The Coordinating Research Council, Inc. (CRC) is a non-profit corporation supported by the petroleum and automotive equipment industries. CRC operates through research committees made up of technical experts from industry and government who voluntarily participate. The four main areas of research within CRC are: air pollution (atmospheric and engineering studies); aviation fuels, lubricants, and equipment performance; heavy-duty vehicle fuels, lubricants, and equipment performance (e.g., diesel trucks); and light-duty vehicle fuels, lubricants, and equipment performance (e.g., passenger cars). CRC’s function is to provide the mechanism for joint research conducted by the two industries that will help in determining an optimum combination of petroleum products and mobility equipment. CRC’s work is limited to research that is mutually beneficial to the two industries involved. Final reports and data are made available to the public.

关键词：汽车；天然气汽车；燃料使用

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The Coordinating Research Council, Inc. (CRC) is a non-profit corporation supported by the petroleum and automotive equipment industries. CRC operates through the committees made up of technical experts from industry and government who voluntarily participate. The four main areas of research within CRC are: air pollution (atmospheric and engineering studies); aviation fuels, lubricants, and equipment performance, heavy-duty vehicle fuels, lubricants, and equipment performance (e.g., diesel trucks); and light-duty vehicle fuels, lubricants, and equipment performance (e.g., passenger cars). CRC’s function is to provide the mechanism for joint research conducted by the two industries that will help in determining the optimum combination of petroleum products and automotive equipment. CRC’s work is limited to research that is mutually beneficial to the two industries involved, and all information is available to the public.

关键词：汽车；废气排放；环境污染

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In this paper, we combined train performance calculation and power supply solver with our proposed multi-agent based condition monitoring under some specific conditions. The first part of this paper demonstrated the exploitation of the regenerative braking energy with on-board energy storage devices. With the proposed scheme applied in this paper, the energy consumed by the power substation can be reduced. This confirmed the attractive use in regenerative energy storage. The second part gave explanation of the train monitoring software using Java multi-agent integrating with VC++ GUI. The performances of in-service trains can be monitored online. The multi-agent system designed for this test is enhanced visually by the development of the VC++ GUI. The software tool is useful to help the system operators to improve their train service.

关键词：节能；直流电气铁路；可再生能源；多智能体系统

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This chapter addresses the early detection and isolation of sensor faults in a systematic and unified way and illustrates the approach on wind turbine simulation data. Three problems are successively considered: individual signal monitoring, fault detection and isolation (FDI) in redundant sensors, and FDI based on analytical redundancy. In all three cases, a specific approach to generate fault indicators, also called residuals, is presented and combined with an online statistical change detection/isolation algorithm. The considered case studies consist of wind turbine generator speed monitoring, as well as FDI in the stator current and voltages of a wind-driven doubly fed induction generator. For the latter problem, the fact that the three-phase signals are balanced allows one to determine a simple signal model from which a multiobserver scheme is designed for residual generation.

关键词：传感器；传感器故障检测和隔离；统计变化检测/隔离算法

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This project evaluates and documents the DR performance of an HPWH as compared to an ERWH for two primary types of DR events: peak curtailments and balancing reserves. The experiments were conducted with General Electric (GE) second-generation Brillion-enabled GeoSpring hybrid water heaters in the Pacific Northwest National Laboratory (PNNL) Lab Homes2, with one GE GeoSpring water heater operating in Standard electric resistance mode to represent the baseline and one GE GeoSpring water heater operating in Heat Pump mode to provide the comparison to heat pump-only DR. Signals were sent simultaneously to the two water heaters in the side-by-side PNNL Lab Homes under highly controlled, simulated occupancy conditions. It is expected that Hybrid DR performance, which would engage both the heat pump and electric elements, could be interpolated from these two experimental extremes.

关键词：节能；热泵；热水器；混合系统；响应；性能评估

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This is a meeting overview of 'The Best Approach to Combustion Safety in a Direct Vent World', held June 28, 2012, in San Antonio, Texas. The objective of this Expert Meeting was to identify gaps and barriers that need to be addressed by future research, and to develop data-driven technical recommendations for code updates so that a common approach for combustion safety can be adopted by all members of the building energy efficiency and code communities. The DOE BA program focuses on reducing energy consumption in the nation's housing stock through smart integration of energy efficient design and upgrades. The target is 30%-50% energy savings captured through the application of many measures, including reduction in air infiltration, equipment upgrades, smart controls, and thermal envelope improvements.

关键词：节能；建筑；空气渗透；能源消耗

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The purpose of this project was to retire key risks and overcome the technical barriers to implementing an ORC with Direct Evaporation. R&D was conducted through a partnership between the Idaho National Laboratory (INL) and General Electric (GE) Global Research Center (GRC). The project consisted of four research tasks: (1) Detailed Design & Modeling of the ORC Direct Evaporator, (2) Design and Construction of Partial Prototype Direct Evaporator Test Facility, (3) Working Fluid Decomposition Chemical Analyses, and (4) Prototype Evaluation. Issues pertinent to the selection of an ORC working fluid, along with thermodynamic and design considerations of the direct evaporator, were identified.

关键词：节能；蒸发器；排气系统；朗肯循环系统；余热利用

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The objective of this project is to examine the impact that common installation practices and age-induced equipment degradation may have on the installed performance of natural gas furnaces, as measured by steady-state efficiency and AFUE. PARR identified 12 furnaces of various ages and efficiencies that were operating in residential homes in the Des Moines, Iowa metropolitan area and worked with a local heating, ventilation, and air conditioning contractor to retrieve them and test them for steady-state efficiency and AFUE in the lab. Prior to removal, system airflow, static pressure, equipment temperature rise, and flue loss measurements were recorded for each furnace.

关键词：节能；天然气炉；HVAC系统；实验室研究；性能评估

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This project focused on the use of home energy ratings as a tool to promote energy retrofits in existing homes. A home energy rating provides a quantitative appraisal of a home's asset performance, usually compared to a benchmark such as the average energy use of similar homes in the same region. Home rating systems can help motivate homeowners in several ways. Ratings can clearly communicate a home's achievable energy efficiency potential, provide a quantitative assessment of energy savings after retrofits are completed, and show homeowners how they rate compared to their neighbors, thus creating an incentive to conform to a more >social standard. An important consideration is how rating tools for the retrofit market will integrate with existing home energy service programs. For residential programs that target energy savings only, home visits should be focused on key efficiency measures for that home. In order to gain wide adoption, a rating tool must be easily integrated into the field process, demonstrate consistency and reasonable accuracy to earn the trust of home energy technicians, and have a low monetary cost and time hurdle for homeowners. Along with the Home Energy Score, this project also evaluated the energy modeling performance of SIMPLE and REM/Rate.

关键词：节能；能源审计；能源消耗；性能评估

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采用次氯酸钠氧化法对臭氧氧化烟气脱硫脱硝的副产物亚硝酸盐进行转化试验研究,得到了不同工况下亚硝酸盐的氧化反应特性.结果表明:在仅含NO2-的溶液中加入等量次氯酸钠(NaClO),亚硝酸盐氧化效率仅为60%~65%;氧化效率随着反应溶液pH值的降低而升高,弱酸性环境(pH=5~7)中NaClO的氧化性最强;在25℃、溶液pH值为5~6的工况下,NaClO用量为理论需用量的1.1倍时,10min内可将NaNO2完全氧化为NaNO3,且过量的NaClO可在24h内完全分解。

关键词：烟气脱硫脱硝；氧化法；亚硝酸盐；NaClO；pH值

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