Meningococcal disease describes the spectrum of infections caused by Neisseria meningiditis, including meningitdis, bacteremia, and bacteremic pneumonia. Two quadrivalent meningococcal polysaccharide-protein conjugate vaccines that provide protection against meningococcal serogroups A, C, W, and Y (MenACWY-D (Menactra, manufactured by Sanofi Pasteur, Inc., Swiftwater, Pennsylvania) and MenACWY-CRM (Menveo, manufactured by Novartis Vaccines, Cambridge, Massachusetts)) are licensed in the United States for use among persons aged 2 through 55 years. MenACWY-D also is licensed for use among infants and toddlers aged 9 through 23 months. Quadrivalent meningococcal polysaccharide vaccine (MPSV4 (Menommune, manufactured by sanofi pasteur, Inc., Swiftwater, Pennsylvania)) is the only vaccine licensed for use among persons aged > or = 56 years. A bivalent meningococcal polysaccharide protein conjugate vaccine that provides protection against meningococcal serogroups C and Y along with Haemophilus influenzae type b (Hib) (Hib-MenCY-TT (MenHibrix, manufactured by GlaxoSmithKline Biologicals, Rixensart, Belgium)) is licensed for use in children aged 6 weeks through 18 months. This report compiles and summarizes all recommendations from CDCfs Advisory Committee on Immunization Practices (ACIP) regarding prevention and control of meningococcal disease in the United States, specifically the changes in the recommendations published since 2005 (CDC. Prevention and control of meningococcal disease: recommendations of the Advisory Committee on Immunization Practices (ACIP). MMWR 2005;54(No. RR-7)). As a comprehensive summary of previously published recommendations, this report does not contain any new recommendations; it is intended for use by clinicians as a resource. ACIP recommends routine vaccination with a quadrivalent meningococcal conjugate vaccine (MenACWY) for adolescents aged 11 or 12 years, with a booster dose at age 16 years. ACIP also recommends routine vaccination for persons at increased risk for meningococcal disease (i.e., persons who have persistent complement component deficiencies, persons who have anatomic or functional asplenia, microbiologists who routinely are exposed to isolates of N. meningitidis, military recruits, and persons who travel to or reside in areas in which meningococcal disease is hyperendemic or epidemic).

关键词：脑膜炎；流行病学；预防；传染病；医药

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The goals of the first year/phase of the DOD funded research, GW080059, have been accomplished. We successfully gained IRB and administrative regulatory approval, created our databases, instruments, and tested our procedures on mock volunteers which consisted of SurveyMonkey, the acupuncturists; initiated our advertising and most recently, our participant recruitment. The initial year of funding was spent primarily in extensive human subject review boards by NESA's contracted IRB, the New England Research Institute (NEIRB); IRB review for our biomarker collection and analysis through the Human Subjects Program Office of the Beth Israel Deaconess Hospital (BIDMC IRB); and the United States Army Medical Research and Materiel Command (USAMRMC IRB). All final approvals were granted this past month (July 2010), therefore advertising and recruitment has just begun. Upon completion of this project we should have important clinical information that will illustrate our outcome to increase the quality of life for veterans.

关键词：曝光（生理学）；针灸；千兆剂；医药

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This educational case study document is one in a series of self-instructional modules designed to increase the primary care providers knowledge of hazardous substances in the environment and to promote the adoption of medical practices that aid in the evaluation and care of potentially exposed patients.

关键词：毒性；砷；环境医学；癌症；医药

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In this paper,based on Kalman filtering algorithm,a method of target vehicle motion state radar estimation with radar(or lidar) is presented.The state equations is established based on rigid plane dynamics theory,and then with a Kalman filter to do radar data processing,the position,velocity and acceleration of the target vehicle can be estimated at the same time,so that to cover the shortage that acceleration information can not be gained with radar system.Through simulation and field tests it is verified that the detection accuracy of position and velocity of target vehicle is increasing,and the acceleration of target vehicle can be estimated effectively and accurately.

关键词：汽车；目标车辆；滤波算法

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Emergency contraception can be used by women after sexual intercourse in an effort to prevent an unintended pregnancy. Roughly one-half of all pregnancies in the United States are unintended. The FDA first approved emergency contraceptive pills in 1998, but there is evidence of limited use of hormonal contraceptives for emergency contraception since the 1960s. Now, there are at least four brands of emergency contraceptive pills; most are available over the counter for women aged 17 and over. Although insertion of a copper intrauterine device can be used for emergency contraception, this report focuses only on emergency contraceptive pills. This report describes trends and variation in the use of emergency contraception and reasons for use among sexually experienced women aged 15-44 using the 2006-2010 National Survey of Family Growth.

关键词：生育控制；紧急情况；妇女；医疗服务；医药

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EPA's Office of Research and Development (ORD) requested the Science Advisory Board (SAB) to conduct a peer review of EPA's draft Integrated Risk Information System (IRIS) assessment, entitled Toxicological Review of Libby Amphibole Asbestos (August 2011). The draft document is the first IRIS assessment specific to Libby Amphibole asbestos (LAA), a term used to refer to the mixture of amphibole mineral fibers identified in the Rainy Creek complex near Libby, Montana. The SAB was asked to comment on the scientific soundness of the hazard and dose-response assessment of LAA-induced cancer and non-cancer health effects.

关键词：毒性；角闪石；石棉；癌；致癌物；医药

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A global route planning method for intelligent vehicle is presented here based on the comparison,selection and development of classic figure search algorithms.In addition,the effects of traffic signs in road network are also be considered in the method,so to insure that any traffic laws such as steering or passing through is violated.With the testing results,the method in the paper can decide an effective(or shortest distance) and legitimate global route for intelligent vehicle's driving guide,and the algorithm is running efficiently enough to meet the real time need when it should work temporarily during vehicle driving.

关键词：汽车；智能汽车；路线规划

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With the fast advance of communication technologies,there is an increasing demand of efficient operations in low-power roaming environment.Several protocols came into being successively,yet for special requirements in automobile roaming system such as low consumption,high performance and convenience,these protocols cannot achieve a proper balance between security and efficiency since these protocols pay more attention to a common network environment.In order to go out from the embarrassing situation,we commit to provide a secure and effective mutual authentication mechanism for automobile roaming scenario.Our protocol employs elliptic curve cryptography system to reduce computational and communicational cost.Moreover,we also take into account common attacks and give corresponding resist measures to ensure security.In summary,our protocol is suitable for automobile roaming scenario since it provides user's anonymity,mutual authentication and is more efficient.

关键词：汽车；汽车漫游系统；密钥协议

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Urban traffic control is not only a real-time control system but also random,non-line ar,uncertainty complex system; the article discusses the use of PLC (programmable logic controlle r) control technology and fuzzy control method for traffic signal control system and how to complete the complex traffic control by using communications link technology between comp uters and application of fuzzy control theory,make vehicle and road navigation to realize intelligent.

关键词：汽车；交通自动化；计算机视觉

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Vehicle power train plays an important role to develop the energy efficient and reduce fuel consumption.In this paper,the drive train fuzzy controller structure and the fuzzy logic control strategies of parallel hybrid vehicles is presented.Simulation results illustrate the potential of the proposed controller and control strategy in terms of fuel economy and in keeping the deviations of SOC at a low level.

关键词：汽车；混合动力；控制策略

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