The Coordinating Research Council, Inc. (CRC) is a non-profit corporation supported by the petroleum and automotive equipment industries. CRC operates through research committees made up of technical experts from industry and government who voluntarily participate. The four main areas of research within CRC are: air pollution (atmospheric and engineering studies); aviation fuels, lubricants, and equipment performance; heavy-duty vehicle fuels, lubricants, and equipment performance (e.g., diesel trucks); and light-duty vehicle fuels, lubricants, and equipment performance (e.g., passenger cars). CRC’s function is to provide the mechanism for joint research conducted by the two industries that will help in determining an optimum combination of petroleum products and mobility equipment. CRC’s work is limited to research that is mutually beneficial to the two industries involved. Final reports and data are made available to the public.

关键词：汽车；天然气汽车；燃料使用

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On March 5, 2013, a 39-year old male volunteer fire fighter was struck and killed by an enclosed car hauler with trailer (used to haul luxury vehicles) on an interstate highway. The fire department was operating at the scene of a multiple vehicle crash when a fire department pumper, a fire department utility vehicle, and an Illinois State Police vehicle were struck by a car hauler. The fire department was preparing to clear the original incident when this incident occurred. Utility 105 (fire department utility vehicle) was initially positioned approximately 1/2 - 3/4 mile from the incident blocking the left lane of the interstate. The Incident Commander radioed Utility 105 to move behind the state police vehicle. The car hauler was approaching the scene in the left lane and failed to stop for the initial incident. The victim was leaning against the rear passenger seat on the driver's side of Utility 105 with the door open. Members of the fire department were in the median of the interstate and witnessed the car hauler approaching the crash scene at a rate of speed that was excessive for road conditions. Realizing the car hauler was not going to be able to stop, members yelled for everyone to get out of the way of the car hauler. The victim moved away from the utility vehicle. He was struck by the car hauler and pushed onto the shoulder of the interstate. After striking the victim and the utility vehicle, the car hauler struck the state police vehicle and then struck Engine 102. After the crash scene was secured, the Incident Commander initiated a personnel accountability report. Utility 105 was located in the median between a trailer from the initial crash and the car hauler. The victim was located by a state trooper and was unresponsive. Despite receiving cardiopulmonary resuscitation (CPR) and basic life support (BLS) at the scene, and advanced life support (ALS) in the ambulance and in the local hospital's emergency department, the victim died.

关键词：汽车；志愿消防员；连环碰撞

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We generate high-purity correlated and entangled photon- pairs at the telecom wavelengths in a cooled 10-meter highly nonlinear fiber (HNLF). In our previous project (contract no: FA8750-12-1-0136), we were able to generate correlated/entangled photon-pair using the highly nonlinear fiber in a counter-propagating scheme (CPS). With the HNLF at room temperature, we obtain coincidence-to-accidental ratio (CAR) approximately 26-30 and two-photon interference with visibility approximately 92%-93%. This is the best performance compared to the reported results in the literature on HNLF and Photonic Crystal Fiber (PCF) at telecom wavelengths. Unlike the PCF or microstructure fiber, the HNLF can be cooled at liquid nitrogen temperatures (77K) to suppress Raman photons. By cooling the HNLF, we expect to obtain a CAR approximately 130 and two-photon interference with visibility > 98%. We will verify the non-local behavior of high-purity HNLF-based entangled photon-pairs by making Bell's Inequalities measurements. We investigate the effect of multiple scattering on the telecom wavelength photon-pair. Our findings show that quantum correlation of polarization-entangled photon-pairs is better preserved than polarization-correlated photon-pairs in multiple scattering processes.

关键词：汽车；光子源；晶体纤维

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Fast and accurate segmentation of the facial feature regions is of great significance to research on objectification of complexion diagnosis.In this paper,we used the active appearance model (AAM) system to accurately locate 68 key points,and segmented the face region simultaneously.According to the Chinese medicine complexion-viscera principle,five face regions representing the five internal organs were segmented by using 68 key points.Experiments have shown that this method was efficient and fast for facial feature region segmentation,and laid a foundation for further research of objectification of complexion diagnosis.

关键词：肤色诊断；中国传统医药；区域分割；主动外观模型；医药

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This report presents results from the 2012 National Occupanst Protection Use Survey (NOPUS) Controlled Inter-section Study. NOPUS is the only nationwide probability-based occupant restraint use survey. The National Center for Statistics and Analysis of the National Highway Traffic Safety Administration conducts this survey annually. The 2012 NOPUS found that male seat belt use increased significantly (up to 84 percent in 2012 from 81 percent in 2011) and that female seat belt use increased significantly (up to 88 percent in 2012 from 86 percent in 2011). Seat belt use among occupants age 25-69 years old increased significantly (up to 87 percent in 2012 from 84 percent in 2011). Restraint use for children in vans and SUVs decreased significantly down to 94 percent in 2012 from 97 percent in 2011. Seat belt use in rear seats stood at 75 percent in 2012.

关键词：汽车；限制使用；交通安全

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Type 2 diabetes is a chronic disease with gradual deterioration in glucose metabolism, which causes multiple systemic complications. Postprandial hyperglycemia is a concern in the management of type 2 diabetes. Of all the available antidiabetic therapeutic methods, inhibition of α-glucosidase and α-amylase is postulated to be a preventive treatment. Many natural products and herbal medicines have been recommended as being beneficial for mitigation of postprandial hyperglycemia. In this review, recent discoveries of α-glucosidase and α-amylase inhibitors from edible plants are described along with their chemical structures. Their inhibition mechanisms, the type of each glu-cosidase and amylase, and measurement methods for the inhibitory activity are also given. Finally, recent progress on low glycemic index foods incorporated with plants containing starch hydrolase inhibitors is summarized.

关键词：医药；糖尿病；葡萄糖代谢；全身性并发症

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Quantification and evaluation of palpation is a growing field of research in medicine and engineering. A newly developed tri-axial touch sensor has been designed to capture a multi-dimensional profile of touch-loaded forces. We have developed a data visualization tool as a first step in simplifying interpretation of touch for assessing hands-on clinical performance.

关键词：医药；传感器；临床乳房检查；触觉；数据可视化

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Injectable load-bearing calcium phosphate scaffolds are synthesized using rod-like mannitol grains as porogen. These degradable injectable strong porous scaffolds, prepared by calcium phosphate cement, could represent a valid solution to achieve adequate porosity requirements while providing adequate support in load-bearing applications. The proposed process for preparing porous injectable scaffolds is as quick and versatile as conventional technologies. Using this method, porous CDHA-based calcium phosphate scaffolds with macropores sizes ranging from 70 to 300 μm, micropores ranging from 5 to 30μm, and 30% open macroporosity were prepared. The setting time of the prepared scaffolds was 15 minutes. Also their compressive strength and e-modulus, 4.9 MPa and 400 MPa, respectively, were comparable with those of the cancellous bone. Finally, the bioactivity of the scaffolds was confirmed by cell growth with cytoplasmic extensions in the scaffolds in culture, demonstrating that the scaffold has a potential for MSC seeding and growth architecture. This combination of an interconnected macroporous structure with pore size suitable for the promotion of cell seeding and proliferation, plus adequate mechanical features, represents a porous scaffold which is a promising candidate for bone tissue engineering.

关键词：磷酸钙支架；医药；致孔剂；微观组织

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There is a growing burden of chronic non-communicable disease (CNCD). Managing CNCDs requires use of multiple sources of health and social care data, and information about coordination and outcomes. Many people with CNCDs have multimorbidity. Problems with data quality exacerbate challenges in measuring quality and health outcomes especially where there is multimorbidity. We have developed an ontolog-ical toolkit to support research and quality improvement studies in CNCDs using heterogeneous data, with diabetes melli-tus as an exemplar. International experts held a workshop meeting, with follow up discussions and consensus building exercise. We generated conceptual statements about problems with a CNCD that ontologies might support, and a generic reference model. There were varying degrees of consensus. We propose a set of tools, and a four step method: (1) Identification and specification of data sources; (2) Conceptualisation of semantic meaning; (3) How available routine data can be used as a measure of the process or outcome of care; (4) Formalisation and validation of the final ontology.

关键词：医药；分类；医学信息；慢性病管理；本体

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A theoretical study on the impact of using a wake-up radio architecture in terms of energy consumption is proposed. The main objective is to reduce the overall energy consumption of a home multimedia networks. The energy consumed by the proposed wake-up radio architecture is compared to a classical WiFi architecture, for an ad-hoc scenario. The sleep time has an important role to compare the dissipated energy. This study demonstrates that the longer the sleep time the better the energy saved is obtained by the wake-up architecture.

关键词：节能；唤醒射频；无线电传感网络

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