This publication primarily applies to electronic sensors that could be used on mobile into-plane fuelling equipment, in conjunction with filtration equipment. In addition to the design and functional requirements that apply to every sensor produced by a manufacturer, it also includes standardized laboratory testing protocols for the 'first article testing' of a make/model/version of a sensor. These cover performance verification in response to dirt and free water contamination challenges, testing of mechanical integrity in response to pressure and material compatibility.

关键词：传感器；探测器；电子设备；航空燃料；实验测试

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The Dempster-Shafer Theory, a generalization of the Bayesian theory, is based on the idea of belief and as such can handle ignorance. When all of the required information is available, many data fusion methods provide a solid approach. Yet, most do not have a good way of dealing with ignorance. In the absence of information, these methods must then make assumptions about the sensor data. However, the real data may not fit well within the assumed model. Consequently, the results are often unsatisfactory and inconsistent. The Dempster-Shafer Theory is not hindered by incomplete models or by the lack of prior information. Evidence is assigned based solely on what is known, and nothing is assumed. Hence, it can provide a fast and accurate means for multi- sensor fusion with ignorance. In this research, we apply the Dempster-Shafer Theory in target tracking and in gait analysis. We also discuss the Dempster- Shafer framework for fusing data from a Global Positioning System (GPS) and an Inertial Measurement Unit (IMU) sensor unit for precise local navigation. Within this application, we present solutions where GPS outages occur.

关键词：传感器；数据融合；不确定性；随机过程

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Through a three-way collaboration between the Institute for Collaborative Biotechnologies (ICB) at the University of California, Santa Barbara; The Aerospace Corporation; and the U.S. Army Research Laboratory, we investigated the use of a pyroelectric perovskite based material for a novel two-dimensional uncooled infrared focal plane array. Barium strontium titanate (BSTO) was chosen by the ICB as the perovskite material to be used due to its stable nanocrystals, which would allow a high quality, homogenous, crack-free film to be dispersed onto sensor readouts. This ferroelectric ceramic material, once transformed into the pyroelectric crystalline form, would be used as the active material in thermal imaging devices. An in-house process for the film deposition was developed for this purpose.

关键词：传感器；钡锶钛酸盐；红外探测器；陶瓷材料；热电性

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During the project, we have investigated the linear and nonlinear response of two dimensional gold square-nanopatch arrays. We have shown that these arrays exhibit very narrow resonances corresponding to the formation of leaky modes associated with surface plasmons at the air/metal interfaces. The experimental measurements have confirmed the spectral behaviour predicted by the simulations and emphasized that fabrication tolerances, such as the roughness, do not noticeably affect the performance of the device since they broaden and shift slightly the plasmonic resonances. Then the potential sensitivity of the device has been experimentally derived by evaluating the spectral shift when an extremely small change of the refractive index is induced at the top surface of the sensor, leading to sensitivity values up to 1000 nm/RIU and a corresponding Figure of Merit (FOM) of 222 RIU-1 (FWHM of the resonance is only 4.5 nm). Moreover, we have shown a new, more intuitive path to detect variations of refractive index from colour changes. We compared the diffracted spectra of the same sample with air and an IPA solution on top, registering a significant change in the sample colour. This observation can be also quantified in terms of sensitivity, leading to S = 121 nm/RIU and FOM = 6 RIU-1 (FWHM of the measured spectra is equal to 20 nm). Furthermore, such observation method allows establishing numerous other properties of the foreign compound such as its thickness or evaporation time, paving the way for new, yet unexplored plasmonic sensor devices. Finally the nonlinear response of the periodic arrays has been investigated and the effect of the geometrical parameters on the Surface Enhanced Raman Scattering signal has been analyzed.

关键词：传感器；纳米结构阵列；探测器；拉曼散射；仿真

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关键词：英特尔；AMD；PC芯片；双寡头；移动互联网；冲击

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In this study, modal control with various bases has been experimentally evaluated on an experimental Adaptive Optics (AO) testbed. In most custom-built adaptive optics control problems, spatial resolution and available stroke of the deformable mirror (DM) are assumed to be sufficient for the intended performance. In practice, however, there are situations where DMs of limited capability are used and the control system is desired to make most out of the hardware even in such situations. In this paper, the effect of the hardware limitations, such as the spatial resolution of the wavefront sensor and the deformable mirror (DM) on the performance of the AO system, is investigated and several control techniques are proposed to mitigate the problem. The derivatives of Zernike polynomials do not have the orthogonal property.A simple approximate orthogonalization technique is proposed along with the method to avoid the discrepancy of minimum error in the sensor output vector space and in the vector space where the control law is applied. An anti- windup technique is also proposed to reduce the adverse effect by an integral controller when saturation of the DM occurs. Effectiveness of the proposed techniques is demonstrated by experiments on the pseudo real-time AO testbed.

关键词：传感器；执行器；自适应滤波器；探测器；控制系统

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In many remote sensing applications, the area of a scene sensed by a single pixel can often be measured in square meters. This means that many objects of interest in a scene are smaller than a single pixel in the resulting image. Current tracking methods rely on robust object detection using multi- pixel features. A subpixel object does not provide enough information for these methods to work. This dissertation presents a method for tracking subpixel objects in image sequences captured from a stationary sensor that is critically sampled spatially. Using template matching, we estimate the maximum a posteriori probability of the target state over a sequence of images. A distance transform is used to calculate the motion prior in linear time, dramatically decreasing computation requirements. We compare the results of this method to a previously state-of-the-art track-before-detect particle filter designed for tracking small, low contrast objects using both synthetic and real-world imagery. Results show our method produces more accurate state estimates and higher detection rates than the current state of the art methods at signal-to-noise ratios as low as 3dB.

关键词：传感器；光学探测器；远程探测器；测量仪器；亚像素

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The subject research was performed at the University of Florida between December 2005 and December 2008. The research was performed to support the ability to detect landmines in an automated fashion using ground- penetrating radar (GPR) array sensors employed in systems being studied by NVESD. The work was concerned with discovering and evaluating i) different types of features that, when extracted from signals associated with GPR signals captured over regions of earth, can help one identify the presence or absence of landmines and landmine-like objects; (ii) algorithms and techniques that can employ these features to distinguish between landmines and non-mines; and (iii) fuse the results of multiple discriminators to yield improved discrimination performance.

关键词：传感器融合；探地雷达；地雷探测；探雷器；模式识别

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The SWARMS project brings together experts in artificial intelligence, control theory, robotics, systems engineering and biology with the goal of understanding swarming behaviors in nature and applications of biologically-inspired models of swarm behaviors to large networked groups of autonomous vehicles. The main goal is to develop a framework and methodology for the analysis of swarming behavior in biology and the synthesis of bio-inspired swarming behaviors for engineered systems. We are interested in such questions as: Can large numbers of autonomously functioning vehicles be reliably deployed in the form of a 'swarm' to carry out a prescribed mission and to respond as a group to high-level management commands. Can such a group successfully function without a designated leader, with limited communications between its members, and with dynamically changing 'role', for its members. Is there a hierarchy of 'compatibls' models appropriate to swarming/schooling/flocking which is rich enough to explain these behaviors at various 'resolution' ranging from aggregate characterizations of emergent behavior to detailed descriptions which model individual vehicle dynamics.

关键词：传感器；仿生学；机器人；人工智能；自主导航

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Laser Radar sensors can be designed to provide two-dimensional and three-dimensional (3-D) images of a scene from a single laser pulse. Currently, there are various data recording and presentation techniques being developed for 3-D sensors. While the technology is still being proven, many applications are being explored and suggested. As technological advancements are coupled with enhanced signal processing algorithms, it is possible that this technology will present exciting new military capabilities for sensor users. The goal of this work is to develop an algorithm to enhance the utility of 3-D Laser Radar sensors through accurate ranging to multiple surfaces per image pixel while minimizing the effects of diffraction. Via a new 3-D blind deconvolution algorithm, it will be possible to realize numerous enhancements over both traditional Gaussian mixture modeling and single surface range estimation. While traditional Gaussian mixture modeling can effectively model the received pulse, we know that its shape is likely altered due to optical aberrations from the imaging system and the medium through which it is imaging. Simulation examples show that the multi-surface ranging algorithm derived in this work improves range estimation over standard Gaussian mixture modeling and frame-by-frame deconvolution by up to 89and 85respectively.

关键词：传感器；光学雷达；激光雷达；脉冲激光器

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