关键词：自闭症谱系障碍(ASD)；康复训练
摘 要：The rationale for using neurofeedback to affect changes in children on the autism spectrum is rooted in several assumptions. First, regions comprising the human mirror neuron system or MNS exhibit abnormal connections in ASD children. Second, the 8- 13 Hz mu rhythm oscillations over sensorimotor cortex are functionally linked to the MNS network. Third, modifying these oscillation dynamics via neurofeedback training induces neural plasticity. Finally, normalization of abnormal connectivity is reflected in positive behavioral, cognitive, and electrophysiological changes. Our results show behavioral improvements following training in all the subcategories of the ATEC, a validated measure of the efficacy of an intervention. Similarly, we report improvement in the three subscales in adaptive measures, as measured by the Vineland Adaptive Behavioral Scale. Finally, social interactions during daily living were assessed with the Social Responsiveness Scale and improvements noted with training. BOLD activation results indicate that both TD and ASD groups have activity in IFG, IPL, and STS areas during imitation and in the observation of hand movement, but these activations are significantly greater for the TD group. Furthermore, our results are consistent with anatomical findings that show regions in the ASD brain exhibiting overconnectivity and underconnectivity compared to the TD brain. Finally, we show that NFT produces increases in MNS activity and reductions in abnormal functional connectivities between MNS areas compared to the TD brain.