Michigan State University, in East Lansing, was selected by the U.S. Department of Energy to design and establish the Facility for Rare Isotope Beams (FRIB), a cutting-edge research facility to advance the understanding of rare nuclear isotopes and the evolution of the cosmos. The research conducted at FRIB will involve experimentation with intense beams of rare isotopes within a well-shielded target cell that will result in activation and contamination of components. The target cell is designed to be hands-on accessible after shutdown and a brief cooldown period. Personnel are expected to have hands-on access to the tops of shielded component modules with the activated in-beam sections buried under the shielding. The modules are carefully designed to include steel shielding for protecting personnel during these hand-on operations. However, as the facility develops greater levels of activation and contamination, the facility design foresees that a bridge-mounted servomanipulator may need to be added to the cell to perform the disconnecting of services to the component assemblies. Dexterous remote handling and exchange of the modularized activated components is completed at a shielded window workstation with a pair of master-slave manipulators. The primary components requiring exchange or maintenance are the production target, the beam momentum compensation wedge, the beam dump, and the beam focusing and bending magnets. This paper provides an overview of the FRIB Target Facility remote-handling and maintenance design requirements, concepts, and techniques.

关键词：加速器；光束转储；同位素；磁铁

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Fuel cells are a promising technology as an alternative for portable power applications, because they offer higher power densities, do not include moving parts, and thus are free of noise and vibrations. At the current state of development, fuel cell systems cannot effectively use hydrocarbon fuels unless they have been processed, or reformed, into a syngas consisting of hydrogen, carbon monoxide, and other species. Conventional reforming technologies utilize catalysts which may have strict requirements on fuel purity and operating conditions. The development of a robust non-catalytic technique has the advantage of using a variety of logistics fuels. In this project, conversion of various fuels was demonstrated in two different non-catalytic reactors. The conversion of butanol and Jet-A were demonstrated in a filtration reactor consisting of a packed bed of spheres. A second reactor, consisting of counterflowing channels, has the advantage of stationary reactions zones and the ability to operate continuously. Conversion of heptane was demonstrated in this reactor and a computational study was conducted to understand the scaling of the reactor for various applications. These results show the promise of non-catalytic technologies for the reforming of a wide range of fuels.

关键词：一氧化碳；燃烧；燃料电池；燃料系统

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In this paper,a novel BiCMOS current steering bandgap is presented,which includes reference core,start-up circuit,and output circuit,of which the reference core is used to produce the temperature-stable current,the start-up to start up the reference core when powered on,and the output circuit to proportionally transport the reference current to other cells on the same chip.Compared to the traditional voltage-mode bandgap reference,because of the adoption of the current-steering mode,the reference proposed in this paper,has the merits of being immune to variation of the power supply,minimum transport consumption,better matches,temperature stability,smaller area,auto-startup,and so on,which are specially needed in AD/DA application.The simulation shows that the proposed current-mode reference circuit has full temperature range coefficient of 8.9ppm,which is better than that of the traditional voltage-and current-mode reference circuits.

关键词：负反馈；偏差；旁路电容；工作点

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Key technically reviewed results are presented here in support of the Defense Waste Processing Facility (DWPF) acceptance of Sludge Batch 8 (SB8). This report summarizes results from simulant flowsheet studies of the DWPF Chemical Process Cell (CPC). Results include: Hydrogen generation rate for the Sludge Receipt and Adjustment Tank (SRAT) and Slurry Mix Evaporator (SME) cycles of the CPC on a 6,000 gallon basis. Volume percent of nitrous oxide, N2O, produced during the SRAT cycle. Ammonium ion concentrations recovered from the SRAT and SME off-gas. Dried weight percent solids (insoluble, soluble, and total) measurements and density. These items relate to Safety Class (SC) items in HLW-TTR-2012-0004, Rev. 0 as called out in an attachment, a copy of which can be found in Appendix A.

关键词：污泥；放射性废物处理；铵化合物；蒸发器

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Space solar sheet (SSS) being currently under development is a quite unique and Japan's original devise for generating electricity in space. There are two kinds of SSS: one is a film-type SSS using transparent polymer film and the other is glass-type SSS (G-SSS) using a coverglass. Space solar sheet basically possesses 15 paper-like Ⅲ-Ⅴ multi-junction solar cells connected in five series and three parallel rows. The cells are laminated with the transparent polymer film or coverglass. To realize G-SSS, features of flexibility, toughness (not crack easily) and high radiation tolerance are inevitably required for the coverglass. Optical degradation of the coverglass caused by space radiation is particularly important since it decreases the amount of transmitted sunlight falling on solar cells and degrades the cell output power. Hence, we evaluated a radiation tolerance of a new coverglass for G-SSS.

关键词：太阳能电池；辐射测量；太阳能电板

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In this report, we Si/C composite with porous and yolk-shell structure, carbon coated mesoporous Fe2O3, C/CuO and S/C composites using aerosol pyrolysis, electrospray and CVD techniques. The electrochemical peroformances of these materials were tested, and the mechanism for long cycling stability and high rate capability of these materials were investigated. The findings were published in top journals. The objectives of this project in the year-two are to develop porous Si/C and C/S composite electrodes for high performance lithium ion batteries and to investigate the mechanism how the porous carbon matrix enhances the cycling stability of Si and S electrodes.

关键词：锂电池；电解质材料；电池结构

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In this report, we present results of an ongoing study aimed at measuring and optimizing the nonradiative lifetime and the internal radiative quantum efficiency of molecular beam epitaxy (MBE)-grown gallium arsenide (GaAs) solar cells that are grown at the U.S. Army Research Laboratory (ARL) using different substrate growth temperatures and arsenic (As)/gallium (Ga) flux ratios to determine the growth parameters that maximize the bulk GaAs minority carrier nonradiative lifetime. We report a significant increase in the nonradiative lifetime and the internal radiative quantum efficiency of MBE- grown GaAs/aluminum gallium arsenide (AlGaAs) double heterostructure (DH) structures grown at ARL with a growth temperature of 595 C and an As/Ga flux ratio = 15. Our results show that the nonradiative lifetime and internal radiative quantum efficiency of the DH structures grown using these parameters are comparable to those of the highest quality reported MBE-grown GaAs.

关键词：铝镓砷化物；外延生长；量子效率；太阳能电池

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Photonic crystals have been widely applied to improve the efficiency of solar cells due to its capability to manipulate photon transmission.Both theoretical and experimental research have shown that photonic crystals can significantly improve the absorption and conversion efficiency of solar cells.Solar cells that have photonic crystals back reflectors,intermediate reflectors,and window layers have higher photoelectric conversion efficiency.In this paper,the state-of-the-art applications of PCs in solar ceils are summarized.Various fabrication methods for photonic crystals and their associated performance are discussed.

关键词：光子晶体；太阳能电池；吸收；转换效率

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As the photovoltaic (PV) industry continues to develop, the vast size of deployments today requires optimization of product reliability. The safe operation, requisite service life, reliability, and durability of PV modules become increasingly important as incentives are reduced and the value of an investment in PV is reflected in the kilowatt hours (kWh) generated over the lifetime of the product. Solar electricity can be cost competitive in many electricity markets today (1) if solar panels can perform to warranted specifications for at least the length of their warranty, which is typically 25 years. But, it can be difficult to identify which PV modules will meet their warrantied performance level. Design qualification testing using tests such as IEC 61215 (2) and IEC 61730 (3,4) has been key for achieving high reliability. The continued maintenance of these standards and the development of new standards that address wear-out mechanisms will continue to improve the durability and reliability of products going into the field.

关键词：设计；耐久性；电力；市场；光伏电池

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A Fuel Cycle Research and Development project has investigated an innovative sampling method that could evolve into the next generation sampling and analysis system for metallic elements present in aqueous processing streams. Initially sampling technologies were evaluated and microfluidics sampling chip technology was selected and tested. A conceptual design for a fully automated microcapillary-based system was completed and a robotic automated sampling system was fabricated. The mechanical and sampling operation of the completed sampling system was investigated. In addition, the production of a less expensive, mass produced sampling chip was investigated to avoid chip reuse thus increasing sampling reproducibility/accuracy. The microfluidic based robotic sampling systems mechanical elements were tested to ensure analytical reproducibility and the optimum robotic handling of microfluidic sampling chips.

关键词：燃料循环；微流控；采样；制造；热电池

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