关键词：卵巢癌;口服避孕药;预防;风险;福利;死亡率
摘 要：Ovarian cancer is the eighth most common cancer in women and is the fifth leading cause of cancer death, with an age-adjusted rate of 8.2 deaths per 100,000 women. Given current age-specific incidence and demographic projections, the number of cases of ovarian cancer will almost double over the next 35 years as women born between 1946 and 1964 (the baby boom generation) reach the age of highest incidence (60 years and older). While advances in surgery, chemotherapy, and radiation therapy over the past 20 years have led to improved outcomes, overall 5-year survival is only 42 percent for ovarian cancer compared with 88 percent for breast cancer and 63 percent for colorectal cancer. The high mortality rate in women with ovarian cancer is largely attributed to the later stage at presentation compared with other common cancers. This has led to intense research efforts to identify effective screening strategies for ovarian cancer, but results have been disappointing, particularly with regard to decreases in mortality. The objective of this report was to estimate the overall balance of harms and benefits from the potential use of oral contraceptives (OCs) for the primary prevention of ovarian cancer.