关键词：氨氮；生物质能；需氧反应器；曝气
摘 要：Ammonia nitrogen removal is one of the most important processes in wastewater treatment plants (WWTPs). It is performed by microorganisms (referred to as biomass) in aerobic reactors in an activated sludge process. For normal operation a sufficiently high oxygen concentration has to be maintained at all times in the reactor by appropriate aeration. Aeration should be such that the effluent ammonia concentration (daily averaged or peak values) never exceeds the limit prescribed by legislation irrespective of the variable influent, changing weather and plant condition. At the same time, the lowest possible air consumption must be achieved. The reasons are purely economic. According to a study, air consumption is responsible for more than 50of the total electrical energy consumed by the plant. For example, aeration costs at a WWTP designed for around 100,000 people can be more than € 150,000 per year.