关键词：拉曼散射（SERS）；生物医学；纳米颗粒
摘 要：Giant Raman scattering in the metal nanostructures that is known as surface-enhanced Raman scattering (SERS) was discovered in the last quarter of the twentieth century. It might be the most important discovery in optics at the end of the century. SERS effect is observed when the investigated substance is deposited onto metal nanoparticles (NPs), clusters of the particles, rough metal surfaces (e.g., chemical etching electrodes), and semi-continuous metal films. SERS has witnessed many successes over the past three decades, owing particularly to its simplicity of use as well as its highly multiplexing capability in biomedical investigations. SERS has emerged as a promising nanosensing technique for in vivo diagnostics. This chapter provides an overview of SERS and its applicability in the field of biosensing. This chapter is divided up as follows: First, the fundamental mechanisms of Raman scattering and SERS are briefly discussed. Second, an assortment of preclinical and clinical SERS applications is discussed. Third, different technologies for SERS-active plasmonic substrate preparation are described. Finally, we consider a new phenomenon associated with the giant enhancement of Raman scattering in the profiled dielectric film.