The tunnel boring and rock drilling machines are used to excavate holes for tunnels through different kinds of soil and difficult rocky terrains as an alternative to conventional blasting methods. Machines operate effectively by reducing the disturbance to the ground while boring through any difficult terrain. Typically, a tunnel boring and rock drilling machine comprise a rotating cutting wheel, followed by the main bearing, trailing support mechanisms, and a thrust system. Based on the geographic terrain of the region, different types of tunnel boring and rock drilling machine are used. As the machine functions smoothly, it is majorly used in highly urbanized areas to complete drilling work in less time. However, the upfront cost involved to assemble the equipment and difficulties experienced while transporting them across different sites is one of the main drawbacks of the tunnel boring machine (TBM).

An EV is powered by an electric motor for propulsion. It uses a battery to store energy, which is supplied to the electric motor through a controller. The controller regulates the energy flow from the battery to the electric motor based on the power requirement. EVs can primarily be classified into battery electric vehicles (BEV) or plug-in electric vehicles (PEV) and extended-range electric vehicle (EREV). BEV/PEV are pure electric vehicles that are powered by batteries through an electric motor system. They can be charged by plugging into an external power source as well as through regenerative breaking.

The global visual content market is expected to experience a moderately high growth (CAGR of 7.86%) during the forecast period. The market was dominated by North America in 2016, followed by Europe, Asia-Pacific (APAC), and rest of the world (ROW).

The virtual reality (VR) can be experienced using a head-mounted display (HMD) or glasses which display 3D experiences as part of their image. Some HMDs and glasses have options for additional sensory input in the form of audio or video. New forms of human-machine interactions are possible through the VR technology.

The past century has seen the dominance of fossil fuels as the chief source of energy for the sustenance of the global economic machinery. Among these fuels, crude oil is one commodity that has controlled almost all the aspects of the energy business. Crude oil is defined as a mixture of compounds composed primarily of carbon and hydrogen in varying proportions, with the presence of inorganic compounds, such as nitrogen, sulfur and metals, such as vanadium, mercury. The crude oil, in discussion, is found in specific rock formations, called reservoirs, in the earth's crust. The depth at which these reservoirs occur can vary significantly — from pools that flow up to the surface to almost 15,000 meters underground. The method employed to get to these reservoirs of black gold is through drilling the surface until a pre-defined depth is reached.

Cement consumption in 2017 should grow in the mid- to high single digits, recovering some of the lost ground of 2016. The reactivation of public investment should be positive for cement demand. The gradual recovery of macroeconomic stability, including expectations of falling inflation, reduced interest rate volatility and more predictable fiscal policy, should be supportive of private investment and could lead to a renaissance of cement demand growth.

Mining companies across Latin America exhibited improved credit ratios, with median net leverage falling to 1.3x in 2016 compared with 2.9x in 2015. An improved pricing environment, reductions in cash costs and completions of capital investments resulted in improved cash flow generation. Fitch Ratings expects miners to use higher cash flows to improve liquidity and/or reduce gross debt levels. Maintaining adequate levels of debt in order to exhibit sustainable levels of leverage is crucial to each company’s rating.

Mechanical, engineering, and plumbing (MEP) services hold critical importance in ensuring that building facilities are operating in an efficient manner with the optimum use of energy. To achieve better results, building owners are increasingly entering long-term contracts with third party specialized vendors. Outsourcing of MEP services to specialized vendors helps in reducing the operational cost, optimizing the energy consumption, and improving the productivity of facilities.

The market is expected to witness a paradigm shift toward the adoption of extended half-life therapies owing to the increased advantages such as long-lasting action, and reduced need for repeated dosing of medications. Therefore, extended half-life therapies are expected to affect the volume shipments of factor VIII units particularly in developed economies.

In recent times, the market has seen an emergence of half-life drugs, which reduces the time of drugs to concentrate in the body. These drugs have an advantage of long-lasting action and reduced repeated intake of medicine. Therefore, an increase in the adoption rate of half-life therapies in hemophilia B treatment will drive the market growth.