【目的】胶质类芽孢杆菌(Paenibacillus mucilaginosus)和慢生大豆根瘤菌(Bradyrhizobium japonicum)作为微生物肥料的生产菌种,凭借其良好的解钾溶磷促生效果及共生固氮功能,广泛应用于农业生产,目前对其单一菌种促生或固氮效果及机理已有较多报道。本研究旨在开展胶质类芽孢杆菌与慢生大豆根瘤菌复合接种研究,评价其接种效果,并对作用机理初探,为开发功能复合型微生物菌剂,丰富微生物肥料产品提供技术支持。【方法】田间小区试验在山东省泰安市农业科学院邱家店科研基地进行。设T1(空白对照),T2(胶质类芽孢杆菌3016单接种),T3(慢生大豆根瘤菌5136单接种),T4(胶质类芽孢杆菌3016和慢生大豆根瘤菌5136复合接种)和T5(常规施肥)5个处理,4次重复。分析大豆播种前(0 d)、花荚期(50 d)、鼓粒期(80 d)和成熟期(110 d)土壤肥力、土壤微生物区系的变化及对大豆品质的影响。【结果】接种胶质类芽孢杆菌和大豆根瘤菌的各处理均能提高单株籽粒重、产量和收获指数,其中以复合接种处理效果最优,分别高于对照处理12.8%、9.3%和41.0%,且差异显著;该处理下,大豆茎叶和籽粒的氮、磷、钾含量都具有较高水平,特别是籽粒钾、茎叶氮和茎叶磷,分别比对照提高了5.7%、9.3%和38.5%,复合接种能显著提高大豆产量和品质。在土壤肥力方面,施用胶质类芽孢杆菌、根瘤菌和化学肥料对土壤全氮、速效磷、速效钾和有机质均有一定程度的改善和提高,其中以复合接种效果最佳,成熟期各指标分别比对照提高了16.5%、43.7%、8.5%和15.5%;相对于化学肥料,施用胶质类芽孢杆菌和慢生大豆根瘤菌的各处理,对土壤肥力提高效果更有持久性且对土壤p H影响更小,其中复合接种能显著改善土壤肥力。除此之外,复合接种还能够丰富土壤微生物群落多样性,提高微生物总量,尤其是增加细菌和放线菌数量,抑制真菌增长,有利于土壤实现由“真菌型”向“细菌型”的良性转变。典型对应分析结果表明,p H和速效钾是引起土壤细菌群落变化的主控环境因子。【结论】胶质类芽孢杆菌和慢生大豆根瘤菌复合接种不仅能够改善大豆品质、增加产量,还能提高土壤肥力、改善土壤微生物区系,是一种节本增效的施肥方式,具有良好的应用前景。

关键词：胶质类芽孢杆菌；慢生大豆根瘤菌；复合接种；大豆；土壤肥力；微生物数量；PCR-DGGE

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关键词：农村；农村电商；农业经营

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报告对农业的政策导向、资产运营、国外农业、价格预测、数据分析、上市公司方面的研究与分析。

关键词：农业；农村；政策；改革

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报告对农业的政策导向、资产运营、国外农业、价格预测、数据分析、上市公司方面的研究与分析。

关键词：农业；农村；政策；改革

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The world population is growing at an alarming rate. It is estimated that by 2050, the global population will grow more than 9 billion. With the rising population, the demand for food will increase. In addition, the demand for animal feed and biofuel will boost agricultural production. This is likely to reduce the arable land as increasing number of people will be living in cities. Soil erosion and land pollution are also responsible for the reduction in the size of arable land per person. This puts pressure on farmers to improve their crop yield with limited agricultural land, increasing the demand for agrochemicals that help enhance crop yield and quality.

关键词：粮食需求；增加；动物饲料；生物燃料；提高；农业制作；农药

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There is currently much research on agricultural robots being conducted worldwide. In addition, governments and research institutions in many countries are allocating grants to develop next-generation agricultural robots. For instance, the United States Department of Agriculture (USDA) provided a $4.3 million research fund to the National Institute of Food and Agriculture in 2014 for developing advanced agricultural robots. Developed nations, especially the US and members of the EU, are spending heavily on developing advanced robots that can be used for commercial purposes. This continued research and innovation will boost the global agriculture robots market during the forecast period.

关键词：农业机器人；研究；USDA；商业目的；创新

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报告对农业的政策导向、资产运营、国外农业、价格预测、数据分析、上市公司方面的研究与分析。

关键词：农业；农村；政策；改革

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Agricultural adjuvants are substances that enhance the properties of pesticides to control unwanted pests, weeds, and diseases. Adjuvants do not control pests directly as they do not function as an active substance; rather they are used to amplify pesticide efficiency. Adjuvants can be included in the formulation as an "in-can" (in-built) component or can be added to a spray solution as a tank mix. Adjuvants are classified by type as utility or activator adjuvants. They are also classified by application as herbicides, fungicides, and insecticides.

关键词：农业助剂；提高；农药的属性；控制；害虫；杂草；疾病；扩增农药效率

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Turmeric is not new in India. The product has been India's golden spice for the past five centuries. It is one of the very few Indian products that is perceived to have both commercial as well as mythological significance. Perhaps this is the reason that in almost every Indian household turmeric is used not only as culinary agent but also as a cosmetic and during festivities. However, being a kharif crop, the productivity of the spice is very uncertain. In the past, its productivity has been severely hampered due to various environmental hazards and unseasonal rainfall.

关键词：姜黄；黄金香料；环境危害；非季节性降雨；印度产品

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 【目的】选取不同品种鸡为研究对象,分析肉鸡原料肉以及蒸煮肉样品质,为筛选鸡肉蒸煮加工专用品种提供参考。【方法】分别测定10个不同品种鸡原料肉的16项品质指标以及经过蒸煮加工后肉样的9项品质指标。对所测得的指标进行相关分析,建立原料肉品质与蒸煮肉样品质的相关性;运用因子分析筛选出蒸煮加工的品质评价指标;运用层次分析,确定品质评价指标的权重;运用“合理-满意度”的评价方法,确定综合评价得分;并结合聚类分析,将10个品种肉鸡分为不同等级;运用回归分析,进行综合评价模型验证。【结果】不同品种鸡胸肉基本品质指标之间呈显著差异性(P<0.05)。经过煮制,样品的剪切力、硬度、弹性以及咀嚼性均增加,肌节长度缩短,但品种之间收缩率呈显著差异,其中柴母鸡肌节收缩率为30.41%,显著高于其他9种鸡(P<0.05),而矮脚鸡肌节收缩率为4.99%。品种间原料肉及其煮制肉样品质指标变异较大。其中,原料肉指标中脂肪含量和肌原纤维密度的变异系数较大,分别为60.51%和48.62%,但是在加工产品中肌节收缩率、咀嚼性和剪切力的变异系数较大,分别为48.33%,34.64%和20.51%,因此,10个品种肉鸡可以作为代表样品。相关分析结果表明,原料肉指标脂肪含量、亮度值(L*)、剪切力、蒸煮损失率、硬度、咀嚼性、肌节长度、肌节收缩率及体积收缩率与煮制肉样的品质指标相关性极显著(P<0.01),其中原料肉的剪切力与产品剪切力,原料肉的硬度和咀嚼性与产品硬度之间相关系数分别达到0.59、0.62和0.48;因子分析结果表明,前5个因子的特征值均大于0.8,同时9个品质指标中(脂肪含量、L*、剪切力、蒸煮损失率、硬度、咀嚼性、肌节长度、肌节收缩率及体积收缩率)7个指标对前5个因子的贡献率较大。因此,筛选出原料肉指标脂肪含量、剪切力、硬度、咀嚼性、肌节长度、肌节收缩率及体积收缩率作为品质评价指标,代表原来所有指标的90.09%的信息;层次分析确立品质评价指标的权重,分别为0.0603、0.1045、0.0920、0.2223、0.0416、0.1898及0.2896,同时建立品质评价方程为Y=0.0603×M脂肪含量+0.1045×M剪切力+0.0920×M硬度+0.2223×M咀嚼性+0.0416×M肌节长度+0.1898×M肌节收缩率+0.2896×M体积收缩率;通过聚类分析,将10个品种鸡分为3类;回归分析结果表明,评价模型与感官评价结果相近,其回归方程为y=1.899x-0.510,相关系数为0.887,综合评价模型可以较准确的评价鸡肉蒸煮加工适宜性。【结论】在10个品种肉鸡中,通过原料肉品质指标进行分析,清远鸡、白羽肉鸡和童子鸡最适宜蒸煮加工,柴母鸡不适宜蒸煮。

关键词：鸡；品种；蒸煮；加工适宜性；品质评价；多元数据统计分析

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