CMF fixation devices are implants meant to correct conditions such as diseases, injuries, and defects in the hard and soft tissues of the oral and maxillofacial regions. These devices are used to address all aspects of complicated facial and skull reconstruction. CMF surgery is also carried out to treat complex soft tissue problems such as hemangioma, vascular malformations, and facial tumors.The Global CMF Fixation Devices market is experiencing steady growth. The Americas accounted for the highest market share in 2012, with the US as the major contributor. The Americas was followed by the EMEA region, where the UK and France were the major contributors. The EMEA region was followed by the APAC region, where Japan, China, and India were the biggest contributors. The Global CMF Fixation Devices market is expected to post a CAGR of 7.21 percent during the period 2012-2016.

关键词：颅颌面内固定设备（CMF）；医疗器械；面部软硬组织缺损；复杂软组织；疾病

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The Global PTCA Balloon Catheter market is the second largest market in the Global Interventional Cardiology Devices market after the Global Stents market and is growing at a significant rate. The market is organized and is in the mature stage. The Americas accounted for the highest revenue share in the Global PTCA Balloon Catheter market in 2012, and it was followed by the EMEA region. There lies a huge opportunity for the market to grow significantly in certain countries of the APAC region such as Japan, South Korea, India, and China. Moreover, the market in developing countries is expected to grow more rapidly, which may lead to an increase in sales of new balloon catheters. The market is expected to witness an improvement in its growth rate and post a CAGR of 8.24 percent during the period 2012-2016.

关键词：PTCA；医疗器械；微创手术；动脉阻塞；PTCA球囊导管；血管成形术

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The Global Aircraft Financing market is oligopolistic in nature. The players in such a market have limited sources of financing for the delivery of the aircraft. Traditionally, cash, banks, and financial institutions have been key sources of financing in the market. However, in the wake of the financial turmoil, the market players have shifted their inclinations to capital markets and leasing companies. These sources are preferable because of the ease of liquidity provided by them in the market at reasonable interest rates.The Global Aircraft Financing market is expected to grow at a rapid pace during the period 2012-2016. The key geographies in this market are North America, Europe, APAC, and the Middle East. North America dominated the market, followed by Europe, the APAC region, and the Middle East. The Global Aircraft Financing market is expected to grow at a CAGR of 7.27 percent during the forecast period.

关键词：全球飞机融资市场；交付来源；银行；金融机构

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There are various kinds of automation instrument, including control valve, temperature transmitter, level transmitter, flow transmitter, and pressure transmitter. These products are used across various process and discrete industries such as Oil and Gas, Chemical, Refining, Power, Petrochemical, Textile, Automotive, and Pharmaceutical. Organizations across industries deploy these automation instruments to improve their operational efficiency. Moreover, effective deployment of these automation instruments helps organizations to minimize their process downtime, and optimizing their overall operational costs.The Global Automation Instrumentation market is expected to grow at a steady rate during the period 2014-2018. The market was dominated by the APAC region in 2013, followed by the EMEA region. Some of the major vendors in the Global Automation Instrumentation market are ABB Ltd., Honeywell International Inc., Yokogawa Electric Corp., and Emerson Electric Co. The overall market is expected to grow at a CAGR of 4.96 percent during the forecast period.

关键词：自动化仪器；控制阀；温度变送器；液位变送器；流量变送器

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Large and advanced batteries are those batteries which are rechargeable and technologically advanced; these batteries are large in size and energy capacity. The advanced batteries are largely used in plug-in vehicles, utility load leveling systems, and renewable energy storage systems. The increased usage of these batteries in the Automotive segment and the Portable Electronic Products segment is one of the major factors driving the growth of the Global Large and Advance Battery Technology market.

关键词：充电电池；尺寸大小；能量容量；平衡系统

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A Li-ion battery is a rechargeable battery where lithium ions move from the negative electrode to the positive electrode during discharging and back when charging. There are numerous advantages of using lithium as it is one of the lightest metals. Li-ion batteries are commonly used in the Consumer Electronics sector, the Industrial sector, and the Automotive sector.

关键词：锂离子电池；负极；正极；金属

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Tires are an integral component of automobiles and are manufactured using raw materials such as natural rubber, nylon tire cord fabric, and carbon black. Rubber chemicals and synthetic rubber, including stirene-butadiene rubber and poly-butadiene rubber, are also used in manufacturing tires. Off-highway tires are used in various off-highway vehicles and equipment such as mining, construction, earthmoving, agriculture, and farm vehicles and equipment.

关键词：越野轮胎；天然橡胶；锦纶帘子布；炭黑

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Hospital acquired infections are the most commonly occurring infections resulting in the death of 99,000 Americans every year. Hospital acquired infections basically occur owing to the poor hygiene practices adopted by the hospital authorities. These infections spread mainly through contaminated medical equipment such as catheters, needles, wound dressings, and other consumables. The benefit of antimicrobial coated medical equipment is to help mitigate these infections and this has in turn encouraged their adoption in routine clinical practices like surgeries. Antimicrobial coatings are basically surface coatings applied onto the medical device to prevent the growth of microbes.

关键词：获得性感染；抗菌涂层；医疗设备；医疗装置；医疗器械

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In this paper, I implemented and improved a queuing model that characterizes the market dynamics as a Discrete Markovian System, which is more suitable for illiquid market. I then propose and examine a few market-making trading strategies & applications of such a model and point to the simulation results.

关键词：高频率交易；马尔可夫排队模型；市场策略

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Vitamin D is a naturally occurring fat-soluble biologically inert hormone precursor that exists in two primary forms: vitamin D2 (ergocalciferol) and vitamin D3 (cholecalciferol). Its main biologic function is to maintain calcium and phosphorus concentrations as they are essential for overall bone health. It has a number of other physiological roles, including retaining muscle strength, moderating immune function, regulating cellular differentiation, and reducing inflammation. The major source of vitamin D for humans is the sun. Vitamin D3 can be synthesized in the skin upon exposure to sunlight, and thus sun exposure accounts for 80-90 percent of the vitamin D for most people. Vitamin D can also be obtained from the diet in the form of either vitamin D2 or vitamin D3. Vitamin D deficiency affects almost 50 percent of the population worldwide. An estimated 1 billion people worldwide, across all civilizations and age groups, have vitamin D deficiency. Vitamin D testing is a process of measuring the levels of vitamin D in the blood of a human.

关键词：维生素D；维生素D2 （麦角钙化醇）；维生素D3 （胆钙化甾醇）；骨健康

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