Particle emissions of a diesel car fueled with coal to liquids (CTL) on road were tested.The particle number and size distribution were mainly studied.Three typical roads were adopted in this test, including urban arterial roads, secondary roads and freeways.The results show that transient particle number of the car has a corresponding relationship with the vehicle speed.With the speed increasing, the number of both nucleation mode particles and accumulation mode particles increase continuously.With the CTL blend ratio increasing, the number of nucleation mode particles and accumulation mode particles decreases, especially accumulation mode particles whose size are more than 100nm diameter.With the CTL blend ratio increasing, the particle numbers in the three typical roads show downward trends, especially on freeways.It shows that the CTL fuel can distinctly reduce the exhaust particle number of diesel cars on road.

关键词：汽车；柴油车；煤制液体；粒子发射

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关键词：汽车；卷积码；网格图；编码效率； FPGA

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On February 24, 2012, NHTSA released a proposed set of Driver Distraction Guidelines covering original equipment in-vehicle device secondary tasks (where secondary tasks are defined as communications, entertainment, information gathering, and navigation tasks not required to drive) performed by the driver through visual-manual means (meaning the driver looking at a device, manipulating a device-related control with the drivers hand, and watching for visual feedback). These Guidelines will be used to identify secondary tasks that interfere with a driver's ability to safely control a vehicle (National Highway Traffic Safety Administration (NHTSA), 2012). The NHTSA Guidelines specify multiple test methods with acceptance criteria. While including a total of seven test protocols in its Notice of Proposed Federal Guidelines (NHTSA, 2012), NHTSA indicates that it prefers the following two test protocols and their associated acceptance criteria: Option EGDS: Eye Glance Testing Using a Driving Simulator, and Option OCC: Occlusion Testing. Following an approach set forth by the Alliance of Automobile Manufacturers (Alliance) and the growing body of research indicating that eye glance behavior is a prominent indicator of driver distraction, these preferred test protocols focus on eye glance behavior as a method for determining which visual or visual-manual secondary tasks are not acceptable for performance by a driver while operating a vehicle.

关键词：汽车；司机的行为；指引；人因工程；车载信息系统

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Recently the convergence of IT Services is using much information. Fusion of vehicle information technology and IT services are developing very fast. In this paper is about car insurance service used vehicle information and user information. In this paper, the car insurance service is convergence that vehicle information and user information. We propose accident service, eco-driving service, breakdown service based on the information collected from the vehicle.

关键词：汽车;汽车保险; OBD;车辆信息

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An automotive mechanic died when gasoline he was pouring into a vehicle ignited and burned him. The victim had just replaced a gas tank on the vehicle. He was using a bucket to pour gasoline into the new fuel tank that did not have the filler hose installed. The fuel spilled onto a wire cage-covered incandescent drop light under the vehicle, which ignited the fuel causing the fire. The victim ran from the vehicle with the bucket of fuel, leaving a trail of spilled gasoline which ignited. The ignited trail of fuel caused the bucket of fuel to also ignite, burning the victim. Contributing factors identified in this investigation were the positioning of the drop light, the type of drop light used, the use of a bucket to store and pour gasoline, and the filling of an incompletely assembled fuel system. The CA/FACE investigator determined that, in order to prevent fires within an automotive repair shop, owners should ensure that: 1. Sources of ignition are eliminated when work involves flammable liquids. 2. When refueling vehicles with a portable container, the container should be equipped with an automatic closing cap and flame arrester. 3. Gas tanks are properly installed before refueling.

关键词：汽车；汽油；汽车机械；燃料；油箱

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An evaluation system of vehicle traveling state was proposed,and an unsafe vehicle traveling state recognition system was established using multi-level information fusion method.In view of the effects of the complexity of the driving environment,a variety of working conditions and the diversity of vehicle traveling characteristics,combing BP neural network with Dempster Sharer evidence theory technique,the multi-information decision-level fusion was proposed to estimate the different kind model of the vehicle status.To verify the proposed strategies,the vehicle traveling posture evaluation system was established.The lane departure parameters and the relative distance parameters were studied in order to get the characterization of the vehicle traveling status information.The simulation results indicate that the adaptability and accuracy and the intelligence level of driving characterization estimation are significantly improved by using the pattern classification and decision technology of multi-source information fusion.

关键词：汽车；车辆的行驶状态;安全规则；BP神经网络；DS证据规则

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Alternative fuels have the potential to provide significant economic and environmental benefits to airports and their communities. These fuels can lead to improvements in local air quality emissions and reductions in life-cycle greenhouse gases. In addition, alternative fuels offer the possibility to diversify away from imported conventional petroleum-derived fuels and enhance energy security. Furthermore, alternative fuel distribution programs offer airports additional business opportunities to generate revenue through the operation of such facilities or leasing of land to third-party operators. Airports are natural nodes for multi-modal demand and are ideally situated to become distribution centers for a variety of alternative fuels for aircraft and surface transportation. Producers and marketers of alternative fuels can take advantage of this concentrated demand to strengthen their business case as they can cater to a wide spectrum of potential clients, including airlines, airports, and third-party operators such as rental car facilities, courtesy shuttles, taxis, buses, freight trucks, and other fleets that may operate nearby. This is especially the case for facilities that produce alternative jet fuel because, in addition to jet fuel, they also produce co-products such as green diesel, which can be used by some passenger and most cargo vehicles.

关键词：汽车；燃料；替代品；空气质量；航空器

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In this paper, on-board Measurements of particle emissions were carried out on a VW diesel car in Shanghai real roads.The test fuels included pure petroleum diesel (D100) and three different alternative fuel blends, 10％ biodiesel blend (BD10), 10％ coal-to-liquid fuel blend (C10) and 10％ gas-to-liquid fuel blend (G10) in volumetric mixture ratio.Results showed that particle emissions in freeways were terrible, and particle number emission ratios from urban roads were high.The test alternative blend fuels of BD10, Bul0, G10 and C10 all have positive effects on the particle emissions of test diesel car.

关键词：汽车；柴油车；替代燃料；船上测量；颗粒物排放

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In this paper,based on characteristic analysis of driver training operation,a new approach of information acquisition for driver training is found,which is through extracting acceleration information.The information acquisition device which is under MEMS three-axis acceleration transducer,based on ADXL335 and MCU,can achieve real-time and accurate measurement of vehicles' three-dimensional acceleration.By comparing the change curve of measured acceleration with the related data of good driver,the existing problems will be found out.In this way,the driver training operation can be assessed in a timely way.

关键词：汽车；MEMS传感器；汽车驾驶员；培训操作

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VisLab has been pioneering the world of autonomous driving since its early years; in 1998 VisLab organized one of the most innovative experiments for that period: a passenger car was equipped with sensing and actuation devices and was tested with autonomous steering along a 2000+ km on Italian highways

关键词：汽车；自主驾驶；传感和驱动装置；VisLab

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