CRT-Ps are an advanced implantable form of conventional pacemakers. They help the heart function efficiently by monitoring its signals and coordinating with the ventricles to contract at the same time. These devices resynchronize the heart's rhythm to improve breathlessness and fatigue, and avoid dizziness and fainting in individuals. Physicians surgically implant the CRT-P under the skin, below the collarbone. They connect the electrical leads through a blood vessel into the heart. Unlike conventional pacemakers, CRT-Ps have two leads: one placed into the right ventricle and the other in the right atrium. An extra lead is implanted on the left side of the heart to stimulate the left ventricle, assisting the heart to pump efficiently. The implantation process and the use of these devices can cause infections around the implant site and damage the blood vessels, heart wall, and other organs.

Bluetooth speakers are wireless portable audio devices that receive audio signal over low-power radio waves instead of audio cables. For ideal exchange of data, the receiver should be within the defined range of wireless transfer capability of the speaker. The Bluetooth speaker market includes the following types of devices: AConly Bluetooth speakers, DC-only Bluetooth speakers, and AC/DC Bluetooth speakers.

The global aluminum market for the building and construction sector is expected to grow at a CAGR of 6.1% during 2016-2020. The market is driven by the rapid industrialization in developing countries, leading to an increase in investments in building and construction. The global urban population is set to rise by more than 70% by 2050, and the global construction market is expected to reach $12 trillion by 2020.

Airport e-gates are replacing the manual verification and validation at the arrival and departure terminals. Manual checking could lead to human errors, resulting in the bypassing of a potential threat. This also leads to long waiting queues in the airport, which, in turn, lead to dissatisfied customers.

Textile chemicals are widely used in processing fiber. Some of the major processes include bleaching, dyeing, printing, conditioning, and finishing. They are also used as reducing agents, softening agents, and in sequestration. These are also easy to use due to their fluid nature and as a result of which they can be employed in a variety of reactive dye types.

A scar is a patch of fibrous tissue (containing a protein called collagen) that is formed over a wound as a consequence of the body's natural healing process. Scars are classified into keloid scars, contracture scars, hypertrophic scars, and atrophic scars based on the composition of collagen and appearance. Many non-invasive methods including chemical and physical treatment and invasive methods such as surgery are used to treat different types of scars.

The global chip manufacturing business is focused on reducing the semiconductor chip size and designs. This has been a trend in the semiconductor industry since 1965, with historical facts suggesting comprehensive growth of the market largely due to the continual reduction of cost per function performed by ICs. Growing improvements in the IC structure, i.e., increasing density of circuits, has resulted in compact and lowcost ICs. In addition, these devices gain better performance capabilities due to growing density (use of 3D architecture) that helps them execute a large number of functions at high speed with low power consumption. Thus, the demand for production equipment capable of producing advanced ICs in high volumes at the lowest possible cost is anticipated to grow during the forecast period.

Antibodies are the proteins produced by B-cells (in the bone marrow) in the immune system. These proteins attach themselves to antigens, which act as markers, and are then destroyed by phagocytes. B-cells produce different antibodies, which attach themselves to different sites of an antigen. mAbs are monospecific, as they are the clones of a single parent cell. They are complex proteins with high molecular weight, and were first developed in 1975 by Kohler and Milstein. mAbs are generally of three types, chimeric, humanized, and fully human, and are often used for therapeutic and diagnostic purposes.

Magnetic field sensors are devices used to sense and study the magnetic field around electrical devices, permanent magnets, and coils. These sensors are made of rotating sensor tip that measures transverse and longitudinal magnetic fields. Traditional magnetic field sensors facilitated navigation on oceans by sensing the magnetic poles of the Earth. Since then, the application of magnetic sensors has expanded to industrial use, for the detection of a magnetic field's strength, presence, and direction from soft magnets, permanent magnets, brain wave activity, vehicle disturbances, and fields generated from electric currents. Magnetic sensors are the primary navigation means for industrial control systems. The increasing demand for compact size, improved sensitivity, and compatibility to control systems has driven the need for magnetic field sensing technology.

Lyophilization or freeze drying is a dehydration process used to preserve perishable materials and transport them easily. It is an efficient method for drying various unstable, heat-sensitive, and aqueous products in various industries. The process is widely used in the pharmaceutical and biotechnology companies to stabilize, store, and increase the shelf life of drug products and other biological molecules such as antibodies, proteins, hormones, enzymes, blood plasma, and bacteria-derived compounds, without affecting their internal physical structure. The process removes 95%-97% of the moisture or solvent from the products and provides a prolonged storage. Freeze drying also helps produce tablets or wafers for easy dosage administration.