2023 年国内机床运行情况呈现出需求偏弱，前高后平，内弱外强的特征。根据中国机床工具工业协会数据，总量方面，2023 年金属加工机床产量 76.4 万台，同比+1.2%，消费额 257.8 亿美元，同比-6%，供给扩张而需求偏弱。内需方面，与 PMI 指数的变动对应，2023 年金属切削机床产量呈现先高后平的走势，4-10 月机床产量维持 5 万台/月左右，11-12 月提高到 6 万台/月。进出口方面，整体呈现内弱外强的特征，机床行业 2023 年出口 77.7 亿美元，同比+25.3%，进口 61 亿美元，同比-7.6%；刀具行业进出口规模同步收缩，表现为出口优于进口。

Tungsten is one of the toughest metals found in nature and exhibits unique properties. Pure tungsten is silver-colored and has a high melting point. It offers high density and resists fracture and high temperatures. It is primarily extracted from wolframite and scheelite.

本篇报告从电机发展历史与工作原理出发，阐述了轴向电机相较于传统径向电机在性能等方面的优势。随着“双碳”政策的逐步推进，电机轻量化、高功率密度等需求趋势将拉动轴向电机行业的发展。在未来的绿色交通乃至机器人板块，轴向电机或部分取代径向电机，成为主要的驱动装置组件之一。

Titanium mill products refer to a range of titanium materials that are manufactured through various milling processes. Titanium is a lightweight and highly corrosion-resistant metal that possesses excellent strength-to-weight ratio and heat resistance, making it an ideal material for a wide range of applications in various industries such as aerospace, automotive, medical, and chemical processing. Moreover, titanium mill products include titanium bars, titanium plates, titanium sheets, titanium tubes, and titanium forgings. These products are typically produced by machining titanium ingots or billets using milling machines, which remove excess material and give the desired shape and size to the final product.

Aluminum powder is manufactured by fine-grinding aluminum metal or by converting pure molten aluminum metal into fine droplets under a compressed gas jet environment. Aluminum flakes are derived from aluminum powder by the dry ball milling process. Aluminum paste is a type of metallic pigment which is similar to other tinting pigments. It is made from aluminum powder or flakes, petroleum solvent, and lubricant.

Aluminum nitride is a white to pale yellow powder that is 8-10 times more thermally conductive than alumina. Aluminum nitride is a strategic ceramic material that possesses a unique combination of high thermal conductivity and remarkable insulation properties.

The equipment described in this report are primarily defined by its title since the title is generally long and includes most of the criteria used to differentiate the equipment from other similar equipment. The equipment descriptions are sourced from the U.S. Census. Additionally descriptions can be collected from the manufacturing industry descriptions that each equipment is categorized. The U.S. Census manufacturing industry descriptions for equipment are listed below