Interventional spine procedures are used to treat painful spinal conditions. Interventional treatment options are often more efficient and effective than traditional therapy for spinal (back and neck) pain. The new techniques are excellent minimally invasive alternatives to conventional surgery. Lumbar disc disease, sacroiliac joint, and degenerative lumbar facet joint pain account for nearly 70% of the cases of lower back pain. Osteoporosis is a common disease characterized by low back pain and deterioration of bone tissue, which makes the bone fragile and susceptible to fracture. Osteoporosis is also the primary cause of vertebral compression fractures (VCFs) in senior citizens. Vertebral collapse is caused by many complications, particularly osteoporosis, metastatic disease, and hemangiomas. VCFs cause impaired mobility, severe acute and chronic pain, and reduced quality of life. Herniated disc diseases, at times, lead to poor appetite and cardiopulmonary function and increase the risk of mortality. Degenerative disc disease is more common in the older population, and around 25% of post-menopausal women suffer from it during their lifetime. 70%-80% of vertebral fractures occur near the thoracolumbar region. Worldwide, an estimated 750,000 people have been affected by VCFs annually. The prevalence of low back pain increases with age, and an estimated 40% of women aged above 80 are affected.

Human Immunodeficiency Virus (HIV) rapid test kits are used for the detection of HIV antibodies present in the human body. The test is usually performed with the help of a small sample of blood through a fingerstick or syringe needle or a sample of oral fluid. The HIV rapid tests provide results within a few minutes, thereby eliminating the need for a longer waiting period.

A human vaccine is a biological preparation that is used to stimulate the production of antibodies and provide active acquired immunity against a specific disease. Vaccines are made of small quantities of weak or dead pathogens, such as viruses, bacteria, and toxins, that can cause diseases. There are two types of vaccines, prophylactic vaccines and therapeutic vaccines. Prophylactic vaccines are given to prevent future infections in individuals and involve the introduction of antigens in the body. The aim of prophylactic vaccines is to create antibodies in an individual body for those antigens and make the individual immune to the associated disease. Therapeutic vaccines are designed to aid an individual body to fight against the associated diseases the individual already has and can be used for several different health threats, including cancer and HIV infection. The difference between therapeutic and prophylactic vaccines is that therapeutic vaccines trigger the body immune system to attack the antigen and the cancerous cells that produce it, which helps to strengthen an existing immune response in an individual body containing the infection.

Gluten-free beer can be described as a beer that is devoid of any gluten (a protein primarily found in wheat, barley, and rye). The gluten-free beer market forms only a minor part of the overall global gluten-free food and beverages market. However, the market has grown significantly over the past five years due to an increase in demand among consumers with celiac disease. Gluten-free beers are manufactured predominantly from ingredients like sorghum, buckwheat, rice millet, corn, and Kebari barley. However, in recent years, companies like Dohler and Koninklijke DSM have come up with innovative techniques to brew gluten-free beer using regular ingredients, such as barley and wheat.

The term gastroparesis refers to stomach paralysis. It is a functional condition that affects the muscles and nerves in the stomach. It leads to weaker and slower stomach muscular contractions, which are necessary for the digestion and passage of digested food through the intestines. As a result, food stays in the stomach for a long time. Thus, gastroparesis drugs, which include metoclopramide (Reglan), erythromycin, and others, are used to treat gastroparesis.

Galacto-oligosaccharides are nutritional, non-digestible food ingredients with prebiotic properties. These are commonly extracted from cow milk. Galacto-oligosaccharides are widely known to encourage the growth of beneficial bacteria. These act as an ingredient of infant formulas and supplementary diets as these help achieve better digestive health.

Geopolymers are inorganic materials that form long-range, covalently bonded, non-crystalline (amorphous) networks. They are usually ceramic and alumino-silicate. Commercially produced geopolymers have a variety of uses, including new binders for fire-resistant fiber composites, high-temperature ceramics, medical applications, encapsulating radioactive and toxic waste, and creating cement for concrete.

Glutamic acid is an amino acid that is used by almost all living things in the biosynthesis of proteins. It is a non-essential nutrient for humans, which means the body can produce enough to meet its requirements. It is also the most abundant excitatory neurotransmitter in vertebrate nervous systems.

A face wash, also known as a facial cleanser, is a product used for cleaning the face. It typically comes in the form of a gel, foam, or liquid and is specifically formulated to remove dirt, oil, makeup, and other impurities from the skin's surface. Face washes are designed to be mild and gentle, helping to cleanse the skin without stripping it of its natural oils or causing irritation.

Fatty acids are organic compounds that serve as critical building blocks of lipids and play essential roles in energy storage, cellular structure, and metabolic processes. They consist of a hydrocarbon chain with a carboxylic acid group at one end. Fatty acids can be saturated or unsaturated, depending on the presence of double bonds in their hydrocarbon chain. Fatty acids serve as crucial components in several end-user industries, such as food, cosmetics, detergents, surfactants, biodiesel, and pharmaceuticals.