关键词：LDAP树；配置；单元测试
摘 要：OpenStack is open source software for building public and private clouds that provide anInfrastructure as a Service (IaaS) platform. Keystone is an OpenStack subproject that providesidentity services, including user authentication and authorization, for the OpenStack family ofprojects. This article shows how to configure Keystone to use a Lightweight Directory AccessProtocol (LDAP) server as its back end for identity services, instead of the default SQL backend.