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162891.农药环境管理项目。会员手册
[化学原料和化学制品制造业,水利、环境和公共设施管理业] [2013-11-28]
PESP is a voluntary program that fosters partnerships with pesticide users, educators, and related organizations who engage in reducing potential health and environmental risks associated with pests and pesticide use and in implementing pollution prevention strategies. PESP members are organized into one of four groups (according to pesticide use where people Live, Work, Play, and Farm) and progress through three tiered steps (Bronze, Silver, and Gold) to achieve the maximum benefit in the program. PESP members distinguish themselves as stewardship leaders in their respective fields of business and practice.
关键词：农药；环境风险；健康风险；害虫防治；污染防治
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162892.美国本土州每年的农业杀虫剂的使用估计,1992-2009。
[农、林、牧、渔业,化学原料和化学制品制造业] [2013-11-28]
A method was developed to calculate annual county-level pesticide use for selected herbicides, insecticides, and fungicides applied to agricultural crops grown in the conterminous United States from 1992 through 2009. Pesticide-use data compiled by proprietary surveys of farm operations located within Crop Reporting Districts were used in conjunction with annual harvested-crop acreage reported by the U.S. Department of Agriculture National Agricultural Statistics Service (NASS) to calculate use rates per harvested-crop acre, or an estimated pesticide use (EPest) rate, for each crop by year. Pesticide-use data were not available for all Crop Reporting Districts and years. When data were unavailable for a Crop Reporting District in a particular year, EPest extrapolated rates were calculated from adjoining or nearby Crop Reporting Districts to ensure that pesticide use was estimated for all counties that reported harvested-crop acreage. EPest rates were applied to county harvested-crop acreage differently to obtain EPest-low and EPest-high estimates of pesticide-use for counties and states, with the exception of use estimates for California, which were taken from annual Department of Pesticide Regulation Pesticide Use Reports.
关键词：农药；环境影响；除草剂；杀虫剂；杀菌剂；农作物
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162893.美国城市河流的农药浓度的趋势,1992-2008
[水利、环境和公共设施管理业,化学原料和化学制品制造业] [2013-11-28]
关键词：农药；水资源；土地利用；水污染抽样；降解；回归分析；
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162894.基于健康咨询:健康筛查水平评价:Azinphos-MethylPendimethalin,EPTC。华盛顿(WA)农业部农药脆弱性项目
[化学原料和化学制品制造业] [2013-11-28]
The Washington Department of Agriculture (AG) requested that the Washington Department of Health (DOH) evaluate whether the United States Geological Survey (USGS) health-based water screening levels (HBSLs) for the pesticides azinphos methyl, pendimethalin, and s-ethyl dipropylthiocarbamate (EPTC) are appropriate benchmarks for identifying whether these three pesticides, if found in Washington groundwater or surface water, might pose a possible health risk. DOH agreed to do this evaluation by comparing the USGS HBSLs to standard health benchmarks for water, if they exist. DOH's work was done in support of the Clean Water Fund contract between AG and the Washington Department of Ecology (Ecology).
关键词：农药；健康咨询；水污染监测；农产品；有毒物质；地下水；生态
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162895.美国地质调查局在萨克拉门托-圣华金三角洲地区地区的水和沉积物的农药浓度数据的编辑:1990-2010。
[化学原料和化学制品制造业] [2013-11-28]
What follows is a summary of publicly available USGS data for pesticide concentrations in surface water and sediments within the Sacramento-San Joaquin Delta region from the years 1990 through 2010. Data were retrieved though the USGS National Water Information System (NWIS) database, a publicly available online-data repository (U.S. Geological Survey, 1998), and from published USGS reports.
关键词：农药；地质调查；水文数据
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162896.CasaaCampo:农业工人家庭的农药安全
[农、林、牧、渔业,化学原料和化学制品制造业] [2013-11-28]
Casa a Campo: Pesticide Safety for Farmworker Families was an environmental justice community education project with five specific aims: (1) to conduct research that (a) documents the knowledge and beliefs of farmworker families in North Carolina about pesticide exposure and prevention at work and in the home, (b) documents pesticide exposure among farmworker families in North Carolina, and (c) documents other environmental health concerns that arise from community discussions among farmworker families in North Carolina; (2) to develop culturally and linguistically appropriate educational materials and implement programs that will promote ways to prevent or reduce exposure among farmworker families in North Carolina; (3) to develop culturally and linguistically appropriate educational materials and implement programs that will better prepare health care providers in North Carolina to recognize and treat pesticide exposure-related illness among agricultural labor families and counsel families on ways to prevent or reduce exposure; (4) to increase the capacity of the North Carolina Farmworkers' Project to involve community members in the documentation of environmental and occupational health risks and in education for the reduction of environmental and occupational health risks; and (5) to evaluate the process and outcomes of community participation in this project so that it can be used by other community-based organizations to engage community residents in efforts to reduce environmental risks in their own communities.
关键词：农药；环境暴露；职业安全与健康；农业工人；健康危害；安全项目；心理健康；心理影响；预防医学；社会学因素
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162897.保护儿童健康:国家农药计划
[卫生和社会工作] [2013-11-28]
The mission of the U.S. Environmental Protection Agency's (EPA's) Office of Pesticide Programs (OPP) is to protect human health and the environment from potential risks associated with pesticide use. When used properly, pesticides can help control disease-causing organisms and foster a safe and abundant food supply. It is OPP's goal to ensure that pesticides marketed in the United States are sold, distributed, and used in a way that is protective of people's health, particularly that of vulnerable populations like children. This requires that the Office use the best available science when reaching regulatory decisions, find ways to communicate those decisions effectively, develop educational and training opportunities to help pesticide users make informed choices, and ensure proper implementation of pesticide statutes.
关键词：农药；儿童；环境卫生；食品供应；健康危害；法规；决策；环境保护
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162898.加州监测和预防与工作有关的哮喘和职业的农药疾病
[卫生和社会工作,化学原料和化学制品制造业] [2013-11-28]
The Occupational Health Branch (OHB) of the California Department of Public Health aimed to characterize and prevent work-related asthma (WRA) and occupational pesticide illness (OPI) in California by developing a program of surveillance and intervention over a 5 year period. This was accomplished through a comprehensive program funded by a cooperative agreement from the National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health (NIOSH). The WRA and OPI program sought to describe and monitor trends using surveillance, to conduct both case-based and targeted worksite investigations in high risk occupations, to develop and provide prevention recommendations, to further develop collaborations that enhanced program impact, and to evaluate the program to ensure effectiveness . Key findings and accomplishments include: (1) A comprehensive surveillance system which identified over 3,100 cases of WRA and 2,700 cases of OPI statewide in 5 years. (2) An evaluation of reporting sources determined that multiple data sources are valuable and lead to improved surveillance. (3) Surveillance and follow-up data collection efforts generated important findings for prevention, including identifying high risk occupations, industries, and exposures. They also documented important information on disability and the impact of WRA and OPI on workers. (4) The overall rate of WRA and over 10 years was 2.3 per 100,000 employed in California. Particularly high rates of WRA were seen among local transit, lumber and wood product manufacturing, electric, gas and sanitary services, heavy construction, health services and social services industries. The highest rates of OPI were seen among nursery workers, pest control operators, and farm workers. Over the duration of the project, OPI and WRA staff conducted nearly 50 work site investigations. These investigations identified several common problems critical for prevention: effective and widely available control measures or alternatives are not installed or used correctly: exposures below regulatory limits (when they exist) may result in pesticide illness and asthma; inadequate training is common; and inadequate communication and regulation lead to unhealthful exposures in workplaces statewide. (5) Many interventions were accomplished, including policy and regulatory recommendations; the development of educational materials with a wide distribution among employers, public health professionals, trade groups, and workers; worker trainings; and the addition of prevention and exposure information into vocational training curricula.
关键词：农药；哮喘；职业疾病
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162899.调查报告：农药化学失控反应压力容器爆炸(两个死亡,八人受伤)
[化学原料和化学制品制造业] [2013-11-28]
On August 28, 2008, at about 10:35 p.m., a runaway chemical reaction occurred inside a 4,500 gallon pressure vessel known as a residue treater, causing the vessel to explode violently in the methomyl unit at the Bayer CropScience facility in Institute, West Virginia. Highly flammable solvent sprayed from the vessel and immediately ignited, causing an intense fire that burned for more than 4 hours. The fire was contained inside the Methomyl-Larvin insecticide unit by the Bayer CropScience fire brigade with mutual aid assistance from local volunteer and municipal fire departments. The incident occurred during the restart of the methomyl unit after an extended outage to upgrade the control system and replace the original residue treater vessel. Two company employees who had been dispatched by the control room personnel to investigate why the residue treater pressure was increasing were near the residue treater when it ruptured. One died from blunt force trauma and burn injuries sustained at the scene; the second died 41 days later at the Western Pennsylvania Burn Center in Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania. Six volunteer firefighters who assisted in the unit fire suppression activities and two contractors working at the facility were treated for possible toxic chemical exposure.
关键词：农药；化学爆炸；杀虫剂；有毒化学物质
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162900.二级职业农药接触对儿童的生长发育及神经行为发育的影响(即二次农药接触对婴儿，儿童和青少年的影响(ESPINA)研究)
[卫生和社会工作,化学原料和化学制品制造业] [2013-11-28]
Children of agricultural workers are at risk of pesticide contamination through secondary routes (e.g. take-home pathway). Animal and human studies suggest that pesticide intoxication in early childhood delays growth and neurodevelopment.
关键词：农药；儿童
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