Ostomy refers to a surgically made opening (stoma) in the body for the excretion of waste products such as stools, mucus, and urine from the intestines or urinary bladder externally.

关键词：造口术；体内外科手术；开口；废物排泄

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Obesity has a multifactorial etiology. Although obesity is widespread and associated with serious health hazards, its effective prevention and treatment have been challenging. Among the currently available treatment approaches, lifestyle modification to induce a negative energy balance holds a particularly larger appeal due to its wider reach and relative safety. However, long-term compliance with dietary modifications to reduce energy intake is not effective for the majority. The role of many individual nutrients, foods, and food groups in inducing satiety has been extensively studied. Based on this evidence, we have developed sample weight-loss meal plans that include multiple satiating foods, which may collectively augment the satiating properties of a meal. Compared to a typical American diet, these meal plans are considerably lower in energy density and probably more satiating. A diet that exploits the satiating properties of multiple foods may help increase long-term dietary compliance and consequentially enhance weight loss.

关键词：肥胖；饮食调整；能量密度；饱腹感

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Health and wellness foods are specially formulated to provide health or functional benefit s to consumers or to address a health concern or disease. The health and wellness food category is distinct from, but related to, other product categories such as functional foods, conditionspecific nutrition supplements, medical foods, and the FDA-defined categories of foods for special dietary use.

关键词：健康；保健食品；专门制定；提供；健康；功能

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社会办医的政策渐趋阳光化。股权合作模式多地试行，但政策仍不确定。自建民营高端医院，做好长期投资准备。医疗服务业处于政策甜蜜期。

关键词：社会办医；政策；阳光化；股权合作模式；医疗服务业

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医疗治疗类设备和医院系统集成领域的行业领导企业。县级医院建设前景看好。“医疗平台模式”带动业务快速发展。

关键词：医疗治疗类；设备；医院系统集成；医疗平台模式

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一个国家的医保控费模式主要由该国家的医疗费用支出结构决定，而决定医疗费用支出结构的是该国家实行的医疗体制，以及在此基础上确立的各个参与主体对医疗服务和药品价格的主导权。不同的医疗体制下，医疗费用支出的结构不同，反映在医疗市场中各参与主体的市场地位不同。不同的医疗费用支出结构决定着医保控费的方式。医疗费用支出占比高的一方一般在医疗体制中占据主导优势，对医疗服务的价格和药品价格具备较强的控制能力。

关键词：医保控费；医疗体制；支付份额；主导权

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关键词：卫生粘合；剂粘合；卫生用品；无纺布剂/化学品；结构稳定性

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CAP reviews are one element of the OIGs efforts to ensure that our Nations veterans receive high quality VA health care services. The objective of the CAP review is to conduct recurring evaluations of selected health care facility operations, focusing on patient care administration and QM. The review covered facility operations for FY 2011 and FY 2012 through August 16, 2012, and was done in accordance with OIG standard operating procedures for CAP reviews. We also asked the facility to provide us with their current status on the recommendations we made in our previous CAP report (Combined Assessment Program Review of the VA Southern Oregon Rehabilitation Center and Clinics, White City, Oregon, Report No. 11-00032-213, July 7, 2011). Additionally, we surveyed employees regarding patient safety and quality of care at the facility. An electronic survey was made available to all facility employees, and 138 responded. We shared survey results with facility managers. In this report, we make recommendations for improvement. Recommendations pertain to issues that are significant enough to be monitored by the OIG until corrective actions are implemented.

关键词：康复技术；医疗服务

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Posttraumatic osteoarthritis affects approximately 5.6 million Americans annually. Those affected are typically younger and more active than persons with primary osteoarthritis. Arthrodesis is the typical management option for persons with end-stage ankle and subtalar posttraumatic arthritis. Arthroplasty is typically reserved for elderly persons. The functional limitations resulting from any of these strategies make treatment of this young population challenging. Combat wounds frequently lead to severe lower extremity injuries. We present a series of patients with severe posttraumatic osteoarthritis of the ankle and subtalar joint after combat trauma. They were treated at our institution with an integrated orthotic and rehabilitation initiative called the Return To Run clinical pathway. This clinical pathway may serve as an alternative or adjunct to arthrodesis and arthroplasty for young patients with severe posttraumatic osteoarthritis of the ankle and subtalar joint.

关键词：康复计划；后骨关节炎

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The Global Intravenous Solutions market has been experiencing steady growth for the past few years. Most of the growth in the global market in 2013 stems from the Americas and the EMEA region, and both of these regions together account for approximately 90 percent of the market share. The APAC region is expected to grow at a faster pace owing to the rapid adoption of intravenous solutions and the increasing awareness among the global population about benefits offered by intravenous solutions. The overall market is expected to grow at a CAGR of 7.88 percent during the forecast period.

关键词：静脉内疗法；药物；营养物；最快路线

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