NORC at the University of Chicago is pleased to submit this final report for Assessing the Status and Prospects of State and Local Health Department Information Technology Infrastructure, a project of the Assistant Secretary for Planning and Evaluation (ASPE) at the United States Department of Health and Human Services. NORC and ASPE worked in close partnership with the National Association of County and City Health Officials (NACCHO) and the Association of State and Territorial Health Officials (ASTHO). This report describes how state health agencies (SHAs) and local health departments (LHDs) use information technology systems to capture, manage, analyze, and report information. We assess trends in use of information technology (IT) among SHAs and LHDs following the Health Information Technology for Economic and Clinical Health (HITECH) Act of 2009, the Patient Protection and Affordable Care Act (ACA) of 2010, recent work in public health informatics, and other factors. This project assumes that IT tools and resources should play a role in governmental public health practice. However, we also assume that rigorous assessments of public health goals should motivate IT projects and that stakeholders should design and implement IT in direct service of those goals.

关键词：信息系统；公共卫生；临床医学；医药

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Fraud is an illegal activity that is intentional and uses misrepresentation for financial gain. Fraud can be of various types, such as fraudulent transactions (both online and offline), inaccurate credit applications, identity thefts, and false insurance claims. Some of the major victims of fraud are credit card companies, insurance companies, retail merchants, telecom service providers, and business-to-business suppliers. Fraud analytics analyzes stored data and gathered information and converts them to actionable insights, which help detect fraud and enable necessary action to be taken.

关键词：欺诈行为；故意和歪曲；财务收益；欺诈性交易；身份盗窃；虚假保险索赔

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关键词：印度；社会；腐败；常态

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Businesses in Saudi Arabia, including those in the healthcare sector, are currently adopting advanced technologies and IT integration solutions to run their companies smoothly and increase revenue.

关键词：沙特阿拉伯；医疗保健；市场分析

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A great number of people in India lack access to good health care. I worked on two connected projects which each attempt to address this problem. The former project, called the Indian Health Kiosk project, involved building health "kiosks" in India which sought to provide low-cost health care to people in rural India. This project was terminated after six months due to unforeseen circumstances, leaving my team to create a new project.Our second project attempted to systematically evaluate the effectiveness of projects which attempt to provide health care in India. For this project, called Health Solutions Assessment, we designed a simulation of India which can be used to model health care solutions. The simulation generates a population representing India, applies the effects of a solution to that population, and analyzes the results. It can be tuned and evaluated in its own right using data about previous healthcare solutions to predict the impact of new healthcare solutions. This analysis can be used to identify whether proposed solutions are worth investing in, and this information can be shared publicly to provide a platform for potential investors to learn about and discuss various proposed solutions.

关键词：卫生保健；有效性评估；解决方案

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IT systems improve the quality and efficiency of the services delivered in the Healthcare industry. Despite increased investment in IT systems resulting in the high cost of healthcare services for patients, healthcare providers are encouraged to invest in IT because of its inherent benefits.

关键词：美国；医疗卫生；信息技术

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Th e U.S. Department of Health and Human Services, Health Resources and Services Administration (HRSA) supports healthy women building healthy communities. HRSA is charged with ensuring access to quality health care through a network of communitybased health centers, maternal and child health programs, and community HIV/AIDS programs throughout the States and U.S. jurisdictions. In addition, HRSAs mission includes supporting individuals pursuing careers in medicine, nursing, and many other health disciplines. HRSA fulfills these responsibilities, in part, by collecting and analyzing timely, topical information that identifies health priorities and trends that can be addressed through program interventions and capacity building. HRSA is pleased to present Womens Health USA 2012, the eleventh edition of the Womens Health USA data book.

关键词：女性健康;;社会因素;文化因素;人口;种族;少数民族;预防健康;生活质量;诊断;治疗;行为;健康状况

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In 2012, the number of international tourist arrivals worldwide was projected to reach a new high of 1 billion arrivals, a 48% increase from 674 million arrivals in 2000. International travel also is increasing among U.S. residents. In 2009,U.S. residents made approximately 61 million trips outside the country, a 5% increase from 1999. Travel-related morbidity can occur during or after travel. Worldwide, 8% of travelers from industrialized to developing countries report becoming ill enough to seek health care during or after travel. Travelers have contributed to the global spread of infectious diseases, including novel and emerging pathogens. Therefore, surveillance of travel-related morbidity is an essential component of global public health surveillance and will be of greater importance as international travel increases worldwide.

关键词：传染病;疾病监测;旅游;人口;发展中国家;诊断(医学);医疗保险;健康状况;国际合作;发病率;死亡率;公共卫生;病原菌;跟踪

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A condom is a barrier method commonly used during sexual intercourse, which reduces the chances of pregnancy and the spread of STDs and AIDS. Condoms are also widely recommended in the prevention of STIs. Female condoms have a smaller failure rate in terms of a method of birth control, if used correctly. They also have minimal side effects and offer protection against STDs. Female condoms are primarily made from latex, PU, and nitrile.

关键词：女性；避孕套；障碍；减少；性病；艾滋病

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Premature and congenitally ill infants are born as a result of advanced maternal age, induced fertility, labor treatments, poor prenatal care, and lifestyle preferences such as smoking, drinking, and obesity.

关键词：胎儿；新生儿；护理

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