关键词：电力系统；智能电网；动态仿真；HPC电网
摘 要：Power system computation software tools are traditionally designed as serial codes and optimized for single-processor computers. They are becoming inadequate in terms of computational efficiency for the ever increasing complexity of the power grid. The power grid has served us remarkably well but is likely to see more changes over the next decade than it has seen over the past century. In particular, the widespread deployment of renewable generation, smart-grid controls, energy storage, plug-in hybrids, and other emerging technologies will require fundamental changes in the operational concepts and principal components of the grid. The grid is in an unprecedented transition that poses significant challenges in power grid operation. Central to this transition, power system computation needs to evolve accordingly to provide fast results for power grid management. On the other hand, power system computation should and has to take advantage of ubiquitous parallel computers. To bring HPC to power grid applications is not simply putting more computing units against the problem. It requires careful design and coding to match an application with computing hardware. Sometimes, alternative or new algorithms need to be used to maximize the benefit of HPC. This chapter demonstrates the benefits of HPC for power grid applications with several examples such as state estimation, contingency analysis, and dynamic simulation. These examples represent the major categories of power grid applications. Each of the applications has its own problem structure and data dependency requirements. The approach to apply HPC to these problems has different challenges. The HPC-enhanced state estimation, contingency analysis, and dynamic simulation presented in this chapter are suitable for today's power grid operation.