关键词：汽车；电动汽车；传输齿轮

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This report presents nationally representative estimates and trends for infertility and impaired fecundity-two measures of fertility problems among women aged 15-44 in the United States. Data are also presented on a measure of infertility among men aged 15-44. Data for this report come primarily from the 2006-2010 National Survey of Family Growth (NSFG), which consisted of 22,682 interviews with men and women aged 1544, conducted from June 2006 through June 2010. The response rate for women in the 2006-2010 NSFG was 78 percent, and for men was 75 percent. Selected trends are shown based on prior NSFG years. The percentage of married women aged 15-44 who were infertile fell from 8.5 percent in 1982 (2.4 million women) to 6.0 percent (1.5 million) in 2006-2010. Impaired fecundity among married women aged 15-44 increased from 11 percent in 1982 to 15 percent in 2002, but decreased to 12 percent in 2006-2010. Among all women, 11 percent had impaired fecundity in 2006-2010. Both infertility and impaired fecundity remain closely associated with age for nulliparous women. Among married, nulliparous women aged 35-44, the percentage infertile declined from 44 percent in 1982 to 27 percent in 2006-2010, reflecting greater delays in childbearing over this period. Among married women in 20062010, non-Hispanic black women were more likely to be infertile than non-Hispanic white women. Some form of infertility (either subfertility or nonsurgical sterility) was reported by 9.4% of men aged 15-44 and 12% of men aged 25-44 in 2006-2010, similar to levels seen in 2002.

关键词：不孕不育；繁殖力；公众健康；医药

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Research increasingly confirms that marijuana use is harmful. Acute symptoms of marijuana intoxication include impaired short-term memory, attention, judgment, and cognitive function, as well as increased heart rate.

关键词：滥用药物；药物治疗方案；医药

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Anti-estrogen drugs such as tamoxifen have become widely used to treat patients with estrogen-receptor positive tumors.

关键词：乳腺癌；蛋白质；结晶；雌激素；一样

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Estimating the post-mortem interval (PMI) is difficult due to the many factors that influence the decomposition process. Tissues such as nails, teeth and bones are more resilient to environmental factors. Measuring the rate of degradation of nucleic acids in these tissues could provide a method for estimating the PMI for longer time intervals, from days and weeks, through to months and years. These time intervals have not been studied before in a systematic manner using human tissues. Our initial focus has been on nails. Nails are hard tissues, relatively easy to sample and until now, have been under-utilized as a tissue that has forensic value. We have investigated the stability of nucleic acids in nails to determine if both DNA and RNA can be co-extracted in levels suitable for PCR analysis. Furthermore, multiple nail samples can be taken from the same individual so that measuring changes in nucleic acid degradation can be undertaken where there are a minimal number of external variables so that the nucleic acid degradation is a more likely representation of the PMI. Using different methods for extracting DNA and RNA from nails, we have found that by modifying the Promega DNA IQ method, both DNA and RNA are efficiently extracted. This modified method has been implemented into operational forensic casework at ESR and nails are now being utilized in more human identification cases. We have developed multiplex PCR assays to measure the rate of degradation of messenger RNA (mRNA), ribosomal RNA (rRNA) and DNA. Using nails placed in different environmental conditions (air, soil and water), we have found that nails are protected from other environmental factors and that nucleic acids (both DNA and RNA) can be amplified from samples left submerged in water or placed in soil for 120 days (1043 accumulated degree days). Nails from human cadavers have been collected, and the DNA and RNA co-extracted. Using our multiplex PCR assays, we have shown that DNA and RNA can be co-extracted from cadaver nails with a PMI up to 20,925 ADDs. Using statistical analyses, some of the nucleic acid amplified fragments (from DNA and mRNA) look promising to use for deriving a statistical model for estimating the PMI.

关键词：人类遗骸；验尸间隔（PMI）；脱氧核酸（DNA）；医药

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In this study, I have performed a genome-wide screen for gene-gene interactions which cause sensitivity to DNA damage in the yeast Saccharomyces cerevisiae in an attempt to identify genetic factors which cause predisposition to breast cancer.

关键词：乳腺癌；化疗药物；脱氧核糖核酸；医药

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关键词：毒理学；二异丁醚；骨髓细胞；医药

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Data collection is currently underway and preliminary findings from the first subjects to complete the study are encouraging. Overall, our preliminary data on cognition, emotion, subjective and objective sleep quality suggest that six weeks of morning Bright Blue Light therapy versus comparable Amber Light Placebo are supporting our initial hypotheses. Furthermore, initial comparisons using functional magnetic resonance imaging tasks also suggest that the Bright Blue Light condition was effective in altering brain responses during demanding attention and concentration tasks, whereas such changes were not evident in the Amber Light Placebo condition. While data are too limited to draw conclusions, these initial findings point toward some beneficial effects of the active treatment in reducing daytime sleepiness and sleep-related functional impairments, improving objective sleep quantity, and showing clinically significant improvements in several neuropsychological domains, as well as affecting functional brain responses.

关键词：脑；数据收集；磁共振成像；医药

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Fatigue due to sleep loss has been shown to lessen cognitive performance, slow visual recognition, and impair mathematical reasoning. This is especially of concern in the aviation community, as both civil and military aviation operations often impose excess fatigue, and pilots are required to execute various complex activities and react to potential emergencies at any time during a flight. A prevalent fatigue countermeasure is the use of caffeine as a stimulant. Caffeine is commonly found in coffee, soft drinks, tea, gum, supplements, and energy drinks. Multiple studies have demonstrated the effectiveness of caffeine to increase alertness and improve cognitive performance in sleep-deprived individuals. Energy drinks contain caffeine and sugar, similar to a soft drink, but there are additional nonregulated ingredients that may be present. Manufacturers claim that the energy drinks can improve physical endurance and cognitive performance, but some health experts believe that any noticeable improvement is derived solely from the caffeine and sugar components. The purpose of this study was to lay the groundwork for investigating whether the additional components found in a common energy beverage will provide a higher degree of subjective and objective alertness in a fatigued individual over that provided by similar doses of caffeine and sugar alone. The study employed a double-blind, repeated measure design. Eight subjects were given subjective and objective cognitive testing prior to consuming Red Bull or coffee and 30 minutes after consuming the beverages in two sessions held 2 weeks apart. Data were analyzed using paired samples t-tests. The battery of tests given to the research participants demonstrated that both coffee and Red Bull have the ability to improve alertness in fatigued individuals. However, Red Bull had no statistically greater effects on objective cognitive performance in acutely fatigued individuals when compared to a control with the same amount of.

关键词：能源；疲劳；睡眠不足；医药

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Our objective is to utilize de identified database constructed from the world-wide Military Electronic medical record for datasets (constructed for clinical purposes and not research) specific to patients with Crohn's disease (CD) and acute pancreatitis (AP). Using the collected data we will develop Bayesian Network (BN) models to predict outcomes in CD and AP (death, surgeries, hospitalizations, etc). Once our model is developed we hope to apply our model at an outside institution, specifically University of Pittsburgh Medical Center (UPMC) who will be conducting a similar experiment, testing our model on their EMR.

关键词：临床医学；消化系统；卫生；传染病；医药

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