The Commission instituted these reviews on June 3, 2013 (78 FR 33108,) and determined on September 6, 2013 that it would conduct expedited reviews (78 FR 59371, September 26, 2013).

关键词：钢铁；进口；碳素钢；钢管；焊件

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Fracture toughness and fatigue properties of pipeline steels play a critical role in developing advanced high-pressure hydrogen infrastructure for alternative fuel pipelines program. The reliability of structure components, particularly resistance to damage and failure in the intended service environment, is highly dependent on the selected materials. An effective surveillance program is also necessary to monitor the material degradation during the course of service. Steels have been proven to be desirable for hydrogen infrastructure. However, hydrogen embrittlement is an important factor that limits steel performance under high-pressure hydrogen conditions. In order to reach the above goal, we have proposed an innovative technology, based on spiral notch torsion test (SNTT) methodology, to effectively investigate the material performance of X52 pipeline steel. The SNTT approach was successfully demonstrated and extended to X52 steels during the performance period. In addition to single notch front geometry, the crack growth behavior of the SNTT process has been effectively established using an integrated experimental, numerical and analytical approach. The results indicate that the proposed protocol not only provides significant advance in understanding the compliance evolution of the SNTT specimen, but also can be readily utilized to assist future development of hydrogen infrastructures. In FY2011, an extensive study was performed to characterize the fracture toughness degradation of AISI 4340 high-strength steel exposed to high-pressure hydrogen using in situ spiral notch torsion tests. This effort included equipment setup and calibration, sample design and fabrication, finite element simulation of the specimen fracture, and fractographic characterization using advanced microscopic techniques. The detailed description of the results is summarized in by Wang (Wang 2011).

关键词：管道；钢；断裂强度；缺口冲击试验

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The goal of the proposed project is to further develop and market advanced 70-ksi-yield strength super-tough steel (designated as NUCu60ST in the text) for use in tank cars transporting cryogenic liquids, like chlorine, for example. Fracture of these tanks resulted in a number of industrial accidents. One in 2005 in Graniteville, South Carolina led to nine deaths and at least 250 injuries. This is a joint project with Union Tank Car Company (UTLX). Developed and investigated at Northwestern University by prior funding from ITI and CCITT, the super-tough cyrogenic steel was included into the 'Next-Generation Rail Tank Car Project', an innovative joint initiative of the three companies (Dow, Union Pacific and UTLX), Association of American Railroads (AAR), and US and Canada Departments of Transportation focused on the design and implementation of a next-generation rail tank car with enhanced ability to safely transport hazardous chemicals.

关键词：钢;坦克车;危险品运输;低温;氯

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Erosion behavior of the high velocity oxy fuel (HVOF) deposited Cr_3C_2-NiCr and WC-Co coatings on boiler tube steels was evaluated. The solid particle erosion study was conducted, using an air jet erosion test rig at a velocity of 26 m/s and impingement angles of 30° and 90°, on uncoated as well as HVOF spray coated boiler tube steels at 250 ℃. The coatings are significantly harder than the substrate steel and less porous. Scanning electron microscopy (SEM) technique was used to analyze the eroded surface. Mass loss of the coatings was found higher than the boiler tube steel.

关键词：钢铁;超音速火焰喷涂;侵蚀;扫描电子显微镜

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Recognizing the central quality of a metallographic sample represents, for a metallographic laboratory expert, a challenging task involving analyzing the size and number of defects at the evaluated segment. In order to help human experts, a software tool was developed for machine evaluation of these metallographic samples. The aim of the paper is to present the properties of the developed software and to demonstrate its practical application in industry. The developed software tool is based on the machine recognition of small but important non-homogeneity objects located at the central part of the metallographic sample and on a statistical evaluation of the properties of these extracted central objects. Because the central objects are very similar to noise, machine recognition is not straightforward. However, this paper contains promising results of comparing machine and expert assessments of an industrial image database of digitized metallographic samples. The image database is provided by the research department of ArcelorMittal Ostrava, a.s., in the Czech Republic.

关键词：钢铁；材料科学与技术；质量控制；控制系统

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The NGNP, which is an advanced HTGR concept with emphasis on both electricity and hydrogen production, involves helium as the coolant and a closed-cycle gas turbine for power generation with a core outlet/gas turbine inlet temperature of 750-1000 C. Alloy 617 is a prime candidate for VHTR structural components such as reactor internals, piping, and heat exchangers in view of its resistance to oxidation and elevated temperature strength. However, lack of adequate data on the performance of the alloy in welded condition prompted to initiate a creep test program at Argonne National Laboratory. In addition, Testing has been initiated to evaluate the creep rupture properties of the pressure vessel steel A508/533 in air and in helium environments. The program, which began in December 2009, was certified for quality assurance NQA-1 requirements during January and February 2010. Specimens were designed and fabricated during March and the tests were initiated in April 2010. During the past year, several creep tests were conducted in air on Alloy 617 base metal and weldment specimens at temperatures of 750, 850, and 950 C. Idaho National Laboratory, using gas tungsten arc welding method with Alloy 617 weld wire, fabricated the weldment specimens. Eight tests were conducted on Alloy 617 base metal specimens and nine were on Alloy 617 weldments.

关键词：合金;试验;冷却液;制氢;延性;电力

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We use x-ray spectroscopy and density functional theory to investigate the hydrogenation-induced electronic structure changes in graphene on Pt(111). The atom-specific properties of the spectroscopy allow for a direct projection of the band structure onto the carbon atoms; this was compared with the calculated density of states. Instead of the generally expected band opening behavior, we observe states at the Fermi level in the carbon-projected density of states. Hydrogenation is accompanied by pinning of the graphene to the substrate through the formation of local CPt bonds which cause the graphene layer to become metallic upon hydrogenation.

关键词：石墨烯;加氢;原子;碳;密度

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The influence of hydrogenation on microstructure and tensile properties of Ti40 alloy has been investigated.The microstructure observation reveals that a new phase called η phase with FCC structure appears at the grainboundaries when the hydrogen content above 0.3 wt.％.With increasing hydrogen contents,the strength first increases and then decreases,and the ductility decreases as the specimens tensioned at both room temperature and 700℃.These phenomenons are resulted from the solution strengthening of hydrogen addition in Ti40 alloy with single β phase.As the hydrogen content increases,the fracture mode changes from dimple to cleavage fracture for specimens tensioned at room temperature.When tested at 700℃,the morphology of fracture surfaces in the specimens are all characterized by polygonal grains and the fractograph exhibits typically "sugar candy" brittle fracture for the specimen with 0.5wt％ H

关键词：钛合金;加氢;显微组织演变;拉伸性能

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A synopsis of these studies follows, and, in a separate section, abstracts of published and submitted papers are provided. One of the goals of this research is to learn more about fundamental processes involving photoinduced electron transfer to adsorbates on metals, in particular, those that lead to dissociation of water. Silver nanoparticles are chosen to represent the low end of catalytic activity, so as to delineate effects most directly associated with the dissociative electron transfer step. However, we also worked on palladium nanoparticles to take advantage of increased reactivity of that metal and its potential for hydrogen storage. In collaborative work with experimental investigations, the palladium catalyzed decomposition of butanoic acid was treated using high level electronic structure theory. For photoinduced processes at surfaces, key questions involve how electron transfer excited states are stabilized by the image charge or hole in the metal and whether dissociation occurs on the excited electronic state surface or by crossing over at some adsorbate geometry to the ground state surface. Differentiating between competing pathways depends on energy barriers and lifetimes in excited states.

关键词：表面；化学反应；金属；催化剂；储氢

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The synthesis of composite Pd membranes has been modified by the addition of a Al(OH)3 graded layer and sequential annealing at high temperatures to obtain membranes with high permeance and outstanding selectivity stability for over 4000 hours at 450DGC. Most of the membranes achieved in this work showed H2 flux well above 2010 DOE targets and in some case, also above 2015 DOE targets. Similar composite membranes were tested in water gas shift reaction atmospheres and showed to be stable with high CO conversion and high hydrogen recovery for over 1000 hours. The H2 permeance of composite Pd-Au membranes was studied as well as its resistance in H2S containing atmospheres. H2S poisoning of Pd-based membranes was reduced by the addition of Au and the loss undergone by membranes was found to be almost totally recoverable with 10-30 wtAu. PSA technique was studied to test the possibility of H2S and COS removal from feed stream with limited success since the removal of H2S also led to the removal of a large fraction of the CO2. The economics of a WGS bundle reactor, using the information of the membranes fabricated under this project and integrated into an IGCC plant were studied based on a 2D reactor modeling. The calculations showed that without a government incentive to impose a CO2 tax, application of WGS membrane reactors in IGCC would be not as economically attractive as regular pulverized coal plants.

关键词：复合材料;膜;制氢;退火;煤气化

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