The Office of Waste Processing, within the Office of Technology Innovation and Development, funded the development of an enhanced Caustic-Side Solvent Extraction (CSSX) solvent for deployment at the Savannah River Site for removal of cesium from High Level Waste. This effort lead to the development of the Next Generation Solvent (NGS) with Tris(3,7-dimethyl octyl) guanidine (TiDG). The first deployment target for the NGS solvent is within the Modular CSSX Unit (MCU). Deployment of a new chemical within an existing facility requires verification that the new chemical components are compatible with the installed equipment. In the instance of a new organic solvent, the primary focus is on compatibility of the solvent with organic polymers used in the affected facility. This report provides the calculated data from exposing these polymers to the Next Generation Solvent. An assessment of the dimensional stability of polymers known to be used or present in the MCU, Defense Waste Processing Facility (DWPF), and Saltstone facilities that will be exposed to the NGS showed that TiDG could selectively affect the elastomers and some thermoplastics to varying extents, but the typical use of these polymers in a confined geometry will likely prevent the NGS from impacting component performance. The polymers identified as of primary concern include Grafoil (flexible graphite), Tefzel, Isolast, ethylene-propylene-diene monomer (EPDM) rubber, nitrile-butadiene rubber (NBR), styrene-butadiene rubber (SBR), ultra high molecular weight polyethylene (UHMWPE), and fluorocarbon rubber (FKM). Certain polymers like NBR and EPDM were found to interact mildly with NGS but their calculated swelling and the confined geometry will impede interaction with NGS. In addition, it was found that Vellumoid (cellulose fibers-reinforced glycerin and protein) may leach protein and Polyvinyl Chloride (PVC) may leach plasticizer (such as Bis-Ethylhexyl-Phthalates) into the NGS solvent.

关键词：放射性废物；溶剂萃取法；聚合物；化学成分

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Military piers in marine environments are typically supported atop steel-reinforced concrete piles that are subject to corrosion and concrete deterioration. The failure of even one pile presents a risk of catastrophic structural failure and interruption of operations. Patching deteriorated concrete does not stop corrosion of the reinforcement and may even accelerate it. An impact and corrosion protection wrap (ICPW) system, incorporating a composite structural wrap and cathodic protection system, was designed to rehabilitate deteriorated steel-reinforced concrete marine piles in service at Kawaihae Harbor, HI. The purpose of the technology is to reduce pier life-cycle costs and downtime by inhibiting corrosion-related damage to steel-reinforced concrete piles. The ICPW system consists of a composite reinforced polymeric wrap with an integrated galvanic anode to provide protection in the tidal splash zone. Corrosion activity in 20 rehabilitated piles on two piers was monitored using reference electrodes and data loggers. Results of the demonstration indicate that the system can protect and extend the life of in- service reinforced concrete structural piles in a corrosive marine environment. An economic analysis determined that full implementation of the system on all piles of the two demonstration piers would provide 3.16 return on investment.

关键词：阴极保护；腐蚀；聚合物；钢筋混凝土；高分子材料

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Fiber-reinforced polymer matrix composite materials display quite complex deformation and failure behavior under ballistic/blast impact loading conditions. This complexity is generally attributed to a number of factors such as (a) hierarchical/multi-length scale architecture of the material microstructure; (b) nonlinear, rate-dependent and often pressure-sensitive mechanical response; and (c) the interplay of various intrinsic phenomena and processes such as fiber twisting, interfiber friction/sliding, etc. Material models currently employed in the computational engineering analyses of ballistic/blast impact protective structures made of this type of material do not generally include many of the aforementioned aspects of the material dynamic behavior. Consequently, discrepancies are often observed between computational predictions and their experimental counterparts. To address this problem, the results of an extensive set of molecular-level computational analyses regarding the role of various microstructural/morphological defects on the Kevlar fiber mechanical properties are used to upgrade one of the existing continuum-level material models for fiber-reinforced composites. The results obtained show that the response of the material is significantly affected as a result of the incorporation of microstructural effects both under quasi-static simple mechanical testing condition and under dynamic ballistic-impact conditions.

关键词：纤维增强复合材料;基体材料;力学性能;聚合物;轴向载荷

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We have designed and synthesized highly porous COFs and MOFs as functional architectures that are capable of capturing volatile TICs. In parallel, we have explored novel crystalline porous materials that have reactive sites and functionalities, which can be controlled by an external stimulus. We demonstrated that reticular chemistry facilitates the design and synthesis of new robust COFs, as well as isoreticular covalent functionalization and metallation. In addition, a MOF with self-contained photo- active switches was prepared. As stimuli-responsive functional molecules that can release multiple copies of nucleophilic agents to combat electrophilic CWAs, we have developed linear/branched oligoether/esters. Upon cleavage of a Si-O bond, fast and repetitive QM rearrangement occur along the molecular backbone to release phenoxide derivatives that detoxify OP agent simluant. The progress of such reaction could be visually monitored by a large enhancement in the fluorescence intensity, which allows for detection and detoxification achieved by a single integrated molecular system. These functional modules could be grafted onto chemically modified inorganic surfaces. Shape-persistent conducting polymers were also prepared from borasiloxane cage molecules. The light-absorbing properties and electrical conductivities of these materials change in a reversible fashion upon exposure to volatile TICs.

关键词：学战剂；中和；多孔材料；高分子材料；化学剂仿制品

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The major accomplishments during the tenure of this proposal include: Designed target test patterns of optical grating devices and fabricated e-beam lithography-based master molds. Printed micro and nanostructures using a newly developed spin-on nanoprinting (SNAP) technique. SNAP is a simple and easy technique to print any optical structures. The contractor demonstrated that this technique can be used to print grating structures on a silicon substrate.

关键词：光电子技术；光栅（光谱）；聚合物；铵化合物；脱氧核糖核酸

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Laminated Carbon Fiber Reinforced Polymer (CFRP) composites are very effective in weight saving in aeronautical structural components. It is, however, difficult to detect damage such as delamination, matrix cracks, and local fiber breakages caused by low velocity impact loading. In the previous study in 2009, Time Domain Reflectometry (TDR) method was applied to a unidirectional laminated CFRP structure for the first time. In 2010, the research applied the TDR method for the CFRP laminates. In the present study, therefore, actual impact damage is employed instead for the TDR. Electrical contact between fiber fragments exists in these micro-buckling regions although the electrical resistance becomes very high at the micro-buckling point. We have to investigate the applicability of the TDR method for the impact damage. A low speed impact test is performed to a cross-ply CFRP plate, and impact damage is made at the surface of the CFRP plate. TDR is applied to the cross- ply CFRP plate. The result shows that the reflected signal can be observed after the impact test. This result indicates that the TDR method is useful for detection of the low speed impact damages.

关键词：复合材料；纤维增强塑料；屈曲；碳纤维

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The dynamic viscoelastic properties of solution polymerized styrene-butadiene (SSBR) filled with different proportion of carbon black and silica were studied by using the rubber processing analyzer (RPA2000) and DMA under different scanning conditions.The results indicated that in the first strain sweeping process,the storage modulus (G') reduced gradually with the increase of ratio of carbon black,and the function of coupling agent (Si69) decreased.During the secondary strain sweeping process,it was found that with the increase of sweeping time interval,the stress softening phenomenon abates.On the other hand,through three strain sweeping,it was considered that the effect of Payne was not caused only by the factor of filler-net.

关键词：炭黑；二氧化硅；SSBR；动态特性

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Reconfigurable multifunctional structures, which allow combined changes of shape, functionality and mechanical properties on demand, require new adaptive materials and novel chemistry that permit reversible modulation of mechanical properties in effective manner. They also demand the development of robust modeling and design tools based on a fundamental understanding of the complex and time-variant properties of the material and mechanization structure in diverse environments. In this research, we: (1) developed two new classes of two-way shape memory polymers (SMPs); (2) fostered these two SMPs to free- standing SMP composites with enhanced reversible modulation through novel composite design; (3) pursued a fundamental understanding of underlying physics of the proposed two-way SMPs and composites; (4) established modeling and simulation-design tools for applications of these novel materials for reconfigurable aerospace structures; and (5) explored design, fabrication and testing of novel SMP devices enabling for Air Force applications.

关键词：复合材料；聚合物；执行器；自适应系统；机械性能

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The main goal of this project has been to demonstrate the existence of novel extended solids at high pressures and temperatures and establish the viability of new functional, high energy density materials such as high- strength, insensitive CN polymers and super-oxidizing extended fluorides. There has been no major change to this original goal, and significant progresses have been made in both discoveries of the proposed functional, high-energy density candidates and developments of enabling technologies for bulk synthesis and characterization of energetic materials.

关键词：聚合物；能量性质；氟化物；高压；高分子材料

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关键词：有机材料；聚合物；高分子材料；嵌段共聚物；碳纳米管

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