The insulin-like growth factor (IGF) pathway plays an important role in breast cancer growth and metastasis. The IGF-I receptor (IGF-IR) is over- expressed in almost 50of triple negative breast cancers (TNBC). Thus, therapeutically targeting tumor cells which have upregulated IGF-IR may be a promising approach to treat TNBC. IGF-IR is immunogenic in breast cancer and is a potential target for active immunization. We sought to develop a vaccine that will elicit Th1 immunity to IGF-IR. Ninety-five percent of the peptides predicted to bind with high affinity to MHCII induced a Th1 immune response in human PBMC. However, since IGF-IR is a self tumor antigen, Th epitopes could potentially elicit either an inflammatory Th1 (i.e. IFN-g) or immunosuppressive Th2 (i.e. IL-10) response. A ratio of magnitude and frequency of ELISPOT responses for IFN-g and IL-10 was calculated. The peptides that demonstrated a preference to secrete IFN-g over IL-10 were located primarily in the C-terminus of IGF-IR. Vaccination with those C-terminal peptides in a mouse model of TNBC demonstrated a robust Th1 response and concomitant inhibition of tumor growth. These data suggest that more effective peptide-based vaccines could be designed when both Th1 epitopes and immunosuppressive epitopes are screened simultaneously.

关键词：疫苗；乳腺癌；靶向治疗

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To conduct for the Department of Defense, a focused and responsive world class infectious diseases research and development program leading to fielding of effective, improved means of protection and treatment to maintain maximal global operational capability with minimal morbidity and mortality - Force Health Protection--Naturally Occurring Infectious Diseases.

关键词：疫苗；传染病；军队

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This guidance is intended to alert manufacturers of active pharmaceutical ingredients (APIs), pharmaceutical and medical device manufacturers of finished products, repackers, and others to the potential risk of crude heparin contamination. This guidance provides recommendations that will help API manufacturers, pharmaceutical and medical device manufacturers of finished products, repackers, and others, to better prevent the use of crude heparin that might contain over-sulfated chondroitin sulfate (OSCS) or non-porcine ruminant material contaminants

关键词：医疗设备；肝素药品；行业指南

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The present study attempts to demonstrate precisely the following points; a) Whether cellular constitution of a clonally cancer cell population is uniform as regards the degree of natural drug resistance; b) Whether the degree of drug resistance of cancer clone fluctuates during animal passages; and c) Whether any correlation is found between the degree of drug resistance and chromosomal constitution of cells in a cancer clone. The drug resistance under question in this case is not "acquired" but natural one.

关键词：天然药物；异构单细胞；克隆

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Epigenetics refers to functionally relevant changes to the genome that do not involve a change in the nucleotide sequence. Epigenetics can also be defined as heritable and acquired changes in gene function that occur without a change in the DNA sequence. Epigenetic change is a regular and natural occurring process but it can also be influenced by factors including age, environment/lifestyle, and disease state. Examples of mechanisms that trigger such changes are DNA methylation and histone modification, each of which alters the genes expression without altering the underlying DNA sequence.

关键词：表观遗传学；功能；修改；基因组；核苷酸序列；遗传性；获得性

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Based on the data we have generated in the first six months of the project, we believe we have exceeded the milestones for this project. Initial genetic constructs for the Herceptin IgG human antibody were made and transformed into Trichoderma reesei. These strains were screened for antibody production in shake flasks. A few of the strains were tested at the 14-liter fermentation scale. We have been able to produce over 3 g/L of full length IgG as determined by ELISA. We have produced 0.7 g/L of a non-glycosylated variant of the Herceptin IgG human antibody at 14L scale. A number of different genetic constructs have also been made to optimize the Kex2 cleavage site. Our best constructs show greater than 90cleavage of the fusion proteins to products. Our data indicate that Trichoderma reesei is an efficient host for the production of antibodies

关键词：疫苗；单克隆抗体；应急医药

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The purpose of this study was to investigate the hypothesis that PTEN null prostate cancer cells and tumors will exhibit increased radiosensitivity to inhibition of the DNA repair enzyme, PARP, compared to wild- type PTENexpressing cells and tumors, resulting in increased efficacy of radiotherapy and chemotherapy.

关键词：治疗；前列腺癌细胞；PTEN

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Chromatography systems are used for the purification of biochemical, environmental, and other chemical entities using the principle of separation chemistry. The major entities which are regularly separated are metabolites, proteins, carbohydrates, and salts. Chromatography systems are routinely used in pharmaceutical companies and academic institutes for commercial production of biopharmaceuticals and analysis of various molecules. Owing to the increased demand for biopharmaceuticals, the chromatography systems are automated and integrated as a unit in small to large laboratories and large commercial companies. As a result, chromatography systems have become an important accessory tool for various research and commercial purposes.

关键词：色谱系统；生物化学；纯化；化学原理化学实体；制药公司；学术机构

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The unpredictable nature of bio-terrorism compels us to develop medical countermeasures that will enable authorities to treat individuals exposed to agents such as anthrax. We report the feasibility of producing a protective, human-derived, monoclonal antibody directed against the protective antigen (PA) of Bacillus anthracis in plants. This was achieved by transient expression using agroinfiltration of Nicotiana benthamiana plants. The resulting antibody was able to neutralize toxin activity in vitro and in vivo at a comparable level to that seen for its hybridoma-produced counterpart

关键词：单克隆抗体；人源性；炭疽

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CAP reviews are one element of the OIGs efforts to ensure that our Nations veterans receive high quality VA health care services. The objective of the CAP review is to conduct recurring evaluations of selected health care facility operations, focusing on patient care administration and QM. The review covered facility operations for FY 2011 and FY 2012 through August 16, 2012, and was done in accordance with OIG standard operating procedures for CAP reviews. We also asked the facility to provide us with their current status on the recommendations we made in our previous CAP report (Combined Assessment Program Review of the VA Southern Oregon Rehabilitation Center and Clinics, White City, Oregon, Report No. 11-00032-213, July 7, 2011). Additionally, we surveyed employees regarding patient safety and quality of care at the facility. An electronic survey was made available to all facility employees, and 138 responded. We shared survey results with facility managers. In this report, we make recommendations for improvement. Recommendations pertain to issues that are significant enough to be monitored by the OIG until corrective actions are implemented.

关键词：康复技术；医疗服务

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