxNorm and NDF-RT APIs.

关键词：NDF-RT;应用程序编程接口;web服务组合;复杂查询

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The purpose of this project is to characterize the breast cancer in women affected with Neurofibromatosis type 1 (NF1) in a multi-institutional setting. The first aim is to assess the incidence of breast cancer in this cohort and the clinical features of NF1 associated with breast cancer. The second aim is to investigate any characteristic NF1 gene germline mutations in women with breast cancer and to carry out whole exome sequencing to search for other germline mutations. For the third aim, at tumor tissue level, we plan to characterize the selected signaling pathway on archived breast cancer tissue from women with NF1 utilizing immunohistochemistry (IHC) methods. At the somatic level, we plan to study loss of heterozygosity (LOH) of the NF1 gene using ion semiconductor sequencing and MLPA copy number analysis. We also plan to sequence 30 other breast cancer genes on the breast cancer specimens. By the end of May, 2013, a total of 242 cases of NF1 women have been reviewed. Eleven women have had a diagnosis of breast cancer. Statistical analysis was conducted. The presence of plexiform neurofibroma has a trend to be inversely related to the occurrence of breast cancer, however, it has not reached statistical significance (p=0.083). A family history of cancer is associated with a personal history of breast cancer (p=0.000119). No other clinical features or family histories were found to be associated with the occurrence of breast cancer. To date, germline NF1 mutations has been investigated in 10 women with breast cancer. No significant pattern of mutation has been discovered. Nine breast cancer specimens have been collected and are ready to be analyzed. We are expected to review up to 450 cases of women with NF1 and collect another 5 archived breast cancer specimens. The analyses listed in the above aims are to be completed once the final cases have been reviewed and the specimens have been collected.

关键词：乳腺癌;临床医学;基因;家庭(人类);组织化学、免疫化学;乳腺;突变;肿瘤;周围神经病变

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The purpose of this study was to describe career performance outcomes after combat blast injury and to examine the relationship between the injury severity and type of military discharge. A retrospective cohort study of 4,255 male servicemembers injured in a combat blast as a part of Operation Iraqi Freedom was completed. In the total sample, 37.8experienced a normal discharge and 8.3had an early discharge. Of the 2,229 members who had a discharge code, 29.8experienced a disability discharge. Both early attrition and disability discharge proportions were higher in those with posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD) than in those without PTSD. There was a significant interaction between PTSD and injury severity in the discharge disability outcome. In those without PTSD, there was a dose-response relationship between injury severity and disability discharge. In those with PTSD, injury severity predicted disability discharge. The relationship between injury severity and disability discharge was less striking in servicemembers with PTSD than without PTSD. The effect of PTSD and injury severity on career performance outcomes after blast injuries should be factored into outcome planning.

关键词：爆炸;军人创伤后应激障碍;诊断(医学);男性;心理健康;冲击波伤

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