关键词：创伤性脑损伤；积累；爆炸荷载
摘 要：During 3-d year, we completed comparing blast load characteristics producing mild through severe TBI of composite, accompanied with head acceleration with primary blast-peak overpressure exposure w/o significant head acceleration. Improved prototype (final version) of cumulative blast sensor and signal conditioning circuit has been produced and tested at Banyan Biomarkers November/December, 2013 and January/February 2013. We were capable of capturing at least 3 consecutive blasts and integrate a cumulative load. Also, we continued to fully characterize brain injury and biomarkers after repeated primary blast exposure. Rats were subjected to a primary blast of 50-53 psi overpressure and total duration of 75 sec : 3 exposures, with a 45 min to 1 hr recovery at the frontal part of the rat s skull. Portable cumulative blast sensors were placed on the head front and rat spine. We measured blood accumulation of our golden standard GFAP, neuronal UCH-L1 and CNPase, and NSE. To complete a panel, we investigated neuroendocrine peptide Orexin A, Neuropilin-2 and inflammatory sICAM and metalloproteinases. Multiple blasts augmented increased GFAP, UCH-L1, NSE and NRP-2, but not Orexin A, while at 7 days the cumulative effects of multiple blasts were much lower, if any. On the other hand, serum CNPase and sICAM after multiple blasts was significantly augmented vs. single blast both at 1 day and 7 days post exposure. Finally, we found and characterized new signatures of blast injuries: thrombin activity measured by calibrated activated thrombography (CAT), linked to microcirculation disorders following blast exposures.