Basal-like breast cancers (BLBCs) generally become resistant to cytotoxic agents and resistance has been attributed to the presence of tumor initiating cancer stem cells (CSCs). Furthermore, LRP6/Wnt appears to play a crucial role in BLBC and CSC progression, and may represent an excellent therapeutic target. We have previously described that TRA-8, a monoclonal antibody specific to death receptor 5, kills both the CSCs and non-CSC population of BLBCs. This study examined two questions: whether niclosamide (an FDA approved antihelminthic, that inhibits Wnt/ -catenin signaling) is cytotoxic to BLBCs and its CSC population; and whether niclosamide in combination with TRA-8 produces synergistic cytotoxicity. We characterized non- adherent tumorsphere enriched (NATE) cells as a CSC enriched population from BLBC cell lines. Both Adherent and NATE cells from 2LMP, SUM159, HCC1187, HCC1143 cell lines and patient pleural effusion samples showed that niclosamide inhibited Wnt/ -catenin pathway activation, down regulated LRP6, and decreased downstream - catenin signaling. The combination of TRA-8 and niclosamide showed additive to synergistic cytotoxicity and further reduced Wnt/ -catenin activity. In vivo studies also showed that intraperitoneal administration of niclosamide in combination with TRA-8 suppressed growth of established 2LMP orthotopic tumor xenografts. Treatment with niclosamide in combination with TRA- 8 may be an effective therapy against BLBC.

关键词：单克隆抗体；乳腺癌；干细胞

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Sandia's scientific and engineering expertise in the fields of computational biology, high-performance prosthetic limbs, biodetection, and bioinformatics has been applied to specific problems at the forefront of cancer research. Molecular modeling was employed to design stable mutations of the enzyme L-asparaginase with improved selectivity for asparagine over other amino acids with the potential for improved cancer chemotherapy. New electrospun polymer composites with improved electrical conductivity and mechanical compliance have been demonstrated with the promise of direct interfacing between the peripheral nervous system and the control electronics of advanced prosthetics. The capture of rare circulating tumor cells has been demonstrated on a microfluidic chip produced with a versatile fabrication processes capable of integration with existing lab-on-a-chip and biosensor technology. And software tools have been developed to increase the calculation speed of clustered heat maps for the display of relationships in large arrays of protein data. All these projects were carried out in collaboration with researchers at the University of Texas M. D. Anderson Cancer Center in Houston, TX.

关键词：生物医药；电导率；酶；生物技术

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Posttraumatic osteoarthritis affects approximately 5.6 million Americans annually. Those affected are typically younger and more active than persons with primary osteoarthritis. Arthrodesis is the typical management option for persons with end-stage ankle and subtalar posttraumatic arthritis. Arthroplasty is typically reserved for elderly persons. The functional limitations resulting from any of these strategies make treatment of this young population challenging. Combat wounds frequently lead to severe lower extremity injuries. We present a series of patients with severe posttraumatic osteoarthritis of the ankle and subtalar joint after combat trauma. They were treated at our institution with an integrated orthotic and rehabilitation initiative called the Return To Run clinical pathway. This clinical pathway may serve as an alternative or adjunct to arthrodesis and arthroplasty for young patients with severe posttraumatic osteoarthritis of the ankle and subtalar joint.

关键词：康复计划；后骨关节炎

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Monoclonal antibody (mAb) MN423 recognizes Alzheimer’s disease specific conformation of tauprotein assembled into paired helical filaments (PHF). Since the three-dimensional structure of PHF is currently unavailable, the structure of MN423 binding site could provide important information about PHF conformation.

关键词：单克隆抗体；片段；结构分析

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The Lister Hill National Center for Biomedical Communications (LHNCBC), established by a joint resolution of the United States Congress in 1968, is a research and development division of the NLM. Seeking to improve access to high quality biomedical information for individuals around the world, the Center continues its active research and development. It leads a research and development program aimed at creating and improving biomedical communications systems, methods, technologies, and networks and enhancing information dissemination and utilization among health professionals, patients, and the general public. An important new focus of the LHNCBC is the development of Next Generation electronic health records to facilitate patient centric care, clinical research, and public health, an area of emphasis in the NLM Long Range Plan 2006-2016. The Lister Hill Center research staff are drawn from a variety of disciplines including medicine, computer science, library and information science, linguistics, engineering, and education. Research projects are generally conducted by teams of individuals of varying backgrounds and often involve collaboration with other divisions of the NLM, other institutes at the NIH, other organizations within the Department of Health and Human Services, and academic and industry partners. Staff regularly publish their research results in the medical informatics, computer and information science, and engineering communities. The Center is often visited by researchers from around the world. The Lister Hill Center is organized into five major components: Cognitive Science Branch (CgSB), Communications Engineering Branch (CEB), Computer Science Branch (CSB), Audiovisual Program Development Branch (APDB) (which currently includes the Office of the Public Health Historian), and the Office of High Performance Computing and Communications (OHPCC). An external Board of Scientific Counselors meets biannually to review the Center's research projects and priorities.

关键词：生物医药；通信系统；信息发布

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The Center for Biomedical Engineering Research, CBER, is an interdisciplinary center whose mission is to provide engineering science and clinical technology to reduce the impact of disease on the everyday life of individuals. It was created to provide an appropriate forum and infrastructure to promote the interaction of biomedical researchers from the university and the medical community. As such, CBER serves as a research umbrella under which investigators from a variety of fields can work together.

关键词：生物医药；医学研究；临床医学

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We have demonstrated a low-noise heterodyne three-element focal plane array (FPA) at 1.6 THz consisting of NbN Hot Electron Bolometric (HEB) detectors, intimately integrated with monolithic microwave integrated circuit (MMIC) IF amplifiers in a single block. HEB technology is becoming the basis for advanced terahertz imaging and spectroscopic technologies for the study of biological and chemical agents over the entire terahertz spectrum. The use of FPAs is crucial for maximizing the detection speed in these applications.

关键词：生物医药；焦平面成像技术；生物医学应用

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This project assessed the biomedical and toxicological literature for evidence of hormesis, its frequency in the literature and its underlying mechanistic foundation. This work was supported by the continued development of the hormesis database and the conduct of a high level international conference on hormesis held annually. Particular focus was given to the area of neuroscience and hormesis in the literature assessment. Fourteen manuscripts concerning hormesis and neuroscience have been accepted for publication in the journal Critical Reviews in Toxicology and will be published in 2008.

关键词：生物医药；辐射；数据库

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《第一财经日报》12月2日报道，当地时间11月26日，美国纽约东区联邦地区法院做出终审裁决，判定被告中国华北制药集团（下称“华药集团”）下属河北维尔康制药有限公司（下称“维尔康”）在美国维C反垄断案中败诉，赔偿原告Ranis公司1.53亿美元（约合9.34亿元）。在此之前，同样作为被告的石家庄制药集团维生药业（下称“石药维生药业”）、江苏江山制药及东北制药三家公司已经选择和解，向原告支付了约3400万美元的和解赔偿金。至此，长达8年的维生素C国际诉讼案，终审以4家中国被告公司3家庭外和解、1家公司败诉收场。

关键词：医药行业；要闻综述

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关键词：11月；化学药品；原药产量

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