当前中国电信从两个维度开展“划分小核算单元”工作，一是经营单元维度，主要指划小经营主体，激励经营单元自觉自愿地加快发展和管迎提升，实现“自驱动解决”恕不想干“的动力问题：二是管理单元维度，即投资、运维等经营管理的各个环节，主要通过明确每个环节资源动因、经营策略、提升手段，给各经营管理单元提供相应的方法和标准，帮助经营管理单元解决”怎么干好“的能力问题。”划分小单元“就是从基本单元开始，将核算颗粒细化至最基层单位与员工，实现公司的精细化管理，激发基层一线的经营活力，根据其产出效益合理配置资源，实现收入提升和降低成本，达到企业和员工双赢。

关键词：互联网时代；电信市场；营销创新

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Software bugs are inevitable in software-defined networking control software, and troubleshooting is a tedious, time-consuming task. In this thesis we discuss how to improve control software troubleshooting by presenting a technique for automatically identifying a minimal sequence of inputs responsible for triggering a given bug, without making assumptions about the language or instrumentation of the software under test. We apply our technique to five open source SDN control platforms—Floodlight, NOX, POX, Pyretic, ONOS—and illustrate how the minimal causal sequences our system found aided the troubleshooting process.

关键词：SDN控制软件；因果序列；软件缺陷；网络控制软件

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自我国“走出去”战略实施以来，我国电信运营企业对外投资的步伐明显加快，越来越多的中国企业开始走出国门。在新的国际国内形势下，我国电信运营企业应基于自身实际情况，充分考虑各方面因素，进一步完善国际网络资源，提升网络质量，积极探索更加合理的海外运营模式。

关键词：国际网络布局；电信业；“走出去”战略

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关键词：信息披露;信息不对称

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Purpose: To develop a robust and rapid imaging technique for hyperpolarized 13C MR Spectroscopic Imaging (MRSI) and investigate its performance. Methods: A concentric rings readout trajectory with constant angular velocity is proposed for hyperpolarized 13C spectroscopic imaging and its properties are analyzed. Quantitative analysis of design tradeoffs are presented for several imaging scenarios in terms of resolution, spectral bandwidth, acquisition time and SNR efficiency. Analysis comparing parallel imaging accelerated Cartesian sampling and concentric rings in terms of reconstruction noise amplification are also presented. Finally, the first application on 13C phantoms and in vivo animal hyperpolarized 13C MRSI studies were performed to demonstrate the feasibility of the proposed method. results: The concentric rings MRSI trajectory has the advantages of acquisition timesaving compared to echo-planar spectroscopic imaging (EPSI), and robustness to system timing delay and eddy currents compared to spiral MRSI. It provides a sufficient spectral bandwidth with a relatively high SNR efficiency compared to EPSI and spiral techniques. It will also be beneficial for parallel imaging by reducing noise amplificiation. Conclusion: The concentric rings trajectory is a robust and rapid imaging technique that fits very well with the speed, bandwidth, and resolution requirements of hyperpolarized 13C MRSI.

关键词：光谱成像；同心圆K-space轨道

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We present a cost-efficient and reproducible technique for assembling 3D components to mechanically bendable low glass transition temperature (Tg) polymeric interposers. First, we propose localized soldering using a focused hot air gun. Second, we use eutectic solders, which permit reflow at temperatures close to the Tg of the interposer. Then, we adopt differential heating and cooling in order to enable rapid heat dissipation through the interposer during soldering. Furthermore, we apply a metal jig as a load to maintain contact between the interposer and the 3D component during soldering. Also, the jig serves as a shield to protect the interposer surface outside the soldering zone from thermal loading, and more importantly as a passive heat sink. We showcase our approach by manufacturing a test vehicle on a polyethylene terephthalate (PET) interposer having a Tg of 71 deg. C. We solder a 30 mA DC current SMD LED by means of a eutectic compound of 48 w. % Sn and 52 w. % In at 118 deg. C.

关键词：共晶焊接；低Tg聚合物

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据第六次全国人口普查的数据，全国总人口规模约为13.39亿，60岁及以上人口占13.26%，比2000年人口普查上升了2.93个百分点，我国老龄化趋势正在加快。据新华网调查显示，14.3%的老年人不用手机，39.3%的老年人使用普通手机或子女的旧机，46.4%的老年人表示正在使用老人手机。而根据第31次《中国互联网络发展状况统计报告》，40岁以上各年龄段人群的网民占比均有不同程度的提升，尤其是60岁以上的老年人占比由2011年的0.7%增长至2012年的1.8%，增速超过一倍。由此可以测算到：全国超过半成老人存在购买或者更新手机（淘汰不符合老年人生理特征的旧手机）的需求，且约有1.74亿老年群体尚未接触网络（总人口×60岁以上老年人占比×60岁以上尚未接触网络老年人占比），随着老年化程度的加快，该数字还将继续上升。因此，对于电信行业来说，面对趋于饱和的中青年市场，老年市场仍然处于原始状态，如果营销方法得当，老年消费群体将成为整个行业扩大市场份额的重要来源。

关键词：电信行业；老年市场；社交营销

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We study a corpus of 100 years of newspaper articles to see if we can nd evidence to support the popular intuition that as news cycles have sped up the public's attention span has gotten shorter. We nd no such evidence: to the contrary, we find that the typical length of time that a person's name stays in the news has not changed over time, and celebrities now stay in the news for longer than ever before. We also investigate a new kind of community on Twitter called a group chat, where members have regular meetings to discuss a broad range of topics, from medical conditions to hobbies. We find that the phenomenon is growing over time, and paint a broad picture of the topics which one could find a group chat to discuss. With a view to helping connect new participants to group chats they may not have been able to nd or might not have been aware of, we design an algorithm to rank group chats in the context of a topic given as a query.

关键词：电报;Twitter

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Recently, quantitative versions of the Gibbard-Satterthwaite theorem were proven for k = 3 alternatives by Friedgut, Kalai, Keller and Nisan and for neutral functions on k  4 alternatives by Isaksson, Kindler and Mossel.We prove a quantitative version of the Gibbard-Satterthwaite theorem for general social choice func-tions for any number k>=3 of alternatives. In particular we show that for a social choice function f on k>=3 alternatives and n voters, which is "-far from the family of nonmanipulable functions, a uniformly chosen voter pro le is manipulable with probability at least inverse polynomial in n, k.Removing the neutrality assumption of previous theorems is important for multiple reasons. For one, it is known that there is a con ict between anonymity and neutrality, and since most common voting rules are anonymous, they cannot always be neutral. Second, virtual elections are used in many applications in arti cial intelligence, where there are often restrictions on the outcome of the election, and so neutrality is not a natural assumption in these situations.Ours is a uni ed proof which in particular covers all previous cases established before. The proof crucially uses reverse hypercontractivity in addition to several ideas from the two previous proofs. Much of the work is devoted to understanding functions of a single voter, and in particular we also prove a quantitative Gibbard-Satterthwaite theorem for one voter.

关键词：萨特思韦特定理；

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关键词：4G；中国联通；“暗度陈仓”

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