The Southwest CO2 Training Center was initiated in November 2009 in response to the need to develop a generation of workers with expertise in carbon capture, utilization and storage (CCUS). Three universities ran the Training Center cooperatively: New Mexico Tech, the University of Utah and Texas A&M University. The overall approach of the Training Center was to conduct education and outreach at a wide range of educational levels, including K-12 students and teachers, undergraduate and graduate students, professionals, and the general public. Key activities included: (1) Outreach targeted development of a video game (Carbon Bond) for middle-school students. (2) A summer program for high-school students. (3) Training for K-12 educators in Utah with a program by the Keystone center on the Climate Status and two offerings of a Masters of Science Teaching class at New Mexico Tech (NMT) on Climate and Carbon Sequestration. (3) Development and approval of an undergraduate curriculum for a concentration in CCUS for geology majors offered at the Earth and Environmental Science Department at NMT. This included a new course in Carbon Sequestration Science and a field course in Reservoir and Caprock Geology. (4) A new graduate-level course in CCUS was developed and offered via distance education to students at the University of Utah (U of U), NMT and the University of Texas at El Paso (UTEP). (5) Professional training via a reservoir modeling class, opening up the university courses to professionals, and conducting three webinars on outreach and public perception in CCUS.

关键词：空气污染；空气污染控制；二氧化碳

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The US Department of Energy (DOE) is responsible for risk reduction and cleanup of its nuclear weapons complex. DOE maintains the largest cleanup program in the world, currently spanning over a million acres in 13 states. The inventory of contaminated materials includes 90 million gallons of radioactive waste, 6.4 trillion liters of groundwater, and 40 million cubic meters of soil and debris. It is not feasible to completely restore many sites to predisposal conditions. Any contamination left in place will require monitoring, engineering controls and/or land use restrictions to protect human health and environment. Research and development efforts to date have focused on improving characterization and remediation. Yet, monitoring will result in the largest life-cycle costs and will be critical to improving performance and protection. Through an inter-disciplinary effort, DOE is addressing a need to advance monitoring approaches from sole reliance on cost- and labor-intensive point-source monitoring to integrated systems-based approaches such as flux-based approaches and the use of early indicator parameters. Key objectives include identifying current scientific, technical and implementation opportunities and challenges, prioritizing science and technology strategies to meet current needs within the DOE complex for the most challenging environments, and developing an integrated and risk-informed monitoring framework.

关键词：环境评估；监控；清洁；污染

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In 2012, the Rocky Mountain Bird Observatory (RMBO), in cooperation with the National Park Service, completed its eighth year of a habitat-based landbird monitoring program in the Northern Colorado Plateau Inventory and Monitoring Network. This program is de- signed to provide rigorous population trend data for most diurnal, regularly occurring breed- ing landbird species throughout parks of the Northern Colorado Plateau Network (NCPN). This population information is useful for land managers and supports the National Park Services goal of long-term monitoring of biological indicators for network parks. The pro- gram is also consistent with goals emphasized by the U.S. North American Bird Conservation Initiative Monitoring Subcommittee (2007).

关键词：环境监测；自然资源管理；栖息地；采样；繁殖

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关键词：环境监测；自然资源管理；栖息地

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In August 2011, the NOAA National Ocean Service (NOS) conducted an assessment of the status of ecological condition of soft-bottom habitat and overlying waters of the continental shelf in the northwestern Gulf of Mexico (GOM). The original sampling design included 50 randomly selected sites from the Mississippi River delta to the U.S./Mexican border, representing a total area of 111,162 km2; however, vessel failures and inclement weather precluded sampling at 16 sites in the western-most part of the study region. Sampling was completed at the remaining 34 sites in offshore waters between the Mississippi River delta and Freeport, Texas, representing an estimated 75,591 km2. Field sampling followed standard methods and indicators applied in prior NOAA coastal studies and EPAs Environmental Monitoring and Assessment Program (EMAP) and National Coastal Assessment (NCA). A key feature adopted from these studies was the incorporation of a random probabilistic sampling design. Such a design provides a basis for making unbiased statistical estimates of the spatial extent of ecological condition relative to various measured indicators and corresponding thresholds of concern. Indicators included multiple measures of water quality, sediment quality, and biological condition (benthic fauna, fish tissue contaminant levels).

关键词：生态；海洋；墨西哥湾；环境监测

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The Underground Test Area (UGTA) activity is responsible for assessing and evaluating the effects of the underground nuclear weapons tests on groundwater at the Nevada National Security Site (NNSS), formerly the Nevada Test Site (NTS), and implementing a corrective action closure strategy. The UGTA strategy is based on a combination of characterization, modeling studies, monitoring, and institutional controls (i.e., monitored natural attenuation). The closure strategy verifies through appropriate monitoring activities that contaminants of concern do not exceed the SDWA at the regulatory boundary and that adequate institutional controls are established and administered to ensure protection of the public. Other programs conducted at the NNSS supporting the environmental mission include the Routine Radiological Environmental Monitoring Program (RREMP), Waste Management, and the Infrastructure Program. Given the current programmatic and operational demands for various water-monitoring activities at the same locations, and the ever-increasing resource challenges, cooperative and collaborative approaches to conducting the work are necessary. For this reason, an integrated sampling plan is being developed by the UGTA activity to define sampling and analysis objectives, reduce duplication, eliminate unnecessary activities, and minimize costs. The sampling plan will ensure the right data sets are developed to support closure and efficient transition to long-term monitoring.

关键词：水污染监测；放射性废物管理；污染；地下水

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The U.S. Renewable Fuel Standard (RFS2) is a strategic response to concerns under the Energy Independence and Security Act (EISA) of 2007 about petroleum fuel supplies and environmental sustainability (EPA 2012). RFS2 regulations mandate specific amounts of renewable fuels to be blended into gasoline and diesel. The renewable fuels also need to emit fewer greenhouse gases than the displaced petroleum. In 2012, the target is for 9of all fuel will be from renewable sources, or a minimum of 15.2 billion gallons of renewable fuel. By 2022, the target is for 36 billion gallons of renewable fuel to be blended into gasoline and diesel and of that amount, 16 billion gallons derived from cellulosic biofuels. While some advanced biofuel will be refined from forest, crop, and urban residues, this paper focuses on the patterns of farmers choices regarding dedicated perennial lignocellulosic energy crops. Throughout this paper we use the term perennial as shorthand for warm season grasses such as those in the genus Panicum or Miscanthus, or short rotation tree crops such as those in the genus Populus or Salix. We focus on choices about these perennial crops because two thirds of the mandated advanced biofuels are expected to be converted at biorefineries from perennials (USDA 2010). RFS2 establishes the goals, but not mechanisms for achieving them. Mechanisms and incentives, however, are embedded in other legislation and programs. For example, the 2008 Farm Bill created the Biomass Crop Assistance Program (BCAP) that is designed to entice farmers to plant and deliver biomass feedstock to biorefineries and electrical plants. The effectiveness of this new program, however, has yet to be fully explored (Aguilar et al. 2011). In 2011, the program received over 40 project area proposals, exceeding the available funding, suggesting increasing adoption, or at least exceeding expectations of policymakers.

关键词：生物燃料；生物质；农业分析；生物能源

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Objective:p53,a tumor suppressor gene,is one of the hotspots in the world of the biomedical field.Mutation of p53 gene,which is found in approximately 50％ of human cancers,is a key event in carcinogenesis.This project aims to investigate the new characteristics of two p53 mutants,p53-W248 and p53-H175,in MCF-7 cells,so as to provide the experimental basis for understanding the functional alternations of mutant p53.Methods:In this study,MCF-7 cells transfected with p53-H175 or p53-W248 plasmids were used as experimental group and the MCF-7 cells transfected wild type p53 plasmid were used as control group.Then the biological effects at the cellular level were investigated using 3-(4.5-dimethylthiazol-2-yl)-2,5-diphenyl tetrazolium bromide (MTT) assay,flow cytometry analysis and cell scratch test.Results:MTT assay showed that p53-W248 might promote cell proliferation in MCF-7 cells.The results of flow cytometry indicated that no significant effect on cell cycle progression and cell apoptosis by p53-H175 or p53-W248 in cells.The cell scratch test showed that p53-H175 could increase the ability of cell migration.Conclusion:p53-H175 could lead to the promotion of tumor cell migration,while p53-W248 may promote tumor cell proliferation,p53-H175 and p53-W248 might have acquired some new characteristics of oncogenes.

关键词：细胞增殖；细胞周期；细胞迁移；生物医药

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The WRNMMC Clinical Breast Care Project/Winder Research Institute will help lead the way in the 21st century in the crusade against breast disorders. The project will utilize a multidisciplinary approach as the standard of care for treating breast diseases and breast cancer. This multidisciplinary model integrates prevention, screening, diagnosis, treatment and continuing care, but the project is further unique in the incorporation of advances in risk reduction, informatics, tissue banking and research. These efforts focus on decreasing the morbidity and mortality of breast cancer among American women.

关键词：乳腺癌；临床医学；预防医学；生物医学

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Eastern Bering Sea shelf walleye pollock (Theragra chalcogramma) abundance and distribution in midwater were assessed between 5 June and 7 August 2010 using acoustic-trawl techniques aboard the NOAA ship Oscar Dyson. The survey also assessed walleye pollock in the Cape Navarin area of Russia. Results showed that ocean surface temperatures were warmer in 2010 than in recent years (1.8DG 12.3DGC in 2010 vs. 0.7DG 8.3DGC in 2 0 and 0.9DG 8.9DGC in 2009). The majority of the pollock biomass in the U.S. Exclusive Economic Zone (EEZ) was located to the south and west of St. Matthew Island between the 100 m and 200 m isobaths. Estimated pollock abundance in midwater (between 16 m from the surface and 3 m off bottom) in the U.S. EEZ portion of the Bering Sea shelf was high compared to recent surveys. The 2010 pollock biomass estimate in the U.S. EEZ was 2.323 million metric tons (t). The 2009 biomass was 0.924 million t and the estimated 2008 biomass was 0.997 million t. East of 170DG W, the predominant length mode was 40 cm and most ages ranged between 3 and 6 years. In the U.S. west of 170DG W (87.4of total biomass), dominant modal lengths were 26, 16, and 39 cm, corresponding to pollock aged 2, 1, and 4, respectively. In Russia (5.3of total biomass), modal lengths and ages were generally similar to those in the U.S. west of 170DG W. Vertical distribution analyses indicated that 85of adult biomass was within 40 m of the seafloor. Juveniles were found both near the seafloor and higher in the water column; 65of juvenile biomass was within 40 m of the seafloor while 13was within 45 m of the surface. Finally, the first field tests of a non-extractive stereo camera-trawl system (Cam-Trawl) were successfully completed during the 2010 survey, and the multifrequency euphausiid backscatter index of abundance was successfully computed, indicating a reduced abundance of euphausiids compared with that in summer 2009.

关键词：狭鳕；海洋设备；生物质能；数据分析

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