关键词：胶体纳米晶体太阳能电池；电极；光伏发电
摘 要：Over the past decade, colloidal nanocrystal solar cells have been increasingly investigated as a candidate for low-cost, solution-processed photovoltaics. While colloidal nanocrystals have the potential to combine the superior optical and electrical properties of inorganic semiconductors with the ability for inexpensive, large-area solution-processing manufacturing techniques, significant challenges exist that have limited the performance of devices thus far.One of the most crucial issues yet to be solved is the formation of high-quality Ohmic contacts to the photoactive material that does not damage the nanocrystal film.Many novel thin film device architectures would benefit from a reproducible method of depositing metal electrodes using a non-damaging technique that is compatible with lowtemperature processing requirements. Thermal evaporation of metal electrodes onto thin films of semiconductor nanocrystals can result in damage to the crystal surfaces, diffusion of the metal into the nanocrystals, and shorting of the device through pin-holes in the nanocrystal film. Here we present an alternative method for electrically contacting semiconductor nanocrystal thin films using elastomeric stamps, where transfer of the metal to the substrate does not require an interfacial adhesion layer. We have demonstrated the usefulness of this contact method using a well-studied system of lead chalcogenide quantum dots. The elastomeric stamp contact deposition method not only allows reproducible contacts to materials prone to pin-holes, but also enables thinner layers of active material, which could benefit thin film solar cells that suffer from a short carrier mean free path.