关键词：新营销时代；运营商；拼智慧

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In the last decade, sequencing technology has progressed rapidly, leading to much faster and cheaper production of short-read data. The challenge of assembling the reads into an accurate reconstruction of the sequenced genome, however, has increased. This is because the assembly problem is made more dicult when the reads are shorter, especially for genomesof most higher organisms, which contain complicated repeat structures. In this thesis we study the algorithmic problem of de novo DNA sequence assembly, focusing on the challenge of dealing with genomic repeats. We develop two new assembly tools, as well as initiate the study of information-theoretic limits of shotgun sequencing for realistic genomes.

关键词：基因组;统计方法;测序技术;信息理论

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This study examined how variations in the source and type of patient health data affected health care providers' perceptions of the trustworthiness and usefulness of the data. Overall, respondents (n=107) reported moderate to high levels of trust and usefulness of health status data from all sources. Technology sources were rated as more trustworthy than traditional, non-technology sources (paired t = -2.84, p ＜0.006). However, there was no significant difference between technology sources and non-technology sources (paired t = -1.63, p ＜0.108) in perceived usefulness for clinical decision making.

关键词：技术评估；生物医学；决策；信托

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Much of the difficulty in reaching consistent evaluations of radiology and pathology imaging studies arises from subjective impressions of individual observers. Developing strategies that can reliably transform complex visual observations into well-defined algorithmic procedures is an active area of exploration which can advance clinical practice, investigative research and outcome studies. The literature shows that when characterizations are based upon computer-aided analysis, objectivity, reproducibility and sensitivity improve considerably. Advanced imaging and computational tools could potentially enable investigators to detect and track subtle changes in measurable parameters leading to the discovery of novel diagnostic and prognostic clues which are not apparent by human visual inspection alone. The overarching objective of this book chapter is to provide readers with a summary of the origin, evolution and future directions for the fields of automated image interpretation and computer-assisted diagnostics. The chapter begins with a high-level overview of the fields of image processing, pattern recognition, and computer vision followed by a description of how these disciplines relate to the more comprehensive fields of computer-assisted diagnostics and image guided decision support. Throughout the remainder of the chapter we have supplied multiple illustrative examples demonstrating how recent advances and innovations in each of these areas have impacted clinical and research activities throughout pathology and radiology including high-throughput tissue microarray analysis, multi-spectral imaging, and image co-registration.

关键词：放射学；病理学；计算机辅助分析；图像处理

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Access Point (AP) selection is an important problem in WLANs as it a ects the throughput of the joining station (STA). Existing approaches to AP selection predominantly use received signal power and as such, do not take into account interference and collisions at each STA, and transmit opportunities (TXOPs) at APs. In this paper, we propose a class of AP selection algorithms based on the joining STA's ex- pected throughput by taking into account the above factors. Speci cally, we collect a binary-valued local channel occupancy signal, called busy-idle (BI) signal, at each node and require the APs to periodically broadcast their BI signal together with a quantity that represents TXOPs at the APs. This enables the joining STA to estimate expected throughput for each candidate AP before it selects one. To capture TXOPs at each AP, we propose a few di erent quantities, including the number of associated STAs, sum of inverse of MAC rates, and the average waiting and idle times. We use NS-2 simulations to demonstrate the e ectiveness of our algorithms. For a random topology consisting of 24 APs and 60 STAs, our algorithms can increase average throughput of the joining STA by as much as 52% as compared to the tradi- tional signal power based AP selection approach (rxpwr). In this case, the achieved average throughput is 97% of that obtained via the optimal selection. We also show that, in contrast to rxpwr, the throughput of our proposed algorithms remain close to optimal with the increase in AP density or STA density.

关键词：无线局域网;接入点;常态接合站;吞吐量

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The TDOA localization algorithm for wireless sensor networks can help us measure the time differences of an unknown node to more anchor nodes,which establish nonlinear equation of the differential distance between unknown node and anchor node.Newton iteration is the crucial method for nonlinear equation numerical solutions,so using the Newton iterative method can better achieve nonlinear optimization in TDOA location.The simulation results indicate that the algorithm can meet the requirement of localization and possesses the preferable localization precision.

关键词：无线传感器网络；牛顿迭代；非线性；到达时差定位

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Agricultural information technology (AIT) has been broadly applied to every aspect of agriculture and has become the most effective means & tools for improving agricultural productivity.As an important sub-technology of AIT,the using of technology of Infonnation Acquisition directly affects the degree of agricultural inforrnatization and accuracy of agricultural production's decision.In this paper,on the basis of introducing the characteristics of farmland production and traditional data collecting method,the designing architecture of farmland information acquisition system and related core technologies was discussed in detail.

关键词：农业信息采集；物联网；无线传感器网络

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随着系统规模的扩大,并行计算的性能不断提高,但可靠性却也在不断下降,因此需要采用某种容错机制来容忍或恢复硬件故障和数据错误.目前常用的容错机制Checkpoint/Restart和多模冗余均引入了额外的开销,这些开销均在某种程度上制约了并行计算的可扩展性.因此,在高性能计算需求不断增长的今天,可扩展容错机制的设计显得尤为迫切和重要.以三模冗余(triple modular redundancy,简称TMR)为典型案例,描述了传统TMR在大规模MPI 并行计算上的实现方法,分析了该机制所面临的实际问题,进而指出传统TMR制约了并行计算的扩展.根据该技术所面临的问题,设计了可扩展三模冗余(scalable triple modular redundancy,简称STMR),并进一步验证了其有效性和可扩展性.该机制不仅能够处理Checkpoint/Restart针对的fail-stop故障,还能够解决绝大部分硬件不能直接感知的数据错误.最后,借用BlueGene/L的系统参数进行模拟,预测当系统规模增大时,在分别采用TMR和STMR的情况下并行计算可扩展性的变化,结果进一步验证了STMR是可扩展的容错机制.

关键词：容错机制；可扩展性；三模冗余；大规模并行计算；MPI

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CP-nets是一种简单而又直观的图形化偏好表示工具,成为近几年人工智能的一个研究热点.然而,任意二值CP-nets上的强占优算法还没有给出,CP-nets可表示的偏好的完备性还无人研究,CP-nets所能表示的偏好是否一致也还未彻底解决.基于CP-nets上的强占优运算研究CP-nets的完备性和一致性.首先,通过构造CP-nets导出图及其性质的研究,得出强占优的本质是求取翻转关系的传递闭包,从而利用Warshall算法求出可判断任意CP-nets的强占优;其次,通过求取3种不同结构(可分离的、链表结构和树形结构)的CP-nets的偏好个数,给出了CP-nets可表达的偏好的不完备性定理,并给出了可分离的CP-nets中偏好的计数公式;最后,研究CP-nets的一致性,给出了CP-nets的一致性判定定理及其算法.所做工作不仅解决了Boutilier和Goldsmith提出的一些难题,还深化了CP-nets的基础理论研究.

关键词：强占优；偏好的完备性；偏好的一致性；翻转关系的传递闭包；可分离的条件偏好网；判定定理及算法

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基于学习的超分辨率方法通常根据低分辨率图像从样本库中选取若干特征相似的匹配对象,再使用优化算法进行超分辨率估计,但其结果受匹配对象的质量限制,并且匹配特征一般只选择图像的几何结构信息,匹配准确性较低.提出了稀疏字典编码的超分辨率模型,将高、低分辨率图像特征块统一进行稀疏编码,建立高、低分辨率图像的稀疏关联,同步实现匹配搜索和优化估计,突破了上述方法的限制.应用形态分量分析法提取图像的特征数据,提高了特征匹配的准确性,并同步实现超分辨率重建和降噪功能.优化方法采用稀疏K-SVD算法以提高稀疏字典编码的计算速度.采用自然图像进行实验与其他基于学习的超分辨率算法相比,重建所得到的图像质量更优.

关键词：超分辨率；稀疏字典；基于学习；形态分量分析；稀疏K-SVD

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