固态电池产业化持续推进。8 月以来，1）政策端，工信部发布《电子信息 制造业 2025－2026 年稳增长行动方案》支持全固态电池技术方向基础 研究；2）材料端，赣锋锂业硫化锂实现批量出货、天齐锂业 50 吨硫化 锂项目动工；3）电池端，珠海冠宇半固态电池量产出货、清陶能源预 中标半固态电池储能项目，亿纬锂能 10Ah 全固态电池下线；4）应用端，大众汽车 9 月 8 日首次发布固态电池测试车，该车型搭载 QuantumScape 电池技术。固态电池产业化持续推进，关注产业链相关公司【厦钨新能】、【天奈科技】、【容百科技】、【当升科技】以及设备环节相关企业。

中美欧作为全球GDP最高的三大经济体，发电量也位居全球前三，2024年中美欧发电量分别达到10.1/4.4/2.7万亿kwh，分别占全球总发电量33%/14%/9%，合计占全球总发电量的56%。随着能源转型推进，中美欧各自的发电结构发生了显著变化，煤电、天然气等化石能源占比不断下降，风电、光伏等可再生能源占比快速增长。

板块整体业绩表现承压，25Q2 盈利环比改善。2025H1 板块共实现营收 16755.54 亿元，同比增加 3.49%，归母净利润 861.47 亿元，同比增加 16.04%。 2025Q2 板块共实现营收 9206.13 亿元，同比增长 5.22%，环比增长 21.95%， 实现归母净利润 495.89 亿元，同比增加 26.97%，环比增加 35.64%。2025H1，板块毛利率均值为 19.50%，同比减少 1.88Pcts，净利率均值为 1.91%，同比下降 1.91Pcts。2025Q2，板块毛利率均值为 19.56%，同比减少 1.24Pcts，环比增加 0.45 Pcts，净利率均值为 2.34%，同比下降 0.78Pcts，环比增加 2.73 Pcts。

铜箔是PCB的关键原料，高端品包括RTF、HVLP、可剥离铜箔。高端 PCB 铜箔是指应用于高频高速电路等高端印制电路板（PCB）的高性能 铜箔材料，其特点是低信号损耗、高平整度、超薄 / 超厚规格、优异的导热导电性及与基板的高相容性，是制造覆铜板（CCL）和 PCB 的关 键原材料，直接影响电路的信号传输效率、可靠性及功率承载能力。

在 AI+新能源方面，发电测会带来电力交易软件需求的增长，功率预测软件渗透率的提升，以及运营监控软件和并网控制系统的普及；在电网测预计促进电网“四可”的智能化改造，以及智能电网投资额的增长；在用户侧，我们预计虚拟电厂、智能微网的需求快速放量。

盈利拐点已现，供需优化助推复苏。1H25，53家样本公司合计实现归母净利润401亿元，同比+36%，2Q25实现归母净利215亿元，同比+21%，环比+16%，业绩复苏。电池、负极及结构件盈利稳健，正极迎来修复。行业整体资本开支持续收缩，供给扩张趋于理性，库存周转效率提升，叠加Q3排产环比增长（预计电 池/正极等环节环比+6%~10%），供需结构优化将助推盈利持续回升，建议关注电池与材料环节领先企业。

新能源板块分化明显，风电表现亮眼。2025H1新能源板块实现收入7297亿元，同减3%，实现归母净利润110亿元，同减46%；2025Q2收入4115亿元，同比0%，环增29%，归母净利润60亿元，同降8%，环增23%。其中光伏板块2025H1营收4348亿元，同减14%，归母净利润 -71亿元，同减276%；2025Q2营收2396亿元，同减12%，环增23%，归母净利润-36亿元，同减48%，环减2%。风电板块2025H1营收1558亿元，同减32%，归母净利润91亿元，同增20%；2025Q2营收945亿元，同增34%，环增54%，归母净利润55亿元，同增21%，环增52%。

The global virtual power plant market was sized near USD 1,852.9 million in 2023 in terms of value. A Virtual Power Plant (VPP) is an advanced energy management system that aggregates, optimizes, and controls distributed energy resources (DERs) such as solar panels, wind turbines, battery storage systems, and demand-response units. The Virtual Power Plant (VPP) market is witnessing unique trends, including the integration of blockchain-based peer-to-peer (P2P) energy trading, and AI-driven predictive analytics for dynamic load balancing. Additionally, vehicle-to-grid (V2G) technology is gaining traction, allowing electric vehicles to contribute to grid stability and energy trading. Leading players in the market include Schneider Electric, Tesla, ABB, Siemens, and others. Companies in the Virtual Power Plant (VPP) market are adopting strategic partnerships, AI-driven energy management, and decentralized grid solutions to enhance efficiency. They are also investing in demand response programs, blockchain-based energy trading, and advanced energy storage integration to optimize distributed energy resources and strengthen grid resilience in real-time. The Virtual Power Plant (VPP) market faces challenges such as real-time energy forecasting inaccuracies, and data ownership disputes among energy providers. These may be resolved by enhancing AI-driven predictive analytics for accurate demand-supply forecasting, implementing clear regulatory frameworks, and establishing transparent data-sharing agreements to ensure seamless operations

The market by value in this report is defined as the revenues that enterprises gain from goods and/or services sold within the specified market and geography. • Values in this market are ‘factory gate’ values, that is the value of goods sold by the manufacturers or creators of the goods, whether to other entities (including downstream manufacturers, wholesalers, distributors and retailers) or directly to end customers. The value of goods in this market includes related services sold by the creators of the goods

锂电：先惠技术与清陶能源深化合作，共促固态电池发展。富临精工经营端符合预期，正极材料盈利有望持续提升。当升科技业绩环比高增。湖南裕能 Q2 环比高增。锂电 产业链 25 年有望出现供需拐点，行业进入 2-3 年上行周期。展望未来两年，业绩、估值均有提升可能性，属于中线布局较好板块。推荐【宁德时代】【亿纬锂能】；材料建议关注【湖南裕能】【万润新能】【尚太科技】【中科电气】；看好锂电新技术方向固态电池的主题行情，建议关注固态电池相关公司【厦钨新能】【宏工科技】【纳科若尔】【国轩高科】【星源材质】【容百科技】。