Insurance is a promise of compensation in case of damage/injury/loss in exchange for a premium. It is a form of risk management. Insurance services include various forms of compensation benefits such as protection of property and vehicles against damage or loss, reimbursement of the cost associated with healthcare, and compensation for accidental death to pre-decided beneficiaries. Logistics insurance offers insurance against the damage or loss to business because of interruption in the logistics chain. Some of the common events that are covered under logistics insurance package are given in the exhibit.

The education technology market can be broadly categorized into two segments, i.e., technological architecture and collaborative tools. The technological architecture comprises hardware, software, and services. The hardware segment consists of interactive whiteboards, interactive displays, educational PCs, and projectors. The software segment constitutes document management systems, classroom management systems, classroom collaboration systems, student information systems (SIS), classroom assessment scoring systems, student response systems, learning content management systems (LCMS), and learning management systems (LMS). Software services include digital interactive resources of imparting knowledge to students, such as digital text, graphics, and audio-visual aids. Collaborative tools are supporting tools that help in the enhanced coherent use of technology.

IPTV is a multimedia service, which provides television, video, audio, graphics, text, and data through IP-based networks. IPTV is used with end-to-end devices such as set-top boxes (STBs) connected to routers, TV sets, mobile phones, and PCs with special software installation. It provides services, such as live television, time-shifted media, and video on demand (VOD), with the help of the Internet protocol suite, a packet switching network like the Internet. The Internet protocol suite has a reduced number of limitations as compared with satellite or cable TV networks.

Intelligent pumps refer to equipment that can regulate and control flow or pressure. These are also defined as a combination of pumps with a variable frequency drive and having a digital control capability. They help in managing energy of an end-user’s industry, by remotely monitoring the processes and ensuring control of the remote systems of a facility. Intelligent pumps include wireless control and monitoring capabilities that enable end-users to access real-time operational data. This helps in reducing the downtime of processes and improves the end-user’s predictive maintenance plans.

Industrial communication improves a company's communication efficiency by linking the devices and systems present in the industries. It simplifies the distributed architecture of sensors and machines, and reduces the topology and connection costs. Adding this connection to the management level will enhance the services of data exchange, computer security, and real-time performances.

IGCT can be described as a power semiconductor electronic device that is used in industrial equipment to switch electric current. IGCT is related to the gate turn-off (GTO) thyristor, a special type of thyristor, which is a high-power semiconductor device. Like the GTO thyristor, IGCT is a power switch that is fully controllable, i.e., it can be turned both on and off by its control terminal (the gate). The IGCT device comprises:

Insulated gate bipolar transistor (IGBT) is a semiconductor power device that is used to control the electrical energy. It provides a stable supply of electricity by reducing the congestion in power supply, leading to optimized power utilization. It is an electronic switch that provides fast switching with electrical efficiency. It is a fusion of bipolar junction transistor (BJT) and power MOSFET (metal oxide semiconductor field effect transistor). IGBTs have the high current handling capability of BJT and high switching speed of power MOSFETs, making it a better device than other transistors. It is also known by names such as bipolar mode MOSFET, conductivity modulated field effect transistor (COMFET), and bipolar MOS transistor.

FPGAs are reprogrammable silicon ICs that comprise controllable logic blocks and interconnects. These FPGAs are used to configure customizable hardware. FPGAs are completely reconfigurable, which indicates that these chips can be used for different circuit reconfigurations. One of the major features of FPGAs is their parallel nature. FPGAs contain over 200,000 controllable logic blocks, which can be interconnected in any manner as per the user requirements. Based on requirements, different logic blocks can be configured for different functions. FPGAs can be divided into different segments and these segments can work autonomously without any interference from other controllable logic blocks. Thus, independent tasks can work in parallel to each other.

Batteries are devices that are used for providing energy to applications or equipment. They also store and supply energy whenever needed. Batteries are classified as leadacid, lithium, or nickel based. A battery plate grid optimizes the life and performance of a battery. The grid composition is a balance of the electrolyte's specific gravity, the active material used, and the concentration of lead. Batteries are used in automobiles, consumer electronics, floor scrubbers, and forklifts among others. Lithium-ion (Li-ion) and lead-acid batteries are the most extensively used in automotive and motive industries.

Fiber lasers contain the active gain medium, which is an optical fiber integrated with rare-earth elements such as erbium and ytterbium. In a fiber laser, a part of the fiber is used as the resonating cavity. The laser action takes place in this cavity, and laser beams are generated. Fiber lasers are preferred over other lasers such as CO₂ lasers. This is because they are more reliable, efficient, robust, portable, and easier to operate than the other lasers. Fiber lasers are mostly used for material processing applications like cutting and welding, marking, and fine and microprocessing of components in the automotive, manufacturing, heavy industry, and consumer electronic sectors. They are also being used extensively for medical applications and R&D.