Production of motor fuel: gasoline, kerosene etc. Production of fuel: light, medium and heavy fuel oil, refinery gases such as ethane, propane, butane etc. Manufacture of oil-based lubricating oils or greases, including from waste oil Manufacture of products for the petrochemical industry and for the manufacture of road coverings Manufacture of various products: white spirit, Vaseline, paraffin wax, petroleum jelly etc. Manufacture of hard-coal and lignite fuel briquettes Manufacture of petroleum briquettes Blending of biofuels, i.e. blending of alcohols with petroleum (e.g. gasohol)

Manufacture of diverse parts and accessories for motor vehicles: Brakes, gearboxes, axles, road wheels, suspension shock absorbers, radiators, silencers, exhaust pipes, catalytic converters, clutches, steering wheels, steering columns and steering boxes Manufacture of parts and accessories of bodies for motor vehicles: Safety belts, airbags, doors, bumpers Manufacture of car seats Manufacture of motor vehicle electrical equipment, such as generators, alternators, spark plugs, ignition wiring harnesses, power window and door systems, assembly of purchased gauges into instrument panels, voltage regulators, etc.

Tesla emerged as the global leader with sales of 499,512 units, followed by the VW Group with 423,871 units. Collectively, Tesla (15.2%) and VW Group (13.3%) held 28.5% of the EV market. A total of 3.2 million units were sold of which 69.4% were BEVs and 30.3% were PHEVs. Europe has emerged as a market leader for the first time in history, with 43.3% market share, overtaking China with 41.0%.

With major consumer-oriented manufacturers gradually shifting to customized packaging to enhance shelf-visibility, in turn, attracting customers, the adoption of digital printing became vital. The beverage company, Coca-Cola, had been an early adopter for such a system and launched multiple campaigns based on digitally printed, highly-customized labels. There is an increased demand for digital prints wrapped on the glass fronts of office buildings, and huge digitally printed banners displayed down the sides of buildings. The automotive industry has also become a major part of the digital advertising world, with cars, buses, vans, and trailers fully wrapped with digital prints.

Production of motor fuel: gasoline, kerosene etc. Production of fuel: light, medium and heavy fuel oil, refinery gases such as ethane, propane, butane etc. Manufacture of oil-based lubricating oils or greases, including from waste oil Manufacture of products for the petrochemical industry and for the manufacture of road coverings Manufacture of various products: white spirit, Vaseline, paraffin wax, petroleum jelly etc. Manufacture of hard-coal and lignite fuel briquettes Manufacture of petroleum briquettes

Manufacture of passenger cars Manufacture of commercial vehicles: Vans, lorries, over-the-road tractors for semi-trailers etc. Manufacture of buses, trolley-buses and coaches Manufacture of motor vehicle engines Manufacture of chassis fitted with engines Manufacture of other motor vehicles: Snowmobiles, golf carts, amphibious vehicles Fire engines, street sweepers, travelling libraries, armoured cars etc. Concrete-mixer lorries ATVs, go-carts and similar including race cars Factory rebuilding of motor vehicle engines

This class includes: Manufacture of diverse parts and accessories for motor vehicles: Brakes, gearboxes, axles, road wheels, suspension shock absorbers, radiators, silencers, exhaust pipes, catalytic converters, clutches, steering wheels, steering columns and steering boxes Manufacture of parts and accessories of bodies for motor vehicles: Safety belts, airbags, doors, bumpers Manufacture of car seats Manufacture of motor vehicle electrical equipment, such as generators, alternators, spark plugs, ignition wiring harnesses, power window and door systems, assembly of purchased gauges into instrument panels, voltage regulators, etc.

oil and natural gas firm, Petronas, owns all oil and natural gas exploration and production projects in the nation Petronas dominates the upstream sector, where it enters production sharing contracts ( with local and international corporations to explore and exploit Malaysia's oil and gas resources ExxonMobil, Shell, and ConocoPhillips are the three largest multinational oil firms producing the most oil in

According to data from the USDA, Brazil was the second largest producer and consumer of biofuels in the world during 2021. The country is among the global pioneers in biofuels development and adoption, with the introduction of flex-fuel (dual-fuel ethanol and petrol) vehicles as early as 2003. Moreover, mandatory blending of fossil fuels with biofuels has underpinned the growth of the sector ever since their introduction in the second half of the 2000s decade. Brazil’s massive agricultural sector also plays a key part in the development of the sector, with the country being among the largest producers of raw materials for biofuels, such as sugarcane, soybean, maize and animal fats.

Plastics have become an inseparable part of modern lifestyle since their formation. Plastics are used for packaging, building and construction, automotive, consumer goods, electronics, and medical devices. To make plastics usable and to increase their processability, plastic additives are required to modify polymer resin. This helps in enhancing several characteristics that manifold the value of plastic materials. Various types of additives such as flame retardants, heat stabilizers, lubricants, and slip additives, blowing agents, antistatic agents, antioxidants, and light stabilizers are used for the modification of polymer resins.