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25631.乙烯-乙酸乙烯酯共聚物/氢化丁腈橡胶共混物的相态结构和低温性能研究
[化学原料和化学制品制造业] [2014-12-23]
随着橡胶材料在各个行业和领域的应用以及对材料环保性要求的提高,无卤阻燃橡胶已成为必然的发展趋势。乙烯-乙酸乙烯酯共聚物(EVM)由乙烯和乙酸乙烯酯单体共聚而成,当乙酸乙烯酯链节质量分数超过0.40时具有明显的橡胶性能。EVM阻燃性能优异,此外还具有良好的耐老化性能、耐油性能和耐酸碱性能,已在各个行业,特别是电线电缆行业得到广泛应用。氢化丁腈橡胶(HNBR)是由丁腈橡胶加氢后制得,与EVM-样具有良好的耐候和耐介质(如耐油、耐酸碱)性能,此外还具有较高的力学强度、耐磨性能和耐低温屈挠性能,但价格昂贵,限制了其应用范围。 EVM和HNBR的溶解度参数和极性比较接近,因此两者的热力学相容性较好。采用EVM与HNBR共混可以平衡物理性能、耐老化性能和耐低温屈挠等性能,从而制得综合性能更加优异的无卤阻燃橡胶复合材料。申迎军等,研究了不同共混比EVM/HNBR共混物的耐热和耐油等性能,但对EVM/HNBR共混物的相态结构没有提及。本研究采用熔融共混法制备不同共混比的EVM/HNBR共混物,并研究其相态结构和低温性能。
关键词:乙烯-乙酸乙烯酯共聚物/;氢化丁腈橡胶;相态结构;低温性能
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25632.石化汇编-第685期
[化学原料和化学制品制造业,石油加工、炼焦和核燃料加工业] [2014-12-22]
报告从战略性分析、环境信息、竞争对手情报、资讯信息快报、市场行情与数据分析等几个方面对石油化工行业进行了分析评论。
关键词:石油化工;战略性分析;环境信息;竞争对手情报;资讯信息快报;市场行情
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25633.全球SOFC市场报告(2015-2019年)
[化学原料和化学制品制造业,电力、热力、燃气及水生产和供应业,计算机、通信和其他电子设备制造业] [2014-12-22]
An SOFC is a device that generates electricity through an electrochemical process that involves oxidation of electrolytes when placed between two electrodes - anode and cathode. Fuel cells are generally categorized based on the type of electrolyte material used in them; an SOFC uses a solid oxide or ceramic electrolyte. Some of the advantages of an SOFC include low cost, low emissions, long-term stability, high efficiency, and fuel flexibility. Its high fuel flexibility permits the use of cheap, safe, and readily available fuels such as hydrocarbons, natural gas, hydrogen, methanol, and syngas. An SOFC, however, requires a high operating temperature, usually within the range of 932 degrees Fahrenheit to 1,832 degrees Fahrenheit, for the activation of ceramics. This high operating temperature leads to mechanical and chemical compatibility issues and longer start-up times.
关键词:SOFC;电化学过程;产生电力设备;电解质
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25634.我国乙烯工业现状与发展前景
[化学原料和化学制品制造业] [2014-12-22]
我国乙烯表观消费量已由2000 年478.59 万t 增长到2008 年1096.3 万t、2009 年1173.1万t、2010 年1499.7 万t、2011 年1632.5 万t、2012 年1629 万t 和2013 年1792.9 万t。2013 年中国乙烯产量为1622.5 万t,进口量为170.4 万t,表观消费量为1792.90 万t,产量/表观消费量为90.5%,进口量/表观消费量为9.5%。
关键词:乙烯;工业现状;发展前景
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25635.玄武岩短纤维增强硅橡胶复合材料的制备及性能
[橡胶和塑料制品业,化学纤维制造业,化学原料和化学制品制造业] [2014-12-22]
硅橡胶具有良好的耐热性、耐候性、耐寒性、介电性、耐臭氧性和耐老化性能等,且使用温度宽,可在-60℃(或更低温度)至250℃(或更高的温度)下长期使用。但硅橡胶的拉伸强度和撕裂强度等力学性能较差,在常温下其力学性能不及大多数合成橡胶。针对硅橡胶力学性能较差和不能单独加工成型的问题,本研究通过加入化学组成与玻璃纤维相似的玄武岩纤维(BF)来改善硅橡胶的力学性能,以制备性能优异的硅橡胶复合材料,考察了硅烷偶联剂Si69与KH550、BF用量和硫化条件对复合材料力学性能的影响。
关键词:玄武岩短纤维;硅橡胶复合材料;制备及性能
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25636.多晶硅副产物四氯化硅的综合应用研究进展
[化学原料和化学制品制造业] [2014-12-22]
随着全球光伏产业的迅猛发展,多晶硅产业发展迅速。据统计,2011年,中国多晶硅产量达到8.2万t,居世界首位,初步解决了国内多晶硅供应瓶颈问题,奠定了光伏产业发展的基础。截至2012年底,中国多晶硅产能约18万t/a,国内消费14.3万t/a,如果下游企业产能全部释放,将消耗多晶硅20余万t/a。工业和信息化部2012年发布的《太阳能光伏产业“十二五"发展规划》中将高纯多晶硅列为“十二五"发展的重点,并指出:支持骨干企业做优做强,到2015年多晶硅领先企业产能达到5万t级,骨干企业产能达到万t级水平。因此,大力发展太阳能光伏产业是保障中国能源供应、建设低碳社会、推动经济结构调整、培育战略性新兴产业的重要方向。目前,国内生产多晶硅多采用改良西门子法,而此法每生产1t多晶硅将会产生10-15t左右的副产物四氯化硅(SiCl4),若直接排放,将严重污染环境。党的“十八大"将“四位一体"拓展为包括生态文明建设的“五位一体",提出“永葆碧水蓝天,继续着力加强生态保护"的口号。同时,面对国内“资源约束趋紧"的严峻形势,SiCl4传统贴钱“外包"的处理方式现已改变,越来越多的企业视其为一种潜在的资源,开发其向三氯氢硅、白炭黑、硅酸酯类、光纤原料高纯SiCl4等的转化技术路线。因此,经济、安全、环保、资源化利用SiCl4,是企业实现节能减排和循环利用的关键,同时也是企业面临的重大技术难题。
关键词:多晶硅;四氯化硅;综合应用;研究进展
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25637.全球对二甲苯PX市场报告(2014-2018年)
[化学原料和化学制品制造业] [2014-12-20]
PX, an aromatic hydrocarbon, is the basic raw material for the commercial production of Purified Terephthalic Acid (PTA) and Dimethyl Terephthalate (DMT), which are further used to produce polyester. The basic raw material for producing PX is naphtha. The PX production process includes the conversion of naphtha into BTX, a mixture of benzene, toluene, and xylene, and separating PX by fractional crystallization. PX is an important petrochemical, as its endproduct – polyester – is used for various industrial purposes including textile manufacturing and packaging. It also finds usage as a solvent, along with being the raw material for the manufacture of Di-PX and Herbicides.
关键词:PX;芳香烃;对苯二甲酸;对苯二甲酸二甲酯;生产聚酯;纺织品制造;溶剂
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25638.全球生物肥料市场报告(2015-2019年)
[化学原料和化学制品制造业] [2014-12-20]
Biofertilizers are made from human, animal, and organic wastes and are natural and sustainable in nature. Biofertilizers contain microorganisms such as bacteria, algae, and fungi, alone, or in combination, and they enhance nutrient availability in plants. The benefits of biofertilizers include improved crop yields and soil fertility, and they also revive the soil quality. Biofertilizers can be broadly classified as nitrogen fixing, phosphate solubilizing, and others, including potash mobilizing and zinc mobilizing based on product type.
关键词:生物肥料;有机废物;天然;可持续;细菌;藻类;真菌
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25639.全球除草剂市场报告(2014-2018年)
[农、林、牧、渔业,化学原料和化学制品制造业] [2014-12-20]
Herbicides are a class of pesticides formulated to kill or restrict the growth of weeds that have a negative impact on crop nutrition and growth. They can also be synthesized from natural sources, and these herbicides are commonly known as bio-herbicides. An increase in the global demand for food has led to increased pressure on farmers to enhance crop yield. Hence, herbicides are being increasingly adopted to meet the demands. The major type of herbicides used is glyphosate-based herbicides. Herbicides are also used for non-crop applications such as turf and ornamental management.
关键词:除草剂;杀虫剂配制;限制杂草;作物营养;生长产生
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25640.全球土工膜市场报告(2014-2018年)
[建筑业,化学纤维制造业,化学原料和化学制品制造业] [2014-12-20]
Geomembranes are synthetic membrane liners used in geotechnical engineering to contain or control the flow of fluids or vapors. The two common processes used to manufactur geomembranes are calendering and extrusion; the raw materials used are polyethylene bitumen composites, or geotextiles in combination with polymer sprays, colorants, asphalt, or elastomers. HDPE, LDPE, PVC, PP, and EPDM are the most widely used forms. Geomembranes are vital to the Waste Management, Water Management, and Mining industries.
关键词:土工膜;岩土工程合成膜;控制流体;蒸汽;流动