Third largest market in the CEE region. • Per capita spending is below the CEE average. Slowest market growth in the CEE region, in US dollar terms. Other medical devices and consumables have the largest market shares. The market remains heavily reliant on imports. Turkey has a large number of manufacturers, but these tend to be small-scale, concentrating on cheap, low-technology items. In recent years, Turkey has focused on developing its healthcare system, with the goal of providing universal healthcare, although this is yet to be achieved. Over three quarters of total health expenditure comes from the public sector, primarily central & local governments and social security programmes.

Medical device market value in US dollar terms has plummeted due to local currency devaluation. Other medical devices, consumables and diagnostic imaging have large market shares. Barrio Adentro explains much of the historical market growth. The market is heavily concentrated in Caracas and other major urban areas. The market used to rely on imports, which are now tightly controlled by the government. Imports have fallen since peaking in 2011, due to local currency devaluation and import shortages. Per capita expenditure has fallen; it used to leapfrog above other Latin American countries.

Ninth largest market in the APAC region. Per capita spending is well below the APAC average. Market will record double-digit CAGR. Diagnostic imaging and other medical devices have the largest market shares. Imports supply over 90% of the market. Domestic production is limited to basic items. Some multinationals have set up plants, attracted by low manufacturing and labour costs. Ongoing healthcare infrastructure plans for hospitals and primary care facilities ensure demand.

Sixth largest market in the Asia Pacific (APAC) region. Above average per capita spending within APAC region and globally, similar to Hong Kong, but well above mainland China. The market will exhibit high single-digit growth over the 2017-2022 period. Imports supply over three quarters of the market. The US is the largest supplier of imported products, followed by Japan, Germany and China. Taiwan has a large manufacturing industry with particular strengths in wheelchairs, patient aids and basic medical & surgical instruments.

One of the largest markets in the Middle East & Africa (MEA) region, similar in size to the UAE. • Market size is supported by a large population and Africa's most industrialised economy. Owing to the size of the population, per capita spending is low. • Spending on medical devices as a proportion of wealth is below average for the MEA region. Other medical devices accounts for around 40% of the total market. Underdeveloped market offers considerable potential for growth but currently constrained by funding issues, poor infrastructure and staff shortages. National Health Insurance programme in the early stages of implementation, but question marks remain on funding and delivery of key targets. Limited medical device production, therefore market largely dependent on imports.

Eighth largest market in the CEE region. Per capita spending is the fifth highest in the region. Market will record high single-digit CAGR. Consumables and orthopaedics & prosthetics have the largest market shares. The market is heavily reliant on imports in most sectors, as local manufacturing capacity is more geared to exports. Longstanding local production of dental apparatus. Comprehensive public health insurance system introduced in 1993. Relatively underdeveloped private sector.

Second smallest market in the CEE region. Per capita spending is well below the CEE average. Market will record moderate single-digit CAGR in local currency terms. Consumables and other medical devices have the largest market shares. Most requirements need to be imported; the US and Germany are major partners. Weak and undercapitalised domestic production sector. Relatively strong hospital sector, although the need for modernisation is great. • EU negotiations began in December 2015; 12 chapters have been opened to date.

Oil wealth has facilitated development of sophisticated healthcare system. The largest medical device market in the Middle East and Africa region. Market size reduced and market forecast revised upwards in December 2017. Reliant on imports, primarily from the US and Western Europe. Other medical devices and consumables have large market shares. improving regulations, which are approaching standards seen in developed states. Limited direct presence of multinational companies.

Largest medical device market in the Central & Eastern Europe (CEE) region. Per capita spending is low for the CEE region.Market will record moderate growth in US dollar terms. Other medical devices and diagnostic imaging have the largest market shares. The government has increased the number of medical devices subject to import restrictions, which could negatively impact the sales of foreign manufacturers. Import shares may fall by 2020, in accordance with the Ministry of Industry and Trade's import substitution plan, which aims to reduce the import shares of 111 groups of medical devices. The greatest opportunities exist around the major cities of Moscow and St Petersburg, where most companies are based and per capita incomes are well above the national average.

Eighth largest Central & Eastern European (CEE) market. Per capita spending is below the CEE average. The market will grow by a high US dollar CAGR. • Other medical devices and diagnostic imaging have the largest market shares. There is little local production, so much of the market is largely reliant on imports. The health sector is historically underdeveloped, poorly funded and poorly managed. Growing private healthcare sector. Continued World Bank support should maintain progress in developing the health sector. One of the CEE region's most populous countries.