An automotive washer pump is a device used to generate pressure and send cleaning fluid through the nozzle to clean windshields, rear windows, and headlamps. They help in providing better visibility to drivers.The report considers washer pumps used in both passenger and commercial vehicles. The passenger vehicles considered are SUVs, hatchbacks, and luxury sedans. Rear wiper washer pumps have been considered for hatchbacks and SUVs.The global automotive washer pumps market accounted for 149.55 million units in 2016, and it is expected to have gradual growth at a CAGR of 1.90% during the forecast period. The market is expected to account for 164.32 million units by the end

of the forecast period.

An automotive turbocharger is a turbine-driven forced induction device that helps the engine to produce additional power. It improves the overall performance of the vehicle.Variable geometry turbochargers (VGTs) are a family of turbochargers that are generally designed to allow an effective aspect ratio (A/R) of the turbo to be altered based on the change in conditions. This is because the optimum A/R at low engine

speeds is different from the required optimum ratio at high engine speeds. VGT allows the altering of these ratios such that the turbo is maintained at optimum levels at all engine speeds.

The torque vectoring mechanism allows the differential to vary the torque that is available at each driving wheel. It allows the wheels of a vehicle to get a better grip on the road for the launch and handling purposes.The term "torque vectoring" was coined by Jon Wheals, a chief innovation engineer in a UK-based engineering firm, Ricardo, in 2000.Torque vectoring as a technology is developed as an addition to the basic or standard differential. Hence, this technology performs the basic tasks of a usual differential, as well as transmitting torque independently to the driving wheels. This ability to transfer independent torque generally results in the improvement of vehicular handling and traction. Torque vectoring differentials was originally evolved for racing, especially rally racing purposes. Some of the earliest cars to come with this technology belonged to Mitsubishi Motors. This technology has been implemented in production vehicles following a significant development lead time.

The penetration of steel wheels is higher in LCVs and M&HCVs compared with passenger cars, as there is an increasing preference for passenger cars equipped with alloy wheels.Based on application, the market is segmented into passenger cars, LCVs, and M&HCVs.The global automotive steel wheel market grows in direct proportion to the number of vehicles sold each year. The resurgence of the US economy, growing preference for M&HCVs for logistics, increasing sales of low-priced cars, and low penetration of passenger cars in APAC are the key factors driving this market.

This report covers the present scenario and growth prospects of the global automotive start-stop system market for 2017-2021. To calculate the market size, the report considers the sales of passenger cars equipped with start-stop systems. In addition,the report discusses the major drivers that influence the growth of the start-stop systems in the global market. It also outlines the challenges faced by the operators and the market at large, as well as the emerging trends.

A skid plate is an abrasion-resistant material attached to the bottom of a vehicle to avoid damage to the underside when the connection is made with the ground.Skid plates can be used on off-road vehicles and lowered vehicles to prevent harm to the underside.The global skid plate market is growing as the number of off-road activities and adventure enthusiasts is increasing. Also, more people are concerned about their vehicles' underbody protection, which is another factor that fuels the growth of the market. A skid plate is placed underneath the vehicle to protect the main components(including the suspension, oil tank, and transmission system) of a vehicle. Considering the damage tough terrains can cause, a skid plate is essential for any off-road vehicle.

Automotive struts and shock absorbers: The primary purpose of shock absorbers is to control spring and suspension movement. A strut is a common damper type used in many of today's independent suspension, front wheel drive vehicles, and some rear wheel drive vehicles.The global automotive shocks and struts market is segmented based on applications, namely shock absorbers and struts. We have considered passenger cars for calculating the size of the automotive shocks and struts market.

Parking heaters are devices that preheat the automotive interiors and make driving comfortable for the driver and passengers.The system has remote accessibility and can be controlled using a timer or a smartphone app.In countries where winters are harsh, automotive parking heaters are used to maintain the temperature of the engines and interiors of the cars. This device warms the interior(including the engine) before the driver or a passenger gets inside the car. The user can activate parking heaters even from home with the help of timers, remote controls,or mobile phones.There are some car heaters that only warm the engine leaving the interiors cold.Parking heaters are not the same as regular car/cabin heaters. Once the engine is warm, heating the interior of the vehicle is not cumbersome. These devices start the engine using approximately a fifth of a liter of gas (depending on the car). They can be purchased by car owners and installed personally, inbuilt by the parent car company,or fitted by an aftermarket parts maker.

Every vehicle is equipped with a rearview mirror. Two rearview mirrors are positioned outside a vehicle, whereas a rearview mirror is positioned inside the vehicle where it is mounted on the front windshield of the vehicle. Most of the passenger cars are equipped with vanity mirrors, positioned at the sun visor,whereas vanity mirrors are not present in LCVs and M&HCVs. There is a growing trend where conventional mirrors are gradually getting replaced by auto-dimming mirrors and smart rearview mirrors.Based on position, the global automotive mirror system market is divided into two segments: interior automotive mirror system market and exterior automotive mirror system market.

Automotive leaf spring suspension is an arc-shaped spring steel mainly used in heavy commercial vehicles. It can be attached either at the rear or front of the vehicles to provide suspension.Based on application, the automotive leaf spring suspension market is segmented into LCVs, M&HCV trucks, and M&HCV buses.The automotive leaf spring suspension market is expected to grow at a CAGR of 4.53% during the forecast period. APAC is the biggest market for leaf spring suspension systems mainly due to the high penetration of these devices in the M&HCVs segment in countries such as China and India.