Central venous access devices are devices inserted into the central venous system to administer medication or fluids, draw blood, and measure central venous pressure. These devices are made up of a non-irritant material such as silicone so that they can be left in place for several weeks or months. Central venous access devices are recommended when there is difficultly to obtain peripheral venous access or in case of certain intravenous therapies such as chemotherapy, total parenteral nutrition, prolonged medication, repeated transfusions of blood or blood products, and frequent blood sampling. These devices are inserted either by surgeons or interventional radiologists with or without the use of general anesthesia. CVCs, PICCS, and implantable ports are the most common types of central venous access device. The catheter has one end positioned outside the body and the ports are surgically placed under the skin and require a special needle for access. Occlusions are a common complication associated with these devices, which can be thrombotic, mechanical, and precipitate occlusions.

关键词：医疗器械；医疗设备；中心静脉通路装置；中心静脉系统；流体，抽血；测量；中央静脉压力

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Tires are an integral component of aircraft and are manufactured using raw materials such as natural rubber, nylon tire cord fabric, and carbon black. Rubber chemicals and synthetic rubber are also majorly used in the manufacture of aircraft tires. The Global Aircraft Tire market caters to customers segments such as passenger, cargo, and defense aircraft. Due to the increase in the number of aircraft being used in recent years, the global demand for aircraft tires is expected to witness steady growth over the next few years.

关键词：轮胎；飞机；天然橡胶；锦纶帘子布；炭黑

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The increase in the understanding of genomics and drug delivery systems facilitated the development of RNA therapeutics as a mode of drug delivery. RNAi drug delivery systems offer better bioavailability and mode of action for effective therapeutic benefits. Three types of RNAi drug delivery technologies include the nanoparticle-based RNAi delivery system, the nucleicacid-based drug delivery method, and the aptamer-based RNAi drug delivery system. The nanoparticle-based RNAi drug delivery systems represent the most popular system; while the nucleic-acid-based drug delivery method and the aptamer-based RNAi drug delivery system represent the niche upcoming technologies.

关键词：基因组学；药物输送；RNA疗法；药物传递

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An automotive turbocharger is a component that compresses air fed to a vehicle's engine. This helps the engine produce more power, offer improved fuel efficiency, and afford cleaner fuel combustion, thus improving overall performance. An automotive turbocharger mainly consists of three components: a turbine, a compressor, and center housing. Automotive turbochargers are further classified as standard, ball-bearing, twin-scroll, and variable-geometry/variable-nozzle turbochargers.

关键词：汽车；涡轮增压器；压缩空气；发动机；部件

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Halal is a term often linked with foods permissible under Islamic dietary guidelines. However, it is becoming more widely used in the Cosmetics industry. If a product is Halal approved, it does not contain alcohol, is not tested on animals, and does not contain animal ingredients such as collagen, hyaluronic acid, carmine sodium, cochineal, and glycerin, which reassures people that it is an entirely natural product. Though Halal cosmetics were initially prepared for Muslims,they are currently consumed globally by people of all religions and ethnic backgrounds as they are recognized for their safety, hygiene, and ethical quality, and this factor is driving the Global Halal Cosmetics and Personal Care market.

关键词：清真；穆斯林；银行；服装；食品；化妆品

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ALS, often referred to as Lou Gehrig's disease, is a progressive neurodegenerative disease that affects neurons in the brain and spinal cord. In ALS, degeneration of the motor neurons leads to their death. As a result the brain loses its ability to initiate and control muscle movement. Patients in the later stages of the disease may turn out to be totally paralyzed. Muscle twitches, cramps, tight and stiff muscles, slurred and nasal speech, and difficulties in chewing or swallowing are some of the common symptoms observed in ALS patients.

关键词：ALS；卢伽雷病；进行性神经变性疾病；失去；启动；控制；肌肉

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The Baby Food and Formula market in the US includes two types of products: infant formula and baby food products. The infant formula products are food provided to infants who are under 12 months of age.

关键词：婴儿食品；奶粉；市场；健康心理；身体发育；营养物质；平衡

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Water heaters are equipment that works based on the principle of thermodynamics and increases the temperature of water above its normal temperature. They can be classified into different types based on the source of energy used to heat water, as listed below.

关键词：热水器设备；热力学原理；电热水器；燃气热水器；太阳能热水器

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Reinsurance is a risk mitigation strategy adopted by insurance companies to spread their risk and make their business more profitable. Under this system, insurance companies reinsure their sum of insurance policies with reinsurance companies at a fraction of the premium. Sometimes reinsurance companies also sell such reinsurance to other reinsurance companies.

关键词：再保险；风险缓解策略；分散；保险政策

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2012年日本经济是继2011年日本东部地震后恢复和重建的一年.造纸产业也是同样,遭受破坏的东北地区的日本制纸、三菱制纸等都在返修设备.结果是,现在各工厂大体上都能恢复到震灾以前的生产状况.可是,这期间市场环境发生了很大变化,与震灾前相比因互联网和电子书籍的普及,以涂布纸为首的印刷、信息用纸,需求量未见增加,但纸张进口量增加,因此,使国内销售量减少.由于2012年12月日本出台了新政策,致2013年经济效果逐渐显现.本文概述了日本制浆造纸产业的现状,阐述了制浆造纸企业现有业务的研究开发与新业务开发的可能性.

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